IoT Solutions for 3-D Visualization of Twitter Data

Transcription

1 IoT Solutions for 3-D Visualization of Twitter Data Aman Sharma Department of computer Sc. & Engg., Thapar University, Patiala, INDIA Rinkle Rani Department of computer Sc. & Engg., Thapar University, Patiala, INDIA Abstract The Internet of Things (IoT) is a booming terminology that is used nowadays. It is interconnection of various objects such as RFID(radio frequency identifications ), actuators, smart devices, sensors over an internet. It is a interdisciplinary approach to study computing devices and their behavior. A lot of research is going on ( IoT) devices to gain the intrinsic potential from them. Over the last few years, we have seen great efforts from industry and academia to provide IoT solutions and develop customer oriented market for IOT devices. In this paper, we will examine the various IoT solutions for twitter data visualization and analysis. Twitter being a popular social networking site always gives researchers a scope for innovation. A wide variety of solutions have been proposed for 3-D visualization of twitter data, but "Twitter Mood Light" is popular among all. Keywords: Twitter, Visualization, Social analysis, IoT, Arduino I. INTRODUCTION Over the last few years the Internet of Things (IoT) [1] has been a key research area both in industry and academia. A wide range of IoT solutions are emerging since the term was introduced in the late 1990s. Particularly it has gained attention from organizations ranging from start-ups to dream status companies, academia, government organizations [2]. In recent years, various new ways of data visualization and networks have influenced many research areas, allowing data analysis, prediction a much easier task than it used to be. One of the popular visualization tool available nowadays is R-tool. It is a statistical tool for data visualization and analysis. Figure 1. shows the data being visualized using R. Online Social data is a fuel for the research in the field of SNA (Social Network Analysis). Information plays a vital role in modern world; it is influencing various complex business decisions, understanding customer's behavior. Advancement in web2.0 has interconnected the world and thus the IoT seems to have emerged aptly in present era. Wide adaptation to mobile devices and social networking sites has led to explosion in data production. This data comprises of great potential in making business decision, analyzing customer behavior and sentiment analysis etc.. Online social interaction results in massive explosion of data in the form of tweets, posts, reviews etc. One of the way in which web has boost the social data analytics is through "reviews". Different kinds of reviews are made on products, books, restaurants and on many other things by their consumers. A review can be an appraisal or criticism but it adds a lot of value to the analytics, in making a big picture out of these reviews. Fig. 1. Data visualization in R Figure 2 shows a structure of tweets from twitter. Analyzing data is not a new field of science but it becomes a serious job when a social context is added to data analysis. Social data analysis has evolved the new paradigm of data analysis where information is a fuel to analyze trends and online behavior. One of the prominent task for data analysis is visualization of analysis result but visualization of gained results is a tedious tasks. Various tools are available for data visualization. One among them is R tool, which provides a set of best possible libraries and packages for data visualization of extracted and processed data. But what if we want 3-D visualization of data using day to day useful things like lamp, smoothie jar etc. Then comes the need for IoT solutions, as it connects these two ends. Fig. 2. Example of tweets from twitter II. Literature Survey Social networking sites are the prime medium of interaction among people worldwide. People interact virtually to share views and opinions. Increase in number of social platforms has also increase the interactions on them. A ubiquitous access /15/$31.00 c 2015 IEEE 839

