DESCENT. The Journal of the Society of Australian Genealogists. September 2015 Volume 45 Part 3

Transcription

1 DESCENT The Journal of the Society of Australian Genealogists September 2015 Volume 45 Part 3

2 OFFICE BEARERS PATRON-IN-CHIEF PATRON VICE-PATRONS PRESIDENT VICE-PRESIDENTS HONORARY SECRETARY HONORARY TREASURER DIRECTORS EXECUTIVE OFFICER His Excellency General the Honourable Sir Peter Cosgrove, AK, MC (Retd), Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia His Excellency General the Honourable David Hurley AC DSC (Ret d), Governor of New South Wales Richard d Apice, AM, KCSG, LLB (Fellow) Keith Johnson, AM, FRAHS, FSG, (Fellow) K.W. Knight, AM, M.Ec., Ph.D., ALAA, FIPAA (Fellow) Malcolm Sainty, AM, FSG, (Fellow) Martyn Killion, BA, Grad. Dip. App. Sci. Info., Dip. FHS (Fellow) Carole Riley, M.App.Sci. (PsychCoach), BSc, Dip. Prof. Couns., Dip. FHS Alison Wolf, B.A., Dip. Tech. Inf. Proc. (Fellow) Martyn Killion, BA, Grad. Dip. App. Sci. Info., Dip. FHS (Fellow) John Burke, PSM, BA, Dip. Lib., Dip. Archiv. Admin Melissa Hulbert, B.Sc. (Hons) Ian Johnson, B.Sc. (Hons), ICAEW, MAICD Megan Martin, M. Litt, BA (Hons), Grad. Dip. Lib. Sci., G/Dip. Aborig. Studies Michelle Nichols, OAM, MA, Grad. Dip. LAH, Dip. FHS Jeremy Palmer, BA (Hons), Dip. Gen. Janette Pelosi, BA (Hons) (Syd), Dip IM Lib, Dip IM ArchivAdmin, MPHA Philip Young, Assoc. Dip. Welfare Work Heather Garnsey, M.Litt, BA, Dip. FHS, FSG (Assoc.) (Fellow) HONORARY RESEARCH OFFICERS HONORARY MEMBERS HONORARY SOLICITORS Sue Comrie-Thomson, BA (Hons) Alan Jones, Dip. FHS Evan Best, OAM, MA (Syd), BA (Hons) (Tas), Dip. FHS (Fellow) Anthony Camp, MBE, BA, FSG (Hon) Mrs Patricia Gordon (Fellow) Errol Lea-Scarlett, BA, Dip.Ed., Dip.IM (Archives) (Fellow) Dr Perry McIntyre, M.Litt, B.Sc., Ph.D, Dip.Ed., G/Dip LAH, Dip FHS (Fellow) John K. McLaughlin, AM, BA, LLM (Fellow) Mrs Pauline Patterson (Fellow) Angela Phippen, BA (Hons), Grad. Dip. Lib. Sci. John Wilson (Fellow) Jan Worthington, NZRN, Dip.FHS (Fellow) Makinson & d Apice STAFF: Librarian Lorraine Brothers, BA, Grad Dip. App. Sci. Lib. Inf. Mgt. Archives Officer Ralph Hawkins (Fellow) # Bookshop Kathy Conroy # Office Assistant Marlene Scahill # Membership Officer Michelle Bailey Education Officer Danielle Lautrec, BA (Hons),Grad.Dip.Env.Stud., MPlan # # part-time

3 I DESCENT Volume 45 Part 3 September 2015 ISSN Honorary Editor: Carole Riley Contents Editorial 134 President s Page 135 How the Biographical Database of Australia Works: Finding Three John Bentleys 136 Restoration of the Browne Family Grave at Camperdown Cemetery Croker Prize for Biography Granny Greenhalgh (The 2015 Winner Board Prize & Members Choice in the Croker Prize for Biography) 159 DNA Inherited From Our Direct Maternal Line 163 Three Sydney Shopkeepers in the1870s 167 Notes & News 169 Education at SAG 172 Book Notes 174 Archival Anecdotes 177 Archive Spotlight 181 Recent Accessions Primary Records 185 Recent Accessions Library 186 Enquiries & Reunions 192 Contributions to Descent 195 In the Bookshop 196 Front Cover: Post card, The Entrance, Botany Bay, Sydney 2015 Society of Australian Genealogists (A.C.N ) Richmond Villa, 120 Kent Street, Sydney NSW 2000 Telephone (02) Facsimile (02) Internet: info@sag.org.au Opening Hours for the Collections: Library: Level 2/379 Kent Street, Sydney Open: Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday & Saturday 10.00am-4.00pm Telephone during library hours: (02) Manuscripts & Library stack: Richmond Villa, 120 Kent Street, Sydney Open: Thursday & Saturday 10.00am-4.00pm Ring (02) to make a booking This Society does not hold itself responsible for statements made or opinions expressed by authors of the papers published in this Journal. The Society cannot vouch for the accuracy of offers of services or goods that appear in the Journal, or be responsible for the outcome of any contract that may be entered into with an advertiser. All articles and items in this Journal are subject to copyright and may not be reproduced without the written permission of the Society. DESCENT September

4 Editorial In this issue we are proud to present the winner of the second annual Croker Prize for Biography. I will let the Committee Convenor, Janette Pelosi, reveal the results. If you have ancestors who were present in the early decades of the Colony of New South Wales then the Biographical Database of Australia is an essential tool for your research. Michael Flynn describes how he used the Database to disentangle the records of three men, all named John Bentley. Another member, Virginia Rundle, discovered a transcription of the headstone of her husband s convict ancestor in the Society s Camperdown Cemetery Transcriptions. Over the next few months Virginia and her husband worked with the Camperdown Cemetery Trust to repair and restore the dilapidated and dangerous grave, a satisfying experience for all concerned. Kerry Farmer continues her series on DNA research by explaining the facts and possibilities of maternal DNA research mitochondrial DNA passed through the maternal line from mothers to their children. This area of research has progressed significantly in recent years, and it is an avenue worth exploring. We continue the Archive Spotlight with the mystery of an incongruously gruesome image in a scrapbook of family photographs, and our Honorary Archivist, Megan Martin, has investigated the story behind three photographs of Sydney shopkeepers and their shops. There are so many stories in the Manuscript Collection, waiting to be uncovered by researchers if you have one we d love to hear it. It is a very great pleasure to present the research and the stories of members to you in the journal each quarter, and I am humbled by all the work that is being done. I d love to see more, please contact me at editor@sag.org.au Advertisements and Enquiries and Reunions notices should be sent to info@sag.org.au Carole Riley, Editor September DESCENT

5 President s Page The Society would not exist without you, our members. It is therefore essential that we keep pace with the way you conduct your research and with your expectations of what the Society can offer you. To that end, we always welcome suggestions for new services and activities. Please feel free to drop us a line! I am pleased to report that we are working on some new initiatives that will give invaluable assistance to many of you. You will have seen previous reports on our MIDAS online catalogue (Manuscript, Image & Digital Archive System) which is designed to increase access to our wonderful manuscript collection. When completed, the system will allow you to search online for a particular surname and then order files to inspect at Richmond Villa or to purchase electronic copies. The system has been the result of the tireless efforts of Vice-President Alison Wolf and her dedicated army of volunteers. As you read this, we are hoping that the rollout of the system to a small number of members will have commenced. Of course, an initiative of this scale and complexity will have its fair share of teething problems when it goes live. We are working to iron out those issues now before we formally launch the system to you all. With this issue of Descent, you will see our flyer for this year s Annual Appeal Buried Treasures. The Society has an extraordinarily rich collection of cemetery records. This comprises photos, transcriptions, histories and other records such as undertakers notebooks. The aim of this year s Appeal is to raise funds to digitally preserve and make accessible this material. I encourage you all to support the Appeal and ensure that this material becomes a great resource for researchers far and wide. And finally our annual Lost In seminar this year will be a somewhat different affair. For the first time, the seminar will be a virtual one comprising a number of webinars and online presentations. This will make this two-day event accessible to a much wider audience than ever before and you will be able to attend from the comfort of your own home all you ll need is an internet connection. Look out for more details in this issue of Descent and on our website shortly. It promises to be one of the most exciting events in the Society s education program! Martyn C.H. Killion DESCENT September

6 H o w t h e B i o g r a p h i c a l D a t a b a s e o f A u s t r a l i a W o r k s : f i n d i n g t h r e e J o h n B e n t l e y s By Michael Flynn (Member) As the 19 th century progressed, the first settler Australians began to age and die off. In a society made up overwhelmingly of young immigrants, old people were an oddity. Few old Aboriginal people survived the first decades of colonisation. The last known convict, marine or marine s wife who had arrived on the First Fleet as an adult in 1788 died in A few child arrivals lived longer, and occasionally a newspaper claim would emerge from a very old person or their family that they were the last survivor of the First Fleet. These claims can now be subjected to forensic examination using modern research tools. In 1854 George Whittel (Whittle) claimed while giving evidence in a court case that he had been born at Camp Cove in Sydney Harbour the day after his father arrived as a soldier on 26 January 1788 with the First Fleet on HMS Sirius. The ageing human memory can be as fallible as it can be inventive. He and his parents had actually arrived with a contingent of the New South Wales Corps on the Royal Admiral in His erroneous claim was widely reported in contemporary newspapers and found its way into books, including Manning Clark s History of Australia. Even in 2015 it is still to be found in poorly researched school curriculum material for the First Fleet. John Dell, carte de visite photography by W. Paul Dowling, c ? Launceston, Tasmania Joyce Evans collection September DESCENT

7 In 1866 John Dell (pictured) claimed to be aged 102 and to have arrived as a 25 year old soldier on the First Fleet in He actually arrived as a New South Wales Corps soldier on the Second Fleet transport Neptune in 1790 and was really in his mid-nineties in In 1863 Michael Norton told a Sydney court: that he was 103 years old, and arrived in the colony in the first fleet under Governor Phillip. He had not been in Sydney since 1791, but all this time had resided in the bush. 1 The wizened and perhaps prematurely aged Norton s claim seemed dubious to some contemporaries, though it was also widely publicised. He is likely to have been a convict who arrived much later, in 1819, and rather than being born in 1760 he seems likely to have been born around Whatever the truth behind them, these claims helped create an image of the early colony in Australian popular culture and the historical imagination. On 19 February 1863 the Queanbeyan Age and General Advertiser published a story headlined THE OLDEST MARRIED COUPLE IN THE WORLD which stated: There are living at Marulan, in this colony, two persons, husband and wife, aged respectively 111 and 107 years. The old man is step-father to Mr. O'Neil, publican and wheelwright, at Marulan, and the old woman is his second wife. The former has entered upon his 112th year, and the latter upon her 108th. They both reside with Mr. O'Neill, and have done so for many years. They are extremely feeble and bedridden, but are in possession of both sight and hearing. They were able to move about until lately, and formerly were extremely active in their habits. The following week the old couple died within three days of one another. Under the heading Death of the oldest man in the colony the Empire newspaper reported: John Bentley came out to this colony in the first fleet, in the ship Scarborough, Captain Marshall, at the same time as Captain Phillip, first Governor of the colony. This was in His poor old wife, Margaret, is now at the point of death. She, I understand, was nine years junior to her husband. They lived together in married life for forty years, and will lie together in the same grave; and be buried within a day or two of each other. She came from Belfast, and was mother of three children at the time of the rebellion in Ireland. DESCENT September

