Pacific Risk Exposure Databases and Models. Pacific Disaster Risk Assessment

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1 PacificRiskExposureDatabasesand Models WorldBank:CatastropheRiskFinancingInitiative PhaseII ADB:RegionalPartnershipsforClimateChangeAdaptationandDisasterPreparedness PhilGlassey,PaoloBazzurro,MichaelBonteGrapentin, ChrisChiesa,OlivierMahul,EdyBrotoisworo,Phil Bright,DavidHeron,LiteaBiukoto,ToddBosse,Steven Clegg,BishwaPandey,JoyPapao,ScottPontifex,Susan Vocea PacificDisasterRiskAssessment RegionalDisasterImpactDatabase NationalandRegionalRiskExposureDatabases EarthquakeandCycloneHazardModels CountryspecificCatastropheRiskModels Hazard Assets Exposure Affected Assets Loss $$

2 PacificDisasterRiskAssessment Why? Dataallowsriskmodelling/profiling investigateriskfinancingoptions(suchaspacificdisaster ReserveFund) GuideinvestmentinDRRandCCA Reduceriskby avoidinghazardousareas planning avoidingvulnerabledesigns buildingpermittingandmonitoring Reducelossesby beingprepared respondingquicklyandappropriately Fifteencountriesconsidered ProjectCoverage CookIslands Fiji PapuaNew Guinea(PNG) Samoa Solomon Islands Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu Niue Nauru Federated Statesof Micronesia Marshall Islands Palau Kiribati TimorLeste Exposure:residential,commercial,industrial,publicassets,main infrastructure,majorcrops,population Perils:Earthquakes(shaking+tsunami)andTropicalCyclones (wind,surge,andrain)

3 HistoricalEarthquakes Palau Federated States of Micronesia Republic of Marshall Islands M8.14/1/2007 SolomonIslands 54fatalities 7,000homeless $3.0MMinaid Timor Leste Solomon Islands Nauru Kiribati Tuvalu M8.19/29/2009 SamoaandTonga 192fatalities 3,000homeless $3.5MMinaid Vanuatu Samoa Niue Tonga Cook Islands HistoricalTropicalCyclones Palau Federated States of Micronesia Republic of Marshall Islands Equator Nauru Kiribati Timor Leste Papua New Guinea Solomon Islands Tuvalu Vanuatu Fiji Samoa Niue Tonga Cook Islands

4 NumberOfEvents Earthquake Tropical Severe Cyclone Tsunami Local Flood Storm Landslide Total Surge Storm CookIslands FederatedStatesof Micronesia Fiji Kiribati MarshallIslands Nauru Niue Palau PapuaNewGuinea Samoa SolomonIslands TimorLeste Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu Total Major Sources Events Source Reference d EMDATCatalog 27% NGDC ssignificant EarthquakeDatabase MunichRe NatCatSERVICEDatabase 18% 31% AusAIDDatabase 21% PacificDisasterNet Database 34% Note: More than 20 sources looked at; some events have data from multiple sources Reported Data

5 Buildingfootprintcapture Buildingfootprints capturedfromvhr satelliteimagery Fieldcheckedwhen doingbuildingfield surveys SummaryBuildingFootprints ~ 340,000 buildings

6 Attributesbasedonlocalknowledge Country SummaryAssetSurvey Buildingsin Features % NoBuildings Largestandmostcomprehensivedatasetfor surveyareas surveyed PacificCities DisasterRiskManagementandClimate ChangeAdaptationevercollectedwithinthe PacificIslands CookIslands 8,282 5, Fiji 56,734 19, ,181 FSM Yap 2, Kiribati PapuaNewGuinea 68,642 13, Palau 5,575 1, Samoa 19,269 7, ,897 SolomonIslands 27,119 15, ,800 Tonga 19,960 10, ,754 Tuvalu Vanuatu 23,184 15, ,803 TOTAL 231,633 92, ,435

7 IncountrySurveys Thesurveyinvolves: Datapreparationanddevelopmappingprojectsinadvance Initialconsultationwithstakeholders Trainingofcounterpartstaff Fieldcampaignstocollectbuildingandinfrastructuredata,as wellasfieldcheckthedigitisingofbuildingfootprints Determiningotheravailabledata,negotiatingdataaccessand obtainingdata. DeterminingstatusofexistingMapserverinfrastructureand systems. Adebriefmeetingwithstakeholderstopresenttheresultsof thesurveysanddiscussdatause,maintenanceandsharing. TrainingandReferenceMaterial

8 FieldDataCollection Collectnewinformation Utiliseprepreparedmenus,hand helddevices,satelliteimageryand otherdigitalmapsandlocal counterparts Buildings Locationrepresentedas footprintandpoint Attributescapturedto characterizebuildinginterms ofuseandconstruction Usedtoestimate Fragility of buildingswhenexposedto earthquakeshaking tsunami cyclonicwind otherhazards

9 Transportation Roadsandbridges Airports,Wharves Utilities Electricity Water Communications

10 Otherdata Topography/Bathymetry Contoursandhydrology Keyforstormsurge,tsunami,and cyclonicwinds Geologyandsoils Keyforearthquakeshaking CensusData Attributescanbeextrapolatedusing similarbuildingtypecollectedbyfield work Usedtoestimatecasualties,human displacementetc CookIs GISData,Rarotonga

11 FSM YapState Major changes to building stock due to Typhoon Suudal SolomonIs. GISData, Honiara

12 Apia Vanuatu GISData,PortVila

13 Madang CoastalHazardAreas

14 Whatelsecanthisdatabeusedfor? Damageassessments Datacanbeusedtoassignandcalculatedamageto buildingsalreadylocatedandcharacterisedintermsof construction Handheldcomputerswith damage menupagescan providequickandconsistentdamagereports

15 Map Viewer

16 QA/QC Report Tool Web enabled Canbe usedasa building report

17 DataCollectionIssues Naturalhazards: CyclonePat,AitutakiCookIslands, CycloneUliaSolomonIslands, 3eruptingvolcanoesinVanuatu, Otherhazards Illhealth/disease Dogs 5dogbitesinall,3inSamoa Inconsistentassistancefromlocalcounterparts ReluctanceofGov tdepartmentstogiveaccesstodata Poorgeoreferencedimagery/lackofcontrolpoints Vehicledifficulties poorroads Communicationproblems Suspiciouspeople Challenges Sustainability Capacitydevelopmentwithincountriesto sustainandapplyproducts( not another datacollectionexercise ) Datasharingamongstagencies Developmentoftoolsandproductstomeet countryneeds BridgethegapfromSciencetoPolicy productsneedtoassistdevelopment plannersanddrm/ccapolicymakers

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