2 to these sites has massively increased people participation[3]. Since its launch in 2006, twitter has gained tremendous users participation and has come up as a most popular micro blogging site [4]. It's easy to use simple user interface facilitates users to send messages known as 'tweets' [5-6]. More than 400 million tweets are generated worldwide on daily basis [7]. Twitter has provided a platform for developers to develop applications and access its data. We can extract twitter data using API's provided by twitter: REST and STEAMING API. In order to connect a device to a network we need small computer systems like functionality to be attached to it. We need a integrated chip or board with basic computing functionality and also supports on board integration of various devices. These boards comes with a small processor and input/output ports. For example Raspberry Pi is one of such kind of product [8]. It is small credit card sized minicomputer board developed with the intent of promoting basic computer science teaching in schools. Many IoT product vendors also use Raspberry Pi for their commercial use such as NinjaBlocks[9]. Platforms such as Arduino work successfully with Raspberry Pi Computers. Arduino is open-source tool used for developing computing devices that have sensing and controlling features, a lot more than a normal computer. It comes along with a simple microcontroller board, and a development environment for writing software for the board. Interactive and interesting applications can be built using Arduino. It can take inputs from wide range of sources like switches, sensors and can control lights, motors, and other physical outputs. We can built stand-alone as well as complex communicable projects too using Arduino. Inexpensive, Cross-platform, Simple, clear programming environment, Open source and extensible software and Open source and extensible hardware these are the key features that make arduino a good choice for IoT solutions. Arduino software and hardware parts: A. Arduino Board: It's an computing platform with microcontroller embedded on the board. We can connect Arduino with our computer using USB cable provided with it. For example Arduino Leonard needs Micro-B USB cable to connect to your computer. The Arduino Yún is an Arduino board unlike any other board but with this you can connect to your WiFi network. There are various kinds of Arduino boards, which servers the different purposes. TABLE I. mentions the various Arduino boards and related shields. B. Arduino development environment: A text editor is provided for writing code. Other than it an area for messages, console for text and toolbar is provided for easy development.you can make your software(sketches) to burn it on arduino using this IDE. Fig 3. Arduino Board-YUN C. Arduino Libraries: Although various built in functionality is provided by basic software for arduino but there may be need to extend the functionality of Arduino. For that Arduino consortium has provided support for various libraries. Various libraries have been already installed to IDE but you can also choose to install new and create your own too[10]. In order to fetch tweets from twitter you can used Arduino Tweet Library[11]. TABLE I. Various Arduino Boards and related shields S.No Arduino&Shields Features 1. ArduinoBT Provides built-in Bluetooth module, allows wireless communication. 2. ArduinoPro Provides flexibility and low-cost 3. ArduinoYún Can be configured to connect to your WiFi network. 4. ArduinoEthernet shield Can be connected to internet with Ethernet library and can read/ write SD card with SD library. 5. Arduino ISP You can program AVR microcontrollers. 6. Arduino GSM shield You can connect your arduino with internet, send/receive SMS and make voice calls with GSM library. 7. Arduino Wireless Wireless communication using Zigbee shield can be made on Arduino. Arduino and Twitter: Connecting Twitter and a normal computing device is a tedious task but what it needs is a medium to connect these two opposite ends. Processing is away out for this. Processing is a language which helps arduino to read and write input from IEEE International Advance Computing Conference (IACC)

3 sensors. Serial communication is established between Arduino and Processing. We can use Arduino Yún to extract recent tweets from the twitter. Processing uses Twitter4j library to interface with Twitter API. Through Twitter API we can tweet on selected account or you can read tweets from that account. Other than that we can Read tweets from all user. Other than Twitter4j you can use Temboo library for extracting tweets from twitter. Figure. 4. describes the basic flow chart for extracting twitter data using Arduino Yún and Temboo library. In order extract tweets firstly we need to register with Temboo and make a account for accessing its libraries. Secondly we need a active twitter account to register our application with twitter developer's account. Registering a application will give you four access keys which help us to fetch data from the twitter. Lastly we have to configure our Arduino Yún, so as to connect it to the internet. Extracting Tweets using Arduino Yún A. Twitter Mood Light[12]: There is well stated quote with this application " The World's Mood in a Box". If you are a news junkie, and keen about knowing everything happening around you then it is a perfect application for you. Suppose you slept at night and mean while something unusual or something trendy has happened overnight, and you want that if you wake-up early in the morning then there should be something seeing which you can get this information. Then you have a solution for this "Twitter MOOD Light". A lamp will glow a unique color based on the frequency of tweets related to particular mood. For example red for Anger, orange for happy, green for sadness.you need a Arduino Duemilanove, Wifly Shield. An Arduino can be connected directly to any wireless network via the WiFly module. It then repeatedly searches Twitter for sentiment tweets, maps the tweets for each emotion, analyzes the data, and fades the color of an LED to reflect the current World Mood. Register for Temboo account Register application using Twitter account Connect your Yún to internet Write your Sketch Create your Header file Fig. 4. Flow chart for Extracting Tweets using Temboo III. 3-D VISUALIZATION APPLICATION USING ARDUINO AND TWITTER This section is dedicated to survey on various existing applications for 3-D visualization of twitter streams using IoT solutions. IoT has given developers, wings to fly their imagination into their programming skills. IoT has given a new concept of development, i.e. DNA(Device Network Application). You can connect any device to network and can also operate or sense it using application. Various interesting and innovative applications are emerging since the launch of arduino. Hence a new approach to visualization is also driven with its advent. Some of the applications that got attention from social network researchers are: Fig.5. Mood Lamp for Twitter Tweets(Orange-happy) B. Tasty Tweets[13]: It is a data visualization experiment, which helps users to analyze twitter trends through their taste buds on a single press of a button. It collects tweets from twitter using Twitter API. Tweets having mentions of keywords of fruits like blueberry, pineapple, apple and carrot are collected and based on their frequency a blend of smoothie are made which represents the trending graph for tweets. Flavor of smoothie changes as the trend changes. So every time you will get a unique flavor. Arduino is connected to various jars to extract the smoothies in equivalent portions to tweets extracted. This unique way to experience twitter trends and visualize them. Figure. 6. shows visual graph of smoothie being prepared so IEEE International Advance Computing Conference (IACC) 841

4 3. Twitter theft control[16]: This device will help you to monitor your things well and ensure their safety. If someone comes too close to your thing, then it will send an update to twitter. It includes an Arduino, distance sensor, buzzer and a serial cable. Now you can safeguard your things even if you are not nearby them. A general methodology to analysis and 3-D visualization of social data: 1. Data Collection: We can collect social data using various platforms available by active social networking sites like Facebook, Twitter, etc. We can use programming languages like python to pull data from these sites. Fig. 6. Tweets Smoothie Other than these visualization applications we can also create interesting applications using arduino and Twitter. Some of these applications are: 1. Twitter Enabled Coffee Pot[14]: It is one of the kind of IoT solution that has revolutionized control of device remotely. It is a twitter enabled device which helps you to instruct your coffee maker to make a coffee at anytime from anywhere. For this you need a Power Switch Tail, an arduino board, a computer with arduino IDE and python and of course Drip Coffee Pot. Fig. 7. A Twitter Enabled Coffee Pot 2. Tweety Button[15]: Suppose you are quite active on twitter and want to tweet something readily but unfortunately your browser is slow then this tweety button provides you a way out for your elite pleasure with twitter. Pressing it will pop up a screen on which you can type your tweet and it can be posed to your twitter timeline instantly. 2. Graph Selection: To query upon the extracted data and to form a social network out of it we can use graph based data bases like Neo4j, etc. 3. Data Analysis: This is the most important step to be considered. A most holistic approach should be followed to analyze the extracted data. Tools such as R and other analysis tools are more related to this part of process. 4. Visualization: Final but most important step to sum up our analysis results. Normal approach follows visualization using visualization tools like Gephi, etc.. But for 3-D visualization we need tools like MentionMapp, GeocodEarth, TWITT3D and using Arduino. IV. Conclusion and Future Scope In this paper we have conducted a survey on various IoT solutions available for 3-D visualisation of Twitter data. We have outlined the various arduino boards available in the market for providing IoT solutions. Data visualisation is mapping of numbers or text to visual forms, something that is hardcore need of SNA. 3-D data visualization extends visual possibilities for data analysis and data scientists. It is an attempt to enrich IoT market with smart devices and even help the social data analyst to dig the new visualisation paradigm. Hope this survey will boost new and innovative IoT solutions using social analysis a key research background. V. References [ 1] Li, Shancang, Li Da Xu, Shanshan Zhao. "The internet of things: a survey," Information Systems Frontiers, pp. 1-17, 2014 [ 2] Perera, Charith, Chi Harold Liu Member, Srimal Jayawardena, Min Chen. "Context-aware Computing in the Internet of Things: A Survey on Internet of Things From Industrial Market Perspective," Computers and Society, Networking and Internet Architecture, 2015 [ 3] Twitter, Blog, [Online]. Available: [ 4] T. Sakaki, M. Okazaki and Y. Matsuo "Earthquake Shakes Twitter Users: Real-Time Event Detection by Social IEEE International Advance Computing Conference (IACC)

5 Sensors," Proceedings of the ACM 19th international conference on World wide web, pp , 2010 [ 5] Twitter, [Online]. Available: [ 6] Techcrunch. [Online]. Available: twitterpassed- 500m-user-in-june m-of-them-in-us-jakartabiggest-tweetingcity/ [ 7] M. Cha, H. Haddadi, F. Benevenuto, P.K. Gummadi, " Measuring user in uence in Twitter: The Million Follower Fallacy," Proceedings of International Conference on Web and Social Media, pp , 2010, [ 8] Raspberry pi, A minicomputer on board [Online]. Available: [ 9] Ninja Sphere, A smart home controller, [Online]. Available: [ 10] Arduino libraries, [Online]. Available: [ 11] Arduino Tweet Library, [Online]. Available: [ 12] Twitter Mood Light, [Online]. Available: The-Worlds-Mood-in-a-Box/ [ 13] Tasty Tweets, [Online]. Available [ 14] Twitter Enabled Coffee Pot, [Online]. Available: Enabled-Coffee-Pot/ [ 15] Tweety Button, [Online]. Available: [ 16] Twitter theft control, [Online]. Available: Ethernet-Sheild/ 2015 IEEE International Advance Computing Conference (IACC) 843