8 The Biographical Database of Australia (BDA) can be used to verify the accuracy of this claim and similar claims, and to determine exactly when Mr and Mrs Bentley arrived in Australia and whether they arrived as convicts or free settlers. Three John Bentleys A BDA search under the name John Bentley (and spelling variant Bently) reveals no First Fleeter, but calls up index entries for three early arrivals of this name: BENTLEY, John (b: circa 1771); 1790 [1791] per William & Ann [L# ] BENTLEY, John (d: 1824 Newcastle NSW AUS); 1790 NSW per Neptune (Convict) [B# ] BENTLEY, John 1792 NSW per Pitt (Convict) [B# ] John Bentley of Ockbrook, Derbyshire per William and Ann 1791 (c1771?-1863) Clicking on the first of the three names, John Bentley arriving on the ship William and Ann, reveals an immediate, if partial, answer. BDA, as configured in August 2015, has linked entries to form a Biographical Report for a John Bentley listed as a free man in the Windsor (Hawkesbury) District in 1814, identified as having arrived in the colony on the ship William and Ann. This first record is linked to two later records because they identify him by the same ship of arrival. The L# number is assigned to this set of linked records on BDA because record of arrival had not been identified when those links were made (B# numbers signify the confirmation of a ship of arrival or birth record). The 1825 muster lists him as a former convict free by servitude working as a sawyer in the Liverpool District. The 1828 census lists him as a Protestant aged 57, a householder [meaning he owned his own house by lease or freehold] at Liverpool and still working as a sawyer. He signed the census return with his X mark and was recorded living with his wife Margaret, who had arrived as a convict on the ship Elizabeth in 1818 and John O Neill, aged 14, who had arrived on the same ship as Margaret. Clearly this is the same John O Neill who was caring for his elderly mother and stepfather in September DESCENT

9 But when did John Bentley arrive as a convict? Why does he not appear on BDA as a convict of this name on the indents of the William and Ann, one of the ships of the Third Fleet, which actually reached Sydney in 1791? A marriage for the couple is not immediately evident, even using soundex search. The answer lies in BDA s hyperlinking function to other persons mentioned in a record. The 1828 census entry for John Bentley on BDA bears the tag list all persons under Margaret s name which includes a hyperlink to her own Biographical Report (also reachable via the symbol in the Group column on the left). Her own report includes a link to her indent record as Margaret Coulter and her 1822 muster entry listing her as the wife of J Bately. This quickly reveals the marriage at Liverpool in 1821 of John Bately and Margaret Coultar, both of whom signed with their X marks (a full transcript of the entry is included on BDA). Margaret Coulter (born c1774) convicted in County Down, Ireland, in 1817 is on the indents of the Elizabeth transport. Belfast, where the 1863 article says she was from, borders County Down. She appears to have been the wife, de facto or legal, of a man in Ireland named O Neill, who gave his surname to her son, who accompanied her to New South Wales, aged about four. She was one of many convicts who left children behind in Britain and Ireland. The Irish Rebellion took place in 1798, when she was in her mid-twenties, so the claim that she had three children by then is credible if she married in her late teens. The son John O Neill who sailed with her was probably the youngest of her progeny by several partners. She is glimpsed once in the colony s newspapers in a report on Magistrate s Court civil cases heard at Liverpool in 1827 which may suggest she possessed a fiery Irish temper: Margaret Bently, appeared by summons to answer a complaint preferred against her, for making use of grossly abusive and indecent language, too shocking to report. She was therefore bound over to keep the peace for six months, to all his Majesty's liege subjects. 2 Bately with the n missing will not be generated on a soundex search for Bentley. This explains why he was missing and quickly leads to the identification of his first arrival record derived from the convict indent of the William and Ann, which is already linked to the spelling Bately and Bateley given for him at the 1811 and 1822 musters: BATELY, John 1791 NSW per William & Ann (Convict) [B# ] His indent record states that he was tried as John Battaley at the 13 April 1790 Derby Quarter Sessions and received a sentence of transportation for DESCENT September

10 seven years, reaching New South Wales in the William and Ann on 28 August Battaley, Bately and Bateley are close enough to be jointly found on a soundex search. In The Fatal Shore Robert Hughes ridiculed the popular legend that numerous Australian convicts were transported for poaching. 3 He was correct in stating that the number of Australian convicts transported for this offence was infinitesimally small. But by chance the venerable ex-convict of 1863 had indeed been transported for poaching. The Derby Mercury published details of his conviction on its front page on 15 April 1790: DERBYSHIRE. A PARTICULAR of the CONVICTIONS returned by his Majesty's Justices of the Peace to the General Quarter Sessions, held for the said County, at Derby, the 13th Day of April, JAMES BATTELLE, of Ockbrooke, Framework-knitter, for keeping and using at the Parish of Spondon, a certain Engine called a Gun, to kill and destroy the Game. The newspaper misprinted his given name, but this was clearly the man transported. The confusion may have arisen because a James Battelle, probably an older relative, was recorded in 1787 as an Ockbrook resident acting as licensed gamekeeper for the Manor of Risley and Breaston. 4 Ockbrook is a village about 8km (five miles) south east of Derby. From all this we can draw several inferences about John Bentley (aka Bately, Bateley, Battaley and Battelle). He was illiterate and therefore uncertain or easygoing about the spelling of his surname. The confusion may have been compounded by a thick regional accent when he gave his name to clerks at the quarter sessions, when in gaol, on board ship and at colonial musters. A muster was an annual event in the penal colonies, and could sometimes be held several times a year. They were similar to a census except that instead of an enumerator coming to a household, all residents (except the military) were required to muster or attend a designated public building in each district at which clerks would record details of their name, ship of arrival, status, occupation, residence, family members etc. These records form the core of early colonial population records in Australia. The surviving musters for NSW, Norfolk Island and Tasmania for and the 1828 census of NSW form one of the most complete census-like set of records for an entire society, rivalled only by the meticulous records of republican France and the British West Indian slave colonies. He alternated as Bentley, Bately and Bateley in the musters and other records, appearing as Bately when sent to Norfolk Island on the Pitt in He may have pronounced it something like Baintley. His sentence expired September DESCENT

11 in 1797, but in 1798 he was sentenced to death for an offence committed on the island (details of the crime have not yet been traced) but was reprieved to a sentence of transportation to Norfolk Island for 14 years. 6 He was still on Norfolk Island in 1805, but the island was being progressively evacuated from about 1807 and he was back on the mainland as Bately by His 14 year sentence expired in 1812 and by 1814 he was an unattached landholder in the Hawkesbury District. By 1822 (as Bateley) he was at Liverpool working as a sawyer (one who saws wood). His teenage apprenticeship as a framework knitter in the Midlands cloth industry had given him trade skills suitable for employment as a sawyer in the colony. As a free man he seems to have led a quiet steady working life which enabled the couple to buy property, in spite of the technical impediment of attaint affecting convicts who had received a death sentence. The validity of their title to land and houses was subjected to some legal uncertainty at this period, though in colonial practice many convicts were allowed to buy, own and sell property. At some point prior to 1828 Bentley and his wife purchased an allotment between Bathurst and Castlereagh Streets in the town of Liverpool, on which they probably built a house and which they conveyed by an instrument of lease and release in When he appeared at the 1825 muster Bentley gave 1790 as his year of arrival. The incorrect date is probably the product of his own vague memory of the year, which the clerks did not bother to check or correct. It was near enough. Names of people and ships and years of arrival given verbally at musters were often recorded incorrectly. Errors were usually as a result of miscommunication, misunderstanding, vagueness, thick dialect, illiteracy on the part of an informant or sloppiness, poor hearing or inattention on the part of a clerk, or a combination of these factors. As configured in August 2015, this batch of John Bentley s records (the 1814, 1825 musters and 1828 census are linked under the number L# The index entry and header of the Biographical Report picks up the name of ship and year of arrival automatically from their first appearance in the timeline of records - in this case the incorrect year All these Bentley, Bately, Bateley and Battaley variants will now be linked under his convict indent record with the correct year of arrival, 1791 [B# ]. The arrival or birth record of an Australian (if available) is the primary source to which all other records are linked on BDA. With no way of determining the correct spelling of this illiterate man s surname, the most common form occurring in the colony (Bentley) is followed here as a standard for convenience. But BDA indexes all variant surname forms appearing in the original sources. DESCENT September

12 When a series of muster entries are linked to an arrival record on BDA the correct year of arrival is programmed to automatically assume precedence. The clerks who compiled the musters had their own set of indent records against which the musters could be cross-checked if required (and if time allowed) to trace a person or pinpoint discrepancies or problems. Colonial record keepers used the ship of arrival as a unique identifier for each individual. BDA is progressively using this key means of identification to link arrivals and their progeny. The system allowed clerks to detect errors and misleading or false statements made at musters. For the 1828 census Bentley gave 1788 as the year of the William and Ann s arrival. Like many convicts who had arrived during the term of the first governor, Arthur Phillip ( ), he had come to identify with the First Fleeters. As he grew older a story he would have told about arriving in Phillip s time morphed into a story about arriving with Phillip on the First Fleet itself in By 1863 the name of one of the First Fleet ships, Scarborough, and its captain, John Marshall (by then well-known from books and newspapers mentioning the First Fleet), had become attached to John Bentley s story. The onset of dementia may have contributed to delusions of this kind, just as it often led poorly educated elderly people to exaggerate their ages as they grew older. Claimed to be 111 in February 1863 (born c1752), Bentley was actually nearer 92 if the age 57 (born c1771) he gave for the November 1828 census was correct. Thus the young poacher of 1790 was probably aged about Busy journalists often fail to check facts. A quick enquiry to John O Neill by the journalist of 1863 asking his age (about 50) would have raised alarm bells about O Neill s mother supposedly giving birth to him at 58. But other statements in the articles are almost correct. Margaret was indeed about 3-4 years younger than her husband and they had been married for 42 years (close enough to 40). John Bentley s lifespan from about 1771 to 1863 was an impressive achievement for the time and he had lived to see enormous changes from the infant penal colony of 1791 to the age of railways in the 1860s. John Bentley of Stamford and Peterborough, Northamptonshire per Neptune 1790 (c1764?-1824) BDA allows the first John Bentley to be distinguished from the other two early convicts of this name. The man arriving per Neptune 1790 and sentenced to 14 years transportation in 1789 was named as John Hanley (alias William Bentley or John Hankey) on the indent. He was then aged about September DESCENT

