Experiences: Preparation and Utilization of Solid Recovered Fuels (SRF) from commercial waste for heat production Reference Case: Flensburg

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1 Experiences: Preparation and Utilization of Solid Recovered Fuels (SRF) from commercial waste for heat production Reference Case: Flensburg Dipl.-Ing. Rüdiger Oetjen-Dehne Umwelt- und Energie Consult GmbH Gartenstr Berlin Dipl.-Ing. Mathias Kalvelage MEISH GmbH Batteriestraße Flensburg 1

Rüdiger Oetjen-Dehne Umwelt- und Energie Consult GmbH Gartenstr.

2 Introduction! Stadtwerke Flensburg operate three hard coal-fired fluidized bed boilers for long-distance heating production, which are renewed and extended for the Co-Combustion of Solid Recovered Fuels (Maximum: 8.75 t/h each boiler, depending on the SRF calorific value)! Additionally in the year 2006 together with 3 privatly owned waste-management companies a plant was realized to produce a furnace-finished, chlorine-depleted SRF from commercial waste.! The contribution describes the plant and the first operational experiences. 2

extended for the Co-Combustion of Solid Recovered Fuels (Maximum: 8.75 t/h each boiler, depending on the SRF calorific value)!

3 Treated Waste! Shredded Residues from a Sorting Plant (recovering Paper, Plastics and Metals) located near Hamburg: Fraction I: Size 15 to 50 mm (10/2006 3/2007) Fraction II: Size > 50 mm! Non shredded Residues from a Sorting Plant processing commercial and mixed construction waste.! Shredded Residues (e.g. plastics) from a Sorting Plant processing WEEE, different grain size range, > 20 mm. 3

Hamburg: Fraction I: Size 15 to 50 mm (10/2006 3/2007) Fraction II: Size > 50 mm!

4 Quality according to the permission- Examples - Elements Unit Value Ash-Content Ma.-% < 30 Chlorine-Content Ma.-% < 1 (X) Fluorine-Content Ma.-% < 0,08 Lower Calorific Value kj/kg > Aluminium-Content Ma.-% < 1 Heavy Metals 80 % Perzentil MAXIMUM Lead mg/ kg Dry Matter Cadmium mg/ kg Dry Matter 9 16 Chrome mg/ kg Dry Matter Copper mg/ kg Dry Matter Mercury mg/ kg Dry Matter 1,2 4 SWF-Standard: Chlorine < 0,6 Ma.-%, Dry matter; Grain Size < 50 mm, can be pneumatically conveyed 4

-% < 1 Heavy Metals 80 % Perzentil MAXIMUM Lead mg/ kg Dry Matter 400 800 Cadmium mg/ kg Dry Matter 9 16 Chrome mg/ kg Dry Matter

5 Flow Chart 5

6 Storage and 1. Shredder 6

7 Primary Screen/Air Classifier 7

8 Sorting/2. Shredding 8

9 Short-Time Storage for SRF 9

10 First Operational Experiences: Composition of the Output Material EBS 73% Throughput: 20 t/h Maxium to produce good quality SRF Fe-Metalle 3% (Mechanical Throughput: t/h) PVC 3% Schwerstoffe 6% Feinfraktion 14% NE-Metalle 1% 10

quality SRF Fe-Metalle 3% (Mechanical Throughput: 22 23

11 Lower Calorific Value depending on ash- and water-content SRF from commercia l waste Lower calorific value, kj/kg original SRF SRF/RDF from houesehold waste WG = 15 % WG = 20 % WG = 25 % WG = 30 % WG = 35 % WG = 40 % WG = 45 % Ashcontent, Ma.-% Dry Matter 11

12 First Operational Experiences: Degree of PVC- Separation Degree of Separation PVC (%) ,01 0, Articel Weight (g) 12

13 First Operational Experiences: Quality of SRF! the quality is altogether already very good! Chlorine: Medium 0,7 Ma.-% dry matter, n=23! Heavy Metals: mainly uncritically, some samples have too high Copper- and Antimony-Contents.! Grain-Size: 1 2 % > 50 mm, nearly 100 % < 80 mm! Ferrous- and Non-Ferrous Metal-Content < 0,01 Ma.-%, but there are some particles up to 200 mm " Therefore some optimization are tested or planned: " Reducing Chlorine-Content (e.g. by reducing the troughput or by changing the screening-efficiency) " Reducing long size metal components (e.g. by screening the SRF?) 13

Ferrous- and Non-Ferrous Metal-Content < 0,01 Ma.

14 First Operational Experiences! Co-Combustion started in Januar 2007 (at present 4 t/h) 14

15 Lessons learned Treatment of Commercial Waste to produce an furnacefinished solid recovered fuel is state of the Art. The chlorine-content of the raw material varies between 2 5 Ma.-%; therefore Near-infrared-Sorting is a must. The SRF have to be nearly metal-free. Multistage sorting is also a must. Co-Combustion of Solid Recovered Fuel in an fluidized bed boiler requires adjustments of the past control concepts. You need time and patience to implement the whole system successfully 15

The SRF have to be nearly metal-free. Multistage sorting is also a must.

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