13 Bentley and William Atkins had been arrested in London and charged with escaping from custody after being arrested on a charge of sacrilege. A magistrate, Charles Triquet, committed them to the New Prison at Clerkenwell in London. A writ of Habeas Corpus and a court order were obtained and both were sent from Newgate in London to Peterborough Gaol, where one or both of them had been held previously. Their removal, with a guard of ten mounted men, cost the sheriffs of London and Middlesex the huge sum of 48. London newspapers reported that the pair had been recaptured after breaking out of Peterborough Gaol. The sacrilege charge related to the burglary of St Martin s Church of England at Stamford Baron, which still stands in High Street St Martins on the south side of the town of Stamford. They were accused of stealing a surplice, communion cloth and some napkins from the church. They were also charged with breaking into Mr Fothergill s silk mills at Stamford, stealing goods to a considerable value. St Martin s church, though on the edge of Stamford, was on the Northamptonshire side of the county border and fell within the jurisdiction of Peterborough authorities 23km (14 miles) away. 9 Two accomplices named Salt and Hinton were also arrested and turned King s evidence. All four men had reportedly been together on the same hulk at Woolwich on the Thames for previous offences. Based on the evidence of another accomplice who had turned King s evidence, Bentley was additionally charged with participating in a burglary at Bath the previous year for which three associates, Charles Frost, Patrick McCann and John Collins had been executed at Gloucester. Atkins and Bentley were tried at Peterborough on 22 April 1789 and sentenced to transportation for fourteen years. On 7 May a Peterborough official described them as desperate, saying they had made several attempts to break out of gaol. He complained of the expense of maintaining a two-man 24 hour guard and asked that they be sent to the hulks. By one of history s coincidental quirks, all three John Bentleys travelled on the Pitt (one from England to Sydney and two from Sydney to Norfolk Island). Always recorded as John Bentl(e)y in the colony, on 7 April 1792 he was among nine men and a woman who stowed away on the Pitt sailing from Sydney for Norfolk Island and India. The other John Bentley (as Bately) arrived on the island on the same voyage legitimately as a convict transferred from Sydney. The stowaways were discovered and disembarked at Norfolk Island. 10 The Neptune man was still on the island in 1805, described as a landholder. He moved to Tasmania where he was granted 34 acres at Clarence Plains in Convicted of sheep stealing near Hobart in 1818, he was transported to Newcastle, where he was murdered in The Sydney DESCENT September

14 Gazette reported on the trial of the man convicted of his strange and senseless murder, which came to light on the basis of the evidence of a concerned Aboriginal man: 13 John Bentley, a shepherd in the vicinity of the settlement of Newcastle. It appeared by the testimony of Robert Sears, an accomplice that the prisoners and himself were in company on the way from Patrick's Plains to Newcastle; that, when within a few miles of the settlement, the prisoner Colville and the witness passed a hut occupied by Bentley, the deceased, leaving behind Fitzpatrick and a black native. That when about 60 yards ahead of Fitzpatrick, the witness heard the report of a musket. Upon Fitzpatrick coming up, the witness Sears enquired the cause of his discharging his piece at-that time, it being in the night:- the reply elicited was, that he had been shooting at a dog ; and here, for the moment, further enquiry dropped. On their arrival at Newcastle, however, the native and the witness Sears were at the house of a constable, named Young, when the black-man expressed vast sorrow for what had been done by Fitzpatrick, whom he, the native, then impeached with the death of "Old John," meaning unfortunate Bentley, the deceased. Further enquiry became instantly instituted, and the information given by the native proved to be too true! In the presence of the gaoler at Newcastle, it was also proved, that Fitzpatrick acknowledged to the discharge of the musket, which had occasioned the death of Bentley; at the same time exculpating the witness Sears, and adding that the musket went off accidently. There was corroborative testimony of the fact, that the prisoner Fitzpatrick did fire the gun, and that the deceased met with death in consequence. The Members retired after the charge of His Honor the Chief Justice, and were occupied nearly an hour in the jury-room, when a verdict of Guilty was returned against the first prisoner, Cornelius Fitzpatrick, and Not Guilty against Thomas Colville. John Bentley of Swinton & Eccles near Manchester, Lancashire per Pitt 1792 (c1773?-1823) The third John Bentley (B# ) was transported to New South Wales on the same Pitt transport, arriving in February 1792, aged about 18. He remained on the mainland and did not go on to Norfolk Island. Soon after he disembarked at Sydney the other two John Bentleys already in the colony went on board the same ship bound for Norfolk Island (one legitimately, the other as a stowaway). September DESCENT

15 The third man had been tried at the 22 April 1791 Lancaster Assizes for burgling Mrs Margaret Hall s house at Monton near Eccles and Manchester and stealing clothes. The presiding judge, Baron Alexander Thomson, sentenced him to death along with four other men. A newspaper quoted the sentencing speech to the men which Thomson delivered in so solemn and awful a manner that his own feelings were very visibly affected, and which drew down commisserating tears of pity from a crowded court, for the unhappy situation of the poor criminals : 14 Unhappy prisoners, You have severally been convicted of offences for which your lives are justly forfeited to the injured laws of your country. You have filled the measure of your iniquities, and the end of these things is death. Commiserating, as I do from my heart, the dreadful situation in which you stand as men without hope in this life, I cannot but exhort you most seriously to prepare for your entrance into that state which will never know an end. Many and grievous have been the offences committed by you upon your fellow-subjects; more I fear, have been those committed against your God. Before him are you soon to appear, to give an account of all actions done in the body. Some of you I perceive weep may God grant that those tears may be symptoms of that godly sorrow which worketh repentance, for then the sorrowing sighing of a prisoner shall come before God, and according to the goodness of his nature preserve you from the bitter pains of eternal death. To his dear and tender mercy I devoutly recommend you. Hear then the sentence that the laws of men pronounce upon your crimes:- That you be taken from hence, to the place from whence you came, and from thence to the place of execution, and there to be severally hanged by the neck until you are dead, and may the Lord have mercy up on your souls! After passing sentence the judge recommended Bentley and two of the other men to the London authorities for a reprieve to a commuted sentence of transportation. The two remaining men were hanged at Lancaster about a fortnight after sentence was passed. A Cumberland newspaper recorded the event: 15 Saturday last, at five o'clock in the evening, Thomas Barrow, for horse-stealing, and William Maddocks, for a burglary, were executed at Lancaster, pursuant to their sentence at the last assizes. Barrow was about thirty years of age, a native of Eccles, near Manchester. Maddocks was only twenty one years of age, native of Bilston Staffordshire. Both of them acknowledged the justice of their sentence, declared their forgiveness of their prosecution, and appeared to have a proper sense of their situation. After remaining the usual time in prayer, they were launched into eternity, furnishing DESCENT September

16 other melancholy instances of the dreadful effects of indulging inordinate passion for unlawful acquirements. BDA contains an abstract of a document received by the Colonial Secretary in 1820 (probably drafted in 1819) in which Bentley requests a land grant in the Kingsgrove area. The document has not been digitized by Ancestry.com.au as of August 2015, but its contents are available on microfiche in libraries and archives. 16 In this document Bentley declared [in 1819] that he had arrived in the colony on the ship Pitt twenty seven years since, had served in the New South Wales Corps, transferring [with the 73 rd regiment] to Ceylon (Sri Lanka) whence he travelled to England and obtained a discharge and army pension before returning to the colony about two and a half years since. The military were exempted from the colony s muster and census records. As a result they tend to go under the radar and can be easily missed by researchers. BDA is progressively adding records of soldiers from pay lists and other archives so they can be seen side by side with their civilian counterparts of the same name. Transcripts on BDA of Bentley s service in both regiments indicate that he was a weaver by trade born in Swinton, Lancashire (within 5km of the scene of his 1790 crime) and had joined the NSW Corps at Sydney in The corps regularly recruited young convicts to keep up its strength as men died or were discharged. He was stationed at Cabramatta in 1808, joined the incoming 73 rd Regiment when the New South Wales Corps was withdrawn in 1810 and sailed with the 73 rd to Ceylon in There is no surviving record of a conditional pardon from his life sentence granted to him on joining the regiment in 1798 as a convict. Possibly not all records of pardons have survived. He is probably the John Bentley granted an absolute pardon in These documents, combined with the 1820 memorial document requesting a land grant, allow him to be readily identified as the man shown on the 1822 muster as a landholder in the Liverpool District with a wife Jane and three sons who had come with him to the colony on the Shipley in A grant of 80 acres registered in the name of John Bentley on 30 June 1823 was in modern Campsie, then in the land district of Botany Bay in an area already known as Kingsgrove (then larger than the present suburb). As a condition of the grant he was required to clear and cultivate 18 acres within five years and not to sell or let the land within that time. The government reserved the right to make public roads through the land and to take timber required for naval purposes. 18 September DESCENT

17 For the purposes of a muster the Liverpool district extended over a huge area, including Campbelltown, Camden and Bankstown, and all the land south of the Hume Highway and Cooks River as far as the west shore of Botany Bay. Bentley s grant was closer to Sydney, but the Bentley family was required to trek a greater distance west to Liverpool for the musters. Their farm, bounded by Cooks River on the east, modern Clissold Street, Campsie to the north and Beamish Street and Campsie Railway Station on the west, appears as portion 77 on the map of what soon came to be known as the land parish of St George by the late 1820s. John Bentley s burial was registered at Sydney on 1 December 1823, age given as 50. The parish register does not indicate whether he was buried on his farm (which was allowed for landowners in the early 19 th century) or in the City of Sydney s main cemetery in Elizabeth and Devonshire Streets. Though his ship of arrival and occupation are not given in the burial register, he may be identified with some confidence on the basis of his age and two petitions from his sons for additional grants in 1824 mentioning that their father the former soldier was deceased. A probate record has survived. 19 In addition, a Lands Department document indicates that Jane Bentley conveyed the grant to William Faulkner for 35 on 15 December 1824, a year after her husband s death. 20 A disparate collection of records relating to this man on BDA can now be linked. His widow Jane moved to Sussex Street in the city, where she died in 1827, buried from the parish of St James as Jane Bently, age given as 60 and identified by her last ship of arrival, the Shipley, placing her birth around She must have arrived in the colony as an adult, but whether as a convict or soldier s wife has not been confirmed. Nor has her marriage to Bentley been located. He must be the John Bentley who married Margaret Burn at Parramatta in 1797, but she had left him for another man soon after 1800 and disappears from colonial records after His second partner Jane s identity remains a mystery, but may emerge from future database analysis. John and Jane Bentley s three sons William Bentley (1802), John Bentley (1806) and James Bentley (1810) had all been born in the colony but no baptism record has survived (except for an adult baptism for William at the age of 40 in 1843 by a Methodist minister at West Maitland. They travelled to Ceylon in 1814 with their parents, went to England and returned to the colony in Some marriage and baptism records from the period are missing (in part because the Rev Samuel Marsden was a poor record keeper and short staffed). They may have avoided marrying because he was already married and may have chosen not to marry or have their children baptised because they were not religious or not Anglicans. DESCENT September

18 Baptism of William Bently as an adult 1843 Courtesy Registry of Births, Deaths and Marriages NSW If not for their return to the colony in 1816, the relationship with Jane from at least 1802 and the births of their children would have been invisible in terms of being recorded and traceable. BDA is enhancing the information and fact checking facilities of Georgian and Victorian bureaucracies in a 21 st century computer and internet environment. The transcripts can be used in conjunction with and checked against online indexes, microfilmed and original records held by state archives, state libraries and digitized records on Ancestry.com.au and Findmympast.com.au, the digitized newspapers on the National Library of Australia s Trove website and the British Library s digitized newspaper archives, all of which provide useful crosschecks, indexes and original documents. A unique feature of BDA is its ability to help locate individuals like the three John Bentleys who are difficult to find because of illiteracy, clerical errors, spelling variants, quirks in the records and other impediments, those brick walls in the research process. BDA contains thousands of puzzles like these which remain to be solved. NOTES: 1. George Whittel, The Courier (Hobart) 17 April 1854 p 3, The Empire, 21 January 1862 p 5; 4 May 1866 p 5; John Dell, Sydney Morning Herald 10 July 1866 p 5; Michael Norton, Freeman's Journal 20 May 1863 p Sydney Gazette 6 June 1827 p Robert Hughes, The Fatal Shore, Vintage 2003, 170. September DESCENT

19 4. Derby Mercury 11 October 1787 p His arrival on the island is recorded on the Norfolk Island Victualling Book , another dataset coming soon to BDA. 6. Pardon at Ancestry.com.au, New South Wales, Australia, Convict Registers of Conditional and Absolute Pardons, , SRNSW NRS 1160, Register of colonial pardons 4/4493; when he applied for permission to marry Margaret Coulter in 1821 she was described as a convict, he as a free person, SRNSW Col Sec index, Indexes online, BATELY, John, 1821 Sep 30, Oct 5, re permission to marry at Liverpool (Reel 6008; 4/3504 p 409). 7. Ancestry.com.au, New South Wales, Australia, Land Grants, , John Bently, instrument of lease and release 1836 John and Margaret Bently to John Payne Lloyd, Registers of memorials for land (Dec 1835-Feb 1836 vol 23). 8. John Bentley alias John Hanley is marked incorrectly an indent record (SZ115) as dead on the voyage - the annotation was struck out. 9. British newspapers (British Library, accessible via SLNSW website) Whitehall Evening Post 10, 27 January 1789; Gazetteer and New Daily Advertiser 23 January 23, 1789; Public Advertiser January 29, John Cobley, Sydney Cove , A & R 1965, p Ancestry.com.au, New South Wales, Australia, Land Grants, , Archives Office of Tasmania, copies of land grants issued John Bentley in Michael Flynn, The Second Fleet: Britain s grim convict armada of 1790 (1993) with recent additions for future revised edition. 13. Sydney Gazette 24 June 1824 p British Library, British newspapers , E Johnson's British Gazette and Sunday Monitor (London), Sunday, April 17, 1791; British newspaper archive, Manchester Mercury 29 March 1791 p 4; Cumberland Pacquet, and Ware's Whitehaven Advertiser 5 April 1791 p 2; 19 April 1791 p 3; reprieve at TNA HO 47/13/4 ff Cumberland Pacquet, and Ware's Whitehaven Advertiser 19 April 1791 p SRNSW Colonial Secretary Papers, 4/1823 No 48 fiche SRNSW John Bentley, Absolute Pardon 4 Jun 1803 [4/4486; Reel 800 Page 011]. 18. State records of NSW, Indexes and registers of land grants and leases John Bently [sic] Botany Bay /449 vol , digitized online at Ancestry.com.au, New South Wales, Australia, Land Grants, SRNSW Early probate index, BENTLEY John 1825 Botany Bay NRS [6/4187]. 20. The instrument dated 15 December 1824 was registered on 6 October 1838, Registrar General, Deeds, NRS Registers of memorials for land , May-Aug 1838 Vol 5 V5089, digitized online at New South Wales, Australia, Land Grants, [labelled by Ancestry as Registration Branch Registers of Memorials , possibly in error, indexed under the name Tom Bentley, which is a transcription error for Jane Bentley]. For more information see Michael Flynn MA Dip FHS is a Sydney historian and author of The Second Fleet: Britain's Grim Convict Armada of 1790 (1993/2001) and Settlers and Seditionists: the people of the convict ship Surprize 1794 (1994). He is preparing a revised edition of Founders (1989), Mollie Gillen s biographical dictionary of the First Fleet, to be published by Biographical Database of Australia, for which he is Honorary Research Officer. DESCENT September

20 R e s t o r a t i o n o f t h e B r o w n F a m i l y G r a v e a t C a m p e r d o w n C e m e t e r y By Virginia Rundle (Member) William Brown was the great-great-great grandfather of my husband Geoffrey Rundle, and no part of my family history has given me more interest or challenge than the Brown family. The story of William Brown culminates with the restoration of the Brown Family Grave at Camperdown Cemetery, but actually started from a point where my husband had difficulty naming his own grandparents, as all but his maternal grandmother had died many years before he was born. William Brown was tried and convicted for uttering and forging notes at the Old Bailey, London, on 12 September 1821, and was sentenced to death at the age of 16. William s death sentence was commuted to life, and he was transported with 191 other male passengers aboard the Asia, arriving in Sydney on 24 June I admire William Brown, for his 'convict made good story in the tough world of Sydney's markets and wharves, now known as Darling Harbour. A self-made man, he clearly loved his family, his home Wimbledon Hall in Surry Hills, and his new status as a timber merchant. He found a forgiving Sydney, where money talked and where it didn t matter where you came from as long as you were law abiding, and had all the trappings and the appearance of success. In this respect William Brown was a new man in the Colony of New South Wales. I collected many clippings from early Australian newspapers for the Brown Family, proudly announcing each child born to William and his wife, Mary Brown. Mary was born in Sydney on 12 September 1815, the daughter of convicts George Faughtley Wright of the Somersetshire who arrived in May 1814, and Mary Jones of the Broxbournebury, who arrived in July Scouring convict transportation indents, musters, registers of conditional and absolute pardons, colonial secretary s correspondence and registers of convicts applications to marry, I started to piece their lives together, revealing a large family, with many of their children and grandchildren living in their large home. Wimbledon Hall had a circular driveway and gardens spreading over an entire city block, with many servants and a stable of horses and carriages. Wimbledon Hall was demolished in the late 1800s. Wimbledon Park at South Dowling Street now marks the spot where the house once stood. September DESCENT

21 William Brown was well known as a generous benefactor and popular figure around Sydney. Many other newspaper clippings announced the Brown s deaths and funerals. It was then that I established a connection with the family to Camperdown Cemetery. In July 1864 William was injured in a carriage accident at the gates of his home, and he died several days later from a tetanus infection, and was buried at Camperdown Cemetery. Camperdown was originally owned by Governor William Bligh, who was granted 240 acres of farming and residential lands in Sydney s inner west, near Newtown. Camperdown was named after the British Naval success, The Battle of Camper Down, on 11 October 1797, in which Captain Bligh took part, and fought against the Dutch during the French Revolutionary Wars. The land then passed to William Bligh s daughter Mary, her second husband Sir Maurice O Connell, who died in 1848, was the first person to be buried in Camperdown Cemetery. A large group of business men, concerned that Devonshire Cemetery, now the site of Central Railway, was running out of space, purchased twelve and a half acres of land from O Connell to establish Camperdown Cemetery. My early research on Camperdown Cemetery found that the cemetery had been reduced in size by 75% in The cemetery area closest to St Stephens Church, which included a circular carriage way, was preserved and walled, and a Camperdown Memorial Rest Park was created outside the cemetery. Many surviving headstones were removed from the designated park area, and placed inside the perimeter wall at this time, to preserve them. Interestingly St Stephens Church is often regarded as one of the finest churches built by Edmund Blackett, whose grave can be found close to the southern door of the church. On 16 January 2013 I visited the Society of Australian Genealogist s Research Library, where the librarian most apologetically explained that the computer system had just crashed, and amusingly she announced that now would be a good time for everyone to get their heads out of their computers and look at all the valuable research documents and books on the shelves of the library. I decided to search the Camperdown Cemetery Transcriptions of , which had been recorded at the time the cemetery was reduced in size. As I perused the document I came across a transcription naming William Brown and his large and extended family, listed below, describing the grave as a fenced monument with a vault. Plot 390 x 3 Iron Rail surround to vault Brown, Henry, death 28 Mar 1854 aged 5 Wright, George F, grandfather of above death 4 Sep 1859 aged 67 DESCENT September

22 Brown William Mr father of above Henry Brown, Leaving an affectionate wife and 13 children to mourn their loss death 11 Jul 1864 Aged 60 Brown, Emma Elizabeth, dau of above Wm. Brown, 12 May 1885 aged 35 George R S, son of Wm and Mary Brown died 18 Dec 1902 aged 17 Brown, William died 11 Jul 1864 aged 60 Brown Mary, wife of the above Wm. Brown, b 12 Sep 1815 died 25 Aug 1888 aged 73 It was one of those incredible moments in family research that left me astonished and thrilled. I had stumbled across something so significant for our family that I was gripped with the need to visit Camperdown Cemetery immediately, however, the lateness of the day meant I would just have to wait one more day. The following morning dawned warm and sunny, the excitement built as my husband and I approached the cemetery, with our faithful terrier, Roy, as always, ready for an expedition. The magnificence of this cemetery, where huge trees protect and shade the graves, and allow only dappled sunlight to filter through the branches, is enchanting. It is not hard to completely fall for this astonishingly beautiful place right in the middle of busy Sydney. This sanctuary, is where one can find peace and solitude in reflection. Below is my diary entry: "Geoff and I visited Camperdown Cemetery on 17 January 2013, where we quickly located the monument grave of the Browns, by the very fact that it was indicated by the SAG description that the metal fence was still standing. It was close to the church under some shady trees and bordered the main circular driveway. It is a sarcophagus styled grave monument carved in heavy sandstone blocks with shields bearing the ancestor names. The covering plinth top of the sarcophagus has writing on the top but will need a rubbing to decipher the rather worn and moss covered wording, to confirm the SAG description. The grave is in terrible disrepair and there are openings right down to the burial chamber. It is in a rather dangerous condition, bordering on unstable. Photos were taken to record the grave and we are hoping that we can read the inscriptions from them." September DESCENT

23 Our next visit to Camperdown cemetery was to attend a Camperdown cemetery tour a few Sundays later in February, where we met our guide Jenna Weston, from the Camperdown Cemetery Trust (CCT). Afterwards we spoke at length about the Brown Grave, and our anxiety regarding the dangerous state of the grave. She agreed, and over the next few months Geoff and I decided that we would like to make a donation to the CCT. We then proceeded to obtain quotes for this preservation. The work we did with the CCT over the next fifteen months was a joint effort, whereby the trust made an application for a grant to the State Heritage Council of New South Wales for urgent cemetery repairs, and we met them with a dollar for dollar donation (tax deductible) towards the repairs for the Brown grave. The government grant was most welcome, and has enabled us to contribute to the restoration of this historic grave, knowing that other monies went towards urgently needed repairs to the cemetery walls and to Camperdown Cemetery Cottage s roof, which stands to the right hand side of the main cemetery gates as you enter. Hector Abrahams, architect and member of the Trust, supervised the project. He employed Bernard Kelly and Chris Holland from Heritage Stone Masonry to undertake the delicate operation on the Brown grave. Bernard had done work before on many sandstone restoration projects, including St Mark s Church, Darling Point and my mother s family home, Caerleon in Bellevue Hill. Bernard and Chris begin work with the crane, April 2014 DESCENT September

24 Work began on Monday 14 April 2014, to preserve the grave and a crane was bought in on the Tuesday to delicately lift the sandstone by way of slings. Reinforced concrete repairs were done to stabilise the ground around the crypt, while we took videos and photos of the operation in progress. The grave was then reconstructed, with as little change as possible to its original appearance. Due to the wet weather, the work had been put off for a week. On Monday morning at the site meeting Bernard commented on the instability and rocking movement of the grave stones, and how perilous the situation had become. The deterioration in the last few weeks had been unbelievable, so much so that I had an almost sleepless night worrying that the grave would cave into the huge hole that had opened beneath. The soil around the grave was wet and boggy and Bernard and his men constructed a wire fence to keep sightseers from getting too close. Their truck nearly bogged in the ground nearby under the weight of the grave stones during removal. As a trained archaeologist I appreciated the respectful and careful work Bernard undertook during the restoration. It was fascinating to peer inside the crypt and see the remains of the coffins and the ornate lead shelves, which would have supported the coffins. The vaulted arch inside the crypt was a surprise, and it revealed a large open space. We found an underground entrance to the crypt on the southern side of the grave, this opening had provided undertakers with access for burials. Sergio, the Cemetery Trust s caretaker, kindly found a safe spot for the grave stones during restoration, and painstakingly worked at the sandstone to remove decades of moss to reveal the inscriptions on the shields and sarcophagus lid. It was amazing how well preserved the inscriptions were. Bernard also turned his talents to mending the metal fence, and it was placed back securely on its foundations upon completion of the work. On 12 July 2014 many Brown family descendants gathered to commemorate the sesquicentenary of William Brown s death. My daughterin-law kindly created floral wreaths that hung onto the surviving metal hooks, and we recreated a bit of history that day. The sun shone as we gathered to remember a proud Australian. It has been an amazing experience for our family to have undertaken such a venture, and I hope my article will inspire others to search amongst the graves of Camperdown Cemetery to find their own ancestors, as there are so many more stories waiting to be told. September DESCENT

25 The restored crypt with St Stephens Church in the background William Brown inscription on sarcophagus lid after cleaning DESCENT September

26 Camperdown Cemetery, located at Church Street, Newtown, is listed on the NSW State Heritage Register, and managed by the Camperdown Cemetery Trust. The cemetery grounds surround St Stephen s Anglican Church, and the Trustees have a close relationship with the Anglican Parish of St Stephens, Newtown. The Trust is a not for profit entity and volunteer organisation. There were about 18,000 burials in Camperdown Cemetery, mainly of Church of England people, between 1848 and Some graves, particularly common interments, never had monuments, and monuments were moved to the current walled area or another cemetery when the area of the cemetery was reduced in It is therefore unlikely that people will find their relative s headstone in the cemetery, as only about 2000 headstones remain, many of which were illegible or damaged at the time, and are now unreadable. For anyone who is fortunate enough to find their ancestor's grave, and has an interest in restoring it, we encourage you to contact the Trust by at tours@neac.com.au or by post at PO Box 396, Newtown NSW We can provide contact details for companies with expertise in restoring historic graves, and can then review the proposed works and provide advice and/or support for the works. An exemption may then be sought from the Heritage Council. ( heritage/formexemptionnotifications57.pdf). Jenna Weston, Camperdown Cemetery Trust The SAG has an excellent guide to its wide range of Camperdown resources available as a downloadable PDF on its website at: September DESCENT

27 C r o k e r P r i z e f o r B i o g r a p h y By Janette Pelosi (Convenor, Croker Prize) The Society s Croker Prize for Biography publicly recognises the generosity of Colin and Loas Croker with two prizes funded from their Bequest. The theme for 2015 was My immigrant s story. In this second year of the Croker Prize there were 22 entrants, five more than last year. This year s entrants have explored the many stories of their immigrants, who came from many lands and made new lives. Bridget Bryan came from Ireland to Toowoomba in Queensland, seeing her family grow. Patrick and Susan Senior also left Ireland to settle on the Hunter River but Patrick tragically drowned in it. Mary Hughes migrated from Ireland to NSW but faced tribulations with her husband and children. Friedrich Ahrens served with the British army moving from Germany to Queensland, Sydney and twice to New Zealand a serial immigrant indeed. The Engel family of German immigrants had variable fortunes in Australia, with John Engel founding a German newspaper in Sydney and later being hanged for murder. Marjorie Robinson travelled from Ceylon to Ireland and back again, ending up in Sydney with three countries to call home. The England and Wall families were among twentieth century immigrants to Sydney. The phrenologist, Gippsland political candidate and free thinker George William Lee came from England to Victoria as a gold seeker. Job King Ellement was an exile who turned goldminer and raised a family in Geelong. Abraham Marks came from Poland via London to Hobart, there attempting to smuggle gold under 300 sheep! Stories of immigrants who sometimes struggled and sometimes prospered have been shared. Jane Higgins went to South Australia but met hard times through her husband s debts. Roderick and Ann McLean travelled from the Isle of Skye to Goulburn and Bathurst. James Boxshall came from England to Brighton in Victoria and made a pioneer peg stool for his wife Jane. Eleanor McCarthy escaped Bedlam for a better life and marriage in Sydney. Conversely, Frederick Francis Fowler immigrated to Sydney, ending up as Superintendent of the Lunatic Reception House, Darlinghurst. What became of John Cyril Sydney Hunt after leaving Essex for Brisbane was finally discovered. Lydia Moss overcame impossible odds, surviving her convict husband s voyage to build a life in colonial Sydney. Rebecca Tipping s life involved moving from India to Wolverhampton, migrating to South Australia, before raising her family in the hot west of NSW and Sydney. The lawyer William Whaley Billyard emigrated for his health but survived a shipwreck DESCENT September

28 on the way to his post. Inventor Charles Fleming emigrated twice to Sydney and New Zealand when hopelessness overtook hope of recognition. And there were two grannies featured. The twice-widowed Mary Ann Knott came from England to Sydney, becoming Granny Knott of Bringelly. The other was Granny Greenhalgh, a Richmond River woman who could herself spin quite a story. The choices those immigrant ancestors made have no doubt had a lasting impact on their descendants who will have further connected with them through writing their immigrants stories. Our members had the opportunity to respond when voting for the Members Prize category. One member wrote, All the entries submitted I felt were excellent in their varied research, while another wrote, I found it difficult to choose a favourite story as there were bits and pieces of several stories I really enjoyed. A further comment was, I was very impressed by the quality of the entries. The Committee was also pleased by the depth and variety of stories told this year and thanks those who made the effort to enter. Thank you also to all those members who took the time to read the entries and vote for their favourite, as well as to those who served on the Committee. The Croker Prize essays are all available to read on our website. Just follow the Croker Prize link. I am now especially pleased to announce the 2015 winner of the Croker Prize for Biography. Robert Wright, with his story about Caroline Granny Greenhalgh, a remarkable woman who could spin a good yarn, has been chosen as the winner in both the Members Choice category and in the Board Prize category. Congratulations to Robert Wright who has shown how family history research can be shared in a well-written and engaging story. One member s comment was Granny Greenhalgh stood out from the other entries because Granny was a character. Another member wrote of the contrast between the fantasy and the reality in Granny Greenhalgh s story. You can now read this winning essay in Descent. Which of Granny Greenhalgh s stories will you prefer? September DESCENT

29 G r a n n y G r e e n h a l g h By Bob Wright (Member) My immigrant ancestor s story is actually two stories, the fantasy and the reality. Caroline Greenhalgh, known in her latter years as Granny Greenhalgh, was, by all accounts, especially her own, a most remarkable woman. So strong was the force of her personality that she was believed to be 108 years old when she died (not true), and more than three decades later her descendants were fighting over the inheritance of a fortune that had never existed anywhere except in Caroline s imagination. Caroline invented a whole fantastical background for herself, but her achievements were real enough as an early settler and pioneer in the north of the colony of New South Wales, where she earned a reputation as the smartest cedar dealer on the Richmond River. 1 In the fantasy version of her life, Caroline was born in 1804, the daughter of Lord Panton of Kent, and a relation of the Duke of Wellington. When she was young her father died at the great age of 114, and her mother was remarried to the wealthy John Coats, of the cotton manufacturing family. In 1815, at the age of 11, Caroline witnessed troops passing over London Bridge, having been despatched to fight the French at Waterloo. 2 She ran away from home due to disagreements with her step-father and became a nursemaid to the young Princess (later Queen) Victoria. She once borrowed the Princess jewels when going to a dance, and got into trouble for it. 3 In 1822, at age 18, Caroline sailed on the ship Red Rover in one of the first batches of free immigrants to the colony of New South Wales, accompanied by her friend, the famous philanthropist Angela Burdett-Coutts. Caroline had secured a position as a lady companion to Governor Brisbane s wife, but on the voyage out she met Joseph Greenhalgh, another free settler, and they were married on arrival in Sydney. By 1837 Caroline and Joseph had a large family, and she was 33 years old. That year they travelled north to the Richmond River, and were the first white settlers in the district. 4 Such is Caroline s account of her early years and her advent to the Richmond, and she apparently told her children as they grew up that she had a claim on the fortune of the Coats family. 5 In the real, and more prosaic version of her life, Caroline was born on 4 January 1822 in Whitechapel, the daughter of Joseph Panting, a carpenter. 6 At the age of 18 she was brought out to New South Wales as a Bounty immigrant by one John Marshall, and she arrived in Sydney on the ship Lady McNaughton on 16 December Soon after, on 8 March 1841, Caroline married Joseph Greenhalgh, an ex-convict, at St. Andrew s Presbyterian DESCENT September

30 Church. 8 Twins were born to Caroline and Joseph in Sydney, but died in infancy. 9 In 1843 they travelled to the Richmond River in a small schooner, and joined the sawyers camp at Gundurimba, which was the centre of the cedar trade on the Richmond. 10 Situated near the confluence of two tributary creeks, which flowed through hundreds of acres of thickly wooded hill country, the site gave access to the best cedar in the north. Huts were built and the women and children lived there while the men worked up the tributaries cutting cedar. 11 In those early days on the Richmond there were no bullocks for hauling timber and rowing boats were the only means of transport. Cedar was felled and rolled onto sawpits, where it was cut into flitches with pitsaws, then tipped into the river and flooded to the boats. It was customary for the sawyers, when working in the hills, to stack the cedar logs they had cut on the bank of some distant creek and then return home to wait for the next flood to carry them down to the river. 13 Great torrents of water swept down from the mountains three or four times a year. With the first drop of rain the excitement in the cedar camps rose as the sawyers got ready for the running out. Dampers were cooked, beef was boiled and the men started out on their long walk to the hills. When the flood came down with a roar they sprang to life and, shoving the logs into the swiftflowing current, they plunged in afterwards to guide them downstream. Clinging to the branches on the banks or riding astride the logs, they eased them over the snags or pushed them out from the overhanging vines. It was dangerous work following the logs down to the stop, or chain, which was placed at the mouth of the creek, and many men were drowned. 12 Caroline and Joseph s next seven children were born at the Richmond River between 1847 and 1864, 13 and the family moved about where the cedar trade took them. 14 Once they had a fire they never allowed it to go out, and when shifting their camp from place to place carried a lighted booyong stick which smouldered all the time. Times were very hard in those days and Caroline and her family often went a week without any regular food. Others were even more hard up. Many could not afford to buy clothes and wore trousers made of cornsacks. 15 While Joseph worked as a cedar getter, Caroline acted as the unofficial doctor and midwife to the settlers on the Richmond River. 16 In 1874 Joseph died, leaving Caroline a widow. 17 In order to support her family, she put her accumulated knowledge of the cedar trade to use and became a cedar dealer. Cedar dealers performed an important service for those engaged in the industry. They bought the logs for cash, so that the cedar getters did not have to wait for them to be shipped to Sydney to get their money. Caroline, now known as Granny Greenhalgh, soon earned a reputation as the smartest dealer on the river. Whenever a schooner came up the river laden September DESCENT

31 with logs she was often to be seen there, looking for flaws and picking out the best cedar she could find for a Sydney or Melbourne buyer. 18 When her children had grown up and were no longer reliant on her to support them, Caroline retired from the cedar trade and was employed as caretaker of the Lismore Council Chambers in She held this position for the next quarter of a century, finally being forced to retire in 1904 due to the infirmities of her age. Fiercely independent, she refused to accept the old age pension and continued to earn her own living by sewing and making paper ornaments and other articles. Despite failing hearing and memory she still wheeled a small handcart to town almost every day with unfaltering step. She also kept various pets, including a few Skye terriers, a monkey, a cat, two possums and several parrots. She disliked publicity, and on the occasion of the visit of the Governor of New South Wales, Sir Harry Rawson, to Lismore she refused to sit for a photograph when His Excellency requested one after a brief conversation with her. 19 In her latter years Caroline moved to a little cottage close to St. Mary s Convent, where she resided by herself. Despite all the entreaties of her sons and daughters to live with them, she was determined to do for herself. She said was quite happy under the care of the good Sisters of the Convent, and many times her daughters would come away crying because she would not let them do anything for her. 20 On the night of 3 August 1913 a kerosene lamp in Caroline s cottage exploded and set her on fire. Her neighbours ran to her cottage and extinguished the fire. Finding her burnt from head to foot, they wrapped her in a blanket, and sent for a doctor and her relatives, who arrived soon afterwards. The doctor ordered her immediate removal to hospital. Caroline was perfectly conscious, and, in spite of her terrible injuries, protested against being removed from her house. Even when she had been prevailed upon to be taken away she carefully instructed her daughter to see that her house was properly locked up. She was taken to hospital, where she died several hours later, aged Caroline was thought to be 108 years old, and that age was recorded on her death certificate and inscribed on her tombstone. 22 In a bizarre sequel to the fantasies Caroline spun around her life, a dispute erupted in 1949 between several of her descendants as to which of them was the true heir to her fortune. This was believed to consist of 15,000,000, and supposedly devolved on the descendants of Caroline, as step-daughter of John Coats. 23 Of course the argument was entirely academic and no one actually inherited this fortune, since Caroline s claim to it was entirely fictitious. The strength of people s belief in these tales over so many years however, stands as testimony to the remarkable immigrant, pioneer and story-teller known as Granny Greenhalgh. DESCENT September

32 NOTES: 1. Daley, Louise Tiffany, Men and a River: A History of the Richmond River District , Melbourne University Press, Carlton, 1968, p The Brisbane Courier, 14 May 1904, Woman s world a remarkable centenarian. 3. Told to the author in 1992 by his grandmother, Mrs Rose Wright, a great granddaughter of Granny Greenhalgh. 4. Letter from Mrs Rita Torenbeek to the author dated 2 July The Northern Star, 17 March 1949, Involved tale of 15M. 6. Caroline Amelia Elizabeth Greenhalgh, Richmond River Historical Society Inc., provided to the author on 3 March 1996, p State Records NSW, Index to Bounty Immigrants, , Ship Lady McNaughton, Caroline Amelia Elizabeth Panting, 16 December 1840, Vol 32, p. 875, Reel NSW Registry of Births Deaths and Marriages, Marriage of Joseph Greenhalgh & Caroline Panton, 8 March 1841, No. 3496, issued on 28 July 1993; State Records NSW, Joseph Greenhalgh, Guildford, 1827, No 33/1180, 29 October 1833, Certificate of Freedom, [4/4318], Reel The Northern Star, 4 August 1913, Burning fatality: Granny Greenhalgh succumbs to her injuries a very long life sadly terminated. 10. The Northern Star, 6 August 1926, Pioneer history: Trials and tribulations hominy and treacle. 11. Daley, Louise Tiffany, Men and a River, op. cit., p Ibid. 13. Ibid, p Caroline Granny Greenhalgh early cedar dealer in Lismore, Richmond River Historical Society Inc., provided to the author on 3 March 1996, p. 5. These were Mary Ann, born 1847, Joseph, born 1849, Matthew, born 1852, John, born 1854, Rosetta, born 1855, Caroline, born 1858, Vincent, born 1859, Louisa, born 1862, and Ellen, born The Northern Star, 6 August 1926, Pioneer history: Trials and tribulations hominy and treacle. 16. Letter from Mrs Rita Torenbeek to the author dated 2 July NSW Registry of Births Deaths and Marriages, Death Certificate, Joseph Greenhalgh, 9 September 1874, No. 468, issued on 2 October Daley, Louise Tiffany, Men and a River, op. cit., p The Brisbane Courier, 14 May 1904, Woman s world a remarkable centenarian. 20. The Northern Star, 4 August 1913, Burning fatality: Granny Greenhalgh succumbs to her injuries a very long life sadly terminated. 21. Ibid. 22. NSW Death Certificate, Caroline Greenhalgh, 3 August 1913, No. 472, issued on 5 October 1993; Letter from Mrs Rita Torenbeek to the author dated 2 July The Northern Star, 17 March 1949, Involved tale of 15M. September DESCENT

33 D N A I n h e r i t e d F r o m O u r D i r e c t M a t e r n a l L i n e By Kerry Farmer (Member) In the last issue we looked at the DNA males inherit from their direct paternal line their father s fathers. This article discusses the DNA we all inherit from our mother s mothers (our matrilineal line). This genetic material is called mitochondrial DNA or mtdna for short. Mothers pass mtdna to all their children but only their daughters pass it on largely unchanged to the next generations. Your mtdna was only inherited from your mother and she inherited it from her mother and so on back through the generations. Everyone (male and female) can test mtdna and compare our mtdna with others. Those who match us share a direct maternal line ancestor. Family historians often find it difficult tracing female ancestors because women traditionally changed their surnames with marriage. As DNA does not concern itself with surnames, genealogists can use mtdna testing as another tool to find maternal ancestors, in conjunction with other more traditional family history research methods. Some questions that might be answered by a mtdna test include: From what (general) region did my maternal line come? My great grandfather married twice. Am I descended from his first or second wife? Can I find other people also descended from the same direct maternal line to help my search for my female ancestors? How does it work? Other DNA tests examine the 23 pairs of chromosomes that we inherited from each of our parents. Such chromosomes are found on the double helix shaped strands inside the cell s nucleus. Mitochondria are quite different they lie outside the nucleus, are approximately ring-shaped and also contain DNA. DESCENT September

34 Human cell Mitochondria also carry variations caused by copying errors that occurred in the past when cells copied mtdna to pass on to the next generation. Such mitochondrial mutations occur only very rarely so large groups of population share much of their mtdna. Ring-shaped mitochondria September DESCENT

35 The first commercial mtdna tests only examined small areas of the ring (HVR1 and HVR2) which together make up the D-loop area of mtdna. Matching someone on HVR1 and HVR2 does imply a shared maternal ancestor but that ancestor possibly lived hundreds or even thousands of years ago. In recent years Family Tree DNA has offered a Full Mitochondrial Sequence test (FMS) of the entire mitochondrial ring including the Coding Region. Exact matches in a full sequence test share a maternal ancestor who probably lived within a genealogical timeframe that is, in recent enough generations that we may be able to identify her in our family trees. What do mtdna test results look like? A group of scientists examined and sequenced all the mtdna of one individual and published those results in They named those results the Cambridge Reference Sequence (or CRS). A corrected version (sometimes referred to as the revised Cambridge Reference Sequence or rcrs) was published in When I have my mtdna tested, companies report to me where my mitochondrial DNA differs from the standard (rcrs). For each of the areas HVR1, HVR2 and Coding Region I am told the small number of differences that my mtdna has from the rcrs. I can assume that for any locations not reported, I have the same result as the standard. My results also include my mitochondrial haplogroup, which provides a summary statement of my DNA and mutations, indicating where I fit into the mitochondrial genetic tree of all humans. Commercial mtdna tests also report to me other people who have tested with the same company whose DNA closely matches my own. A genetic distance of 0 indicates that in the areas we have each tested (HVR1, HVR2 and maybe Coding Region) my mtdna is exactly the same as that of my match. A genetic distance of 1 means that there is 1 difference between us and so on. Which company to use? Family Tree DNA is the only company that currently offers a full sequence test of mtdna for genealogical purposes. They call that test mtfull Sequence or FMS. Family Tree DNA often has sales when significantly discounted prices are available. (The company s Facebook page is one way to learn about such sales.) DESCENT September

36 Family Tree DNA also host projects based on mtdna geographic origins and also mtdna haplogroups. Projects are managed by knowledgeable volunteers who analyse the similar DNA of large groups of people in order to draw further conclusions. Joining such projects is free and you can usually join any that might be of interest such as for those whose maternal ancestors came from a particular geographic region. Once you discover your mtdna haplogroup, I recommend you also join the relevant mtdna haplogroup project others in these projects share maternal heritage, even though they do not share surnames. September 2015 What to do with my results? We all have mitochondria inherited only from our direct maternal line (although only females pass that mtdna on to their own children). Family historians can look for others who share ancestors with us on that matrilineal line. In addition, genealogists can consider any female of interest in their family tree and follow her female lines forward through her daughters daughters and on to (either gender) in the current generation. By testing the mtdna of other living family members, we can also look for their mtdna matches. I do not try to identify shared ancestors with anyone who has only tested HVR1 or HVR2. Any shared maternal ancestors might have lived thousands of years ago. However if I match exactly with someone who (like me) has tested the full sequence of mitochondria, we have about a 50% chance that our shared maternal ancestor lived within around 150 years and a 90% chance that the shared ancestor lived within about 400 years. In other words, our shared maternal ancestor may have lived recently enough to be found in our family trees. Because testing of the full sequence of mtdna has only been commercially available in very recent years, far fewer people have taken that test than (for example) males have tested the DNA of their direct paternal line. So currently the chance of finding someone who shares direct maternal ancestors with us is still small. However as more people take a full sequence test of mtdna, our chances of finding others related to us on our direct maternal line will increase. As a family historian, I look forward to anything that will help me find my female ancestors and those related to me on that line. Websites Family Tree DNA Projects on Family Tree DNA See the Society of Australian Genealogists calendar for the next meeting of the DNA Research Group. 166 DESCENT

37 T h r e e S y d n e y S h o p k e e p e r s i n t h e s by Megan Martin (SAG Honorary Archivist) Among the many hidden treasures in the Society s manuscripts collection are three small photographs, cartes-de-visite, of Sydney shopkeepers in front of their shops, dating to the 1870s. The first is Fentin McEvoy, bootmaker, at 714 George Street, Haymarket. Next is John Keeshan, baker, at 153 Campbell Street Surrey Hills. Third is Samuel Garrett, pastrycook and confectioner, at 93 South Head Road (now Oxford Street) he called his business The Original Chelsea Bun House. 5/1682: John Keeshan, Baker 5/1707: Samuel Garrett s Haymarket Warehouse Original Chelsea Bun House Keeshan and Garrett were both photographed by the American & Australasian Photographic Co, Henry Beaufoy Merlin and his assistant Charles Bayliss who arrived in Sydney in late They specialized in views and street scenes and claimed that the chief characteristic and distinguishing feature of their style of work was the introduction of figures into the photograph. Merlin and Bayliss moved to the goldfields town Hill End in DESCENT September

38 March 1872 and are best known today for their photographs of Hill End. These photographs of Sydney shopkeepers are rare survivors. All three photographs came into the Society s collection in 1976 as part of the estate of Miss Mary Margaret McCarthy. She was the daughter of Master Mariner Captain John Francis McCarthy and his wife Margaret Cahill who had married in Sydney in Fentin McEvoy and Samuel Garrett were her uncles: Garrett married Ann Cahill in 1867 and McEvoy married Eliza Cahill in Fentin McEvoy had started business in partnership with his fatherin-law Rody Cahill. John Keeshan was Rody Cahill s nephew. In addition to these three views, the McCarthy papers include other photographs and documents relating to these three men and their families: a carte-de-visite portrait of Fentin McEvoy, probably taken in the 1870s; a sombre little collection of memorial cards, including one for John Keeshan s wife Mary who died in Samuel Garrett s wife Ann died in 1883, aged 41, and there is a fine cabinet photograph of her headstone in Petersham Cemetery, showing a scattering of the houses and empty paddocks of Lewisham in the background. A photograph of the headstone of Captain John Francis McCarthy, also dating from 1883, shows a little more of this longvanished cemetery. But that s another story. 5/1710: Fentin McEvoy s 5/1711: Fentin McEvoy Haymarket Warehouse (J.T. Gorus, Photographer) September DESCENT

39 Notes & News Updates to the SAG website In recent months the Society staff and volunteers have been working behind the scenes to upgrade various aspects of the SAG website. We ve recently upgraded the shop software and also introduced a new Event Registration system. The Event Registration system allows you to view all upcoming events, or to select events by month, week or day. You can also search all events using a keyword if for example you re looking for lectures on software you can use that as a keyword and it will show you all upcoming activities relating to software programs like FamilyTree Maker, Legacy and The Master Genealogist. Useful if you know you ve seen an event of interest but can t remember exactly what it was called or when it was being held. DESCENT September

40 The registration system allows you to pay online using our secure Eway payment system (you ll see a new shop interface) or to select a pay later option giving you the chance to reserve your place in a session and then arrange payment by phone, mail or in person within seven days to secure your spot. As with all rollouts we expect there ll be a few bumps along the way, so appreciate your patience while we fully integrate this new online event booking system into our website and administrative systems. Electoral Roll update In early 2014 the Australian Electoral Commission began to enforce restrictions on access to the current electoral roll - in effect only allowing individuals to check their own enrolment details. The electoral roll, both in its current digital form and in microfiche and microfilm in libraries and archives, is a key genealogical tool and the lack of access to the current edition has meant that the tracing of present day family members and long lost relatives was severely hampered. However, as part of the inquiry into the 2013 federal election the question of access to the current electoral roll was revisited and in May this year the AEC s heightened restrictions were reversed. This is good news for family historians as it means they can once again visit AEC offices to examine the current electoral roll for genealogical research purposes. Any individual can now check the current electoral roll for any name - though electronic recording of the data is not allowed. Further details on how to access the electoral roll is available here: Australian Century Farm & Station Awards The Australian Farm & Station Awards have been initiated by the Collector & Districts History Association The aim of the project is to collect family farm and station histories, photographs, and memorabilia, and to deposit these items with the Noel Butlin Archive at the Australian National University in Canberra to ensure their survival. The aim of the project is to preserve the stories of our rural heritage and all types of primary production including viticulture, horticulture and forestry are eligible. The Australian program has been modelled on similar projects which have been running in the USA and Canada for over 75 years. In New Zealand over 300 farming families have contributed since a Centenary Farm project was set up there in September DESCENT

41 Any Australian family which has farmed its land for more than 100 years is eligible to apply for a Century Farm or Station Award, and there is also a Sesquicentennial Award in both categories. See the website for more details at German Internees at Trial Bay We ve recently had contact with Lela Green of the historic Trial Bay site at South West Rocks. Volunteers there are trying to compile a list of all the German internees who were at the Gaol from before being transferred to Holsworthy. They ve exhausted all the local sources they can find and would appreciate help from a family historian who could undertake some volunteer research for them at Sydney repositories. If you think you may be able to assist please contact Lela on lela.green@environment.nsw.gov.au Heather Garnsey, Executive Officer INTERNET HISTORY RESOURCES NSW at 30,000 pages with an index at the website We offer online access to directories, electoral rolls, pastoral, land and mining records. DESCENT September

42 September 2015 E d u c a t i o n a t S A G Why attend an Education event? A key aim of the Education program is to help members to research their family history, so I thought some examples of how it does this might be of interest. My father, my uncles and my grandfather worked on the railways. I lost my father and my grandfather before I started researching my family history, so I have none of those treasured family stories that many people have. I attended Bill Phippen s lecture about Railway Employment Records to get some guidance about finding out more about my family s railway past. He led me to a set of records in the NSW State Archives that I did not know existed. I rushed out to the archives a few days later and was excited to find the employment record of my grandfather. It was full of the expected information when he started, the jobs he did, how much he was paid. But more importantly, it told of how he won an award for coming up with a way to save the railway money. His idea was to line the apple boxes with waxed paper! Now, thanks to Bill and the SAG lecture I attended, I have a lovely and personal story about my grandfather. While we are on the topic of personal stories, have you ever watched Antiques Roadshow? English people bring their family antiques to an event and have experts identify and date them. We had our own version of that in July, when Judy Keena and Julie Nugent presented Fashion Forensics. After a fascinating presentation on the history of fashion and how to use this history to date photographs, Judy and Julie stuck around to talk to people about the family photographs that they brought with them. Everyone seemed delighted with the opportunity to talk one-on-one with an expert and receive advice on their treasures. A few family history mysteries were solved that day. Solving mysteries brings me to the topic of DNA. The idea of using genetic testing to complement the more traditional type of family history research is an interesting one. SAG hosted a webinar by Louise Coakley about DNA basics and then the new DNA Research Group had its inaugural meeting, which was booked out. The purpose of this group is for members to support each other in the interpretation of DNA test results and it seems that this will be very important as it all seems very complex. As Louise explains DNA testing, it is a tool that can be used to connect with biological relatives and find missing branches of your family tree; confirm or disprove relationships; solve family mysteries; match with other people researching the same lines or the same surnames; and also reveal your ancient ethnic origins. SAG is very keen to support researchers using DNA testing and we wish the 172 DESCENT

43 Research Group good luck! If you did not get a chance to attend, watch our program for future events. Speaking of future events, what is coming up? If you have visited the Primary Records collection at Richmond Villa you will be aware that SAG has great collections of photographs, diaries, directories and much more. To demonstrate how these collections can help your family history research, our archivist Ralph Hawkins will be presenting on a range of topics in October he promises a fascinating look at Parramatta through historical photographs. Even if you do not have family from Parramatta, this presentation is sure to be enjoyable. Ralph is also conducting his ever popular guided walking tour of Millers Point. Also in October, I will be taking a bus tour group out to the NSW State Archives at Kingswood. The archives can be difficult to get to on public transport, so a bus trip should make it easier. We will be getting a behind the scenes look at the archives, plus plenty of time to conduct research. If you plan on attending, be sure to order a reader s ticket (it s like a library card) before you go; and it s also a good idea to pre-order some records so that they are waiting for you when you arrive. This can all be done on the archives website. If you have never been to the archives before, this will be a great chance to learn how to use it. I am now busy working on the program for the next six months. I have a list of ideas, but I would love to hear what you want to see on the program. Feedback about events you have attended is also welcome, as it helps us to know what has worked well and what has not. I would also love to hear from you how an event has helped your research. me at: education@sag.org.au Danielle Lautrec Education Officer READY TO PUBLISH??? WE CAN HELP a QUALITY publication, at a BETTER price We can assist with Editing, manuscript formatting, Photo preparation & Cover design ideas. Talk to Margaret on CREMORNE1.COM Self-Publishing margaret@cremorne1.com See our website: DESCENT September

44 B o o k N o t e s J U D Y K E E N A B O O K R E V I E W E D I T O R The Spirits of Gallipoli: A Centenary of Anzacs, The stories of 100 Australian soldiers who are commemorated at Gallipoli, by Kim Phillips, published by The Spirits of Gallipoli, Paperback, 338 pages, bibliography, index, and accompanying CD. ISBN SAG Ref: A3/70/105. In this Anzac centenary year, it was an inspired choice for Kim Phillips to have selected the lives of 100 of the 7,429 Australians buried or commemorated in the cemeteries or on the memorials at Gallipoli as the subjects of her book. As explained in the Foreword, the official death toll was 8,709, the difference between the 7,429 and the larger number being those men who died of wounds or disease but are buried or commemorated elsewhere Egypt, Australia, England, and Malta. The selection process is explained in the Preface. The numbers selected are in proportion to the numbers who served in every battalion, regiment or unit who lost men at Gallipoli. The text is structured chronologically in a month-by-month sequence of nine chapters commencing in April 1915 through to the final evacuation in December Chapter 10 covers the lives of 8 of those Australians who died as POWs. Chapters 1 (April), 2 (May) and 5 (August) outline the military campaigns of those months in some detail together with relevant maps and photographs. The entries for the 100 men follow in a similar chronological sequence in date order of their deaths. Not only did the official military and civil records provide information on each life but an extensive search was made of all material in books and newspapers and other sources. The many families who shared photographs and stories with the author were an especially valuable resource. Wherever possible a photograph accompanies the account of the soldier s life. Where photos of memorials are available these too have been included. A list of all the source material consulted follows each entry. The wealth of material made available in this book is supplemented by an attached CD containing a total of 50,000 files. This CD is invaluable for research as it puts together in one place the available information on the 7,429 men who died at Gallipoli. Arranged alphabetically by surname, each entry September DESCENT

45 includes the military service record together with personal details, a photo (where available) together with a list of source materials and details of headstones and/or memorials for all 7,429 men. While a memorial is the customary way to record the lives of those who served and lost their lives in war, no list of names inscribed on memorials can ever convey the flesh and blood reality of those lost lives. Whether it is the 15 year old Albert Cramer who enlisted as Bert Reddaway (his mother s maiden name) and stated he was 20; or Lance Corporal Philip De Quetteville Robin who was given special permission to marry his sweetheart Nellie Honeywill in Egypt on 17 January, 1915 only to die on 28 April; in her book Kim Phillips has made these names come alive for us and in doing so has made an admirable contribution to our remembrance of them. Fran Powell The Tytherleigh Tribe and its remarkable in-laws: , by Judy Cannon, published by Ryelands Publishing, Wellington, Hardcover, 184pp, with illustrations. SAG Ref. A6/TYT/1. This remarkable book tells the story (or, more accurately, stories) of the Tytherleigh family, of whom the first written record appears in 1201, when Ricardo de Tuderlege added his signature as a witness to a land transfer document in Devon. His grandfather was Aethelwold de Tytherleigh, the first known ancestor, who lived in Tytherleigh, either Dorset or Devon (both counties are given, as the borders changed in the 19 th Century). One mystery is that of a family skeleton found in a stone coffin hidden in the wall of a church, wearing 11 th Century spurs, but with a 15 th century helmet in the coffin. Why was this man wearing spurs made four centuries earlier? This is one of the intriguing stories in this book. The book falls into two parts: the first begins with the information from a genealogical summary which was created by a distant cousin, Pat Tytherleigh, over many years of research, and the 1837-onwards genealogy compiled by Jane Tytherleigh, whose husband Brian is also a cousin of the author. It was an immense task to create a logical and coherent account from the sheer amount of information available and the author has divided the book into 19 chapters. The first nine chapters are based in England, number 10 in Canada; 11, America; 12, South Africa; 13, New South Wales; 14, Victoria; 15, Queensland; and 16, Western Australia, as the family spread its branches DESCENT September

46 throughout the world during the great migrations of the 17 th -18 th Centuries. A simplified family tree appears as a frontispiece, covering and all the Roberts from Robert the 2 nd to the 9 th, and ends in This is the one created by the two above-named researchers. Chapter 1 contains 3 folios which give accounts of three significant early members of the family and their relatives - Aethelwold and Ricardo in Folio 1, Ralph de Tyderleigh in Folio 2 (1327), and Radulphus Tiderleigh and Ricardo (1327 and 1332) in Folio 3. However, it is not clear where the original documents were found or indeed what they were. Chapter 2 starts with Willelmus de Tyderley in 1379 and continues through to the family s connection with Sir William de Pole ( ). Chapter 3 follows another branch; in Chapter 5, Queen Elizabeth I grants Robert Tytherleigh (Robert the Younger) the right to bear arms in 1565; Chapter 7 begins with Robert Tiderleigh, Captain, in 1650; Chapter 9 follows Robert Tytherleigh the 9 th who married Betty (no date given) and set up a business in Haselbury Plucknett, Somerset and so on till we get to the migrations of the branches of the family. Subsequent chapters follow their adventures throughout the world, continuing with the Second World War in The book shows meticulous research and also gives us reminders of our early English history, including the plague in 1665, the Monmouth Rebellion in 1685, and other significant events. The story of the family continues in the foreground of a pageant of the history of England and would deserve studying for that alone. I really felt the lack of a map and had to resort to the atlas and then to the internet to find out where the story was situated and where we were at any time. A local map could have helped, as would a more comprehensive index. The book contains illustrations of early figures such as Sir Francis Drake, the family coat of arms, helmets and spurs, etc., and includes a photograph of Tytherleigh Manor, Tytherleigh, and one of Chardstock Church (although no clue is given as to their whereabouts). Notes providing some sources follow each chapter, and in addition some chapters are preceded with short biographical details of the subjects. Even so it is quite difficult to grasp their significance and some are in Latin. Chapter 8 and 9 do not give this information up front. It must have been very difficult to disentangle and then organise all the strands of the history and it has been tackled well, although it becomes confusing at times. Minor faults, as well as punctuation mishaps, include suppositions about clothing, hairstyles and appearances, wedding guests and celebrations, even the subjects emotions and intentions; these presumably need to be forgiven in their attempt to brighten the picture we see. This is an impressive and detailed book which is worth studying for the history of England, the family, and particularly by anyone with an interest in the West Country. Elizabeth Proude September DESCENT

47 A r c h i v a l A n e c d o t e s N E W S F R O M S T A T E R E C O R D S N S W Completion of the backlog project State Records received funding for to work on the Collection Documentation backlog. As a result of this project over half a million items are now available for perusal in our catalogue Archives Investigator, Lists of records can also be accessed via the Search tool, Files that are open to public access may be viewed in our reading room at 143 O Connell Street Kingswood. A team of contract archivists joined State Records in late 2014 to tackle the backlog of unprocessed archives. With a total additional 243 Agencies, 489 Series and 541,599 Items now available to the public on Archives Investigator and Search, there are no shortage of highlights. As part of the project over 135,000 items that have been listed by our Volunteers were added Archives Investigator. This is a fantastic result from our Volunteers and all the archivists who worked on the project. One of the largest series of records that was added to Archives Investigator is the State Water/Water Conservation & Irrigation Commission; NRS 14511, Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area Files, The New South Wales government commenced the development of the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area (M.I.A.) in The files relate to the establishment and operation of the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area and address such matters as applications by intending settlers; proposed Jewish migration from Germany and the Netherlands; land resumptions; the setting apart of farms, recreation and timber reserves; the establishment, naming and planning of towns in the area; housing construction; the operation of factories, abattoirs and canneries; construction of hospitals; soldier re-settlement schemes; Royal Commission reports and policy matters. Some files contain catalogues and brochures for machinery and household products; town plans; maps and blueprints; and samples of such things as tent fabrics, clothing fabrics, seeds, rubber matting and copper wire. This file series starts from the commencement of the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Trust in 1911, however the files contain documents earlier than that date concerning matters such as land resumptions and Crown Solicitor's legal DESCENT September

48 opinions. More than 9000 files from this series are now listed in Archives Investigator. You will also find more NRS 13495, Divorce and matrimonial cause case papers (Divorce files) in Archives Investigator. The Volunteers listed the files dated and Over 10,500 divorce files were listed. For more information about Divorce files held at State Records please see Archives in Brief No 77, which is available on our website. You might not be aware that we hold NRS10623, Ministry of Transport Correspondence files, The files reflect the role of the Ministry of Transport in providing a secretariat for the Commissioners for Railways; Road Transport and Tramways; and Main Roads. The Ministry also supported the work of the Minster for Transport. The files deal with policy matters, complaints, departmental tenders for rolling stock and vehicles, accident reports, extension of railway lines and tram and bus routes and amendments to Transport Acts. There are representations from members of the public, unions, Members of Parliament and Ministers about all transport matters. Files for the period document substantial Commonwealth-State cooperation and involvement in public transport and reflect the role of transport in the war effort. Included in the files are photographs, blueprints, plans, annual reports, sales brochures and intra-departmental reports. 28,652 files are now listed in Archives Investigator. Other records, brought to us by the Volunteers and the backlog project, include: NRS Height of Building Plans (47,474 items) NRS Ministry of Cultural Activities General Correspondence files, (655 items) NRS 8125 Lands and Property Management Authority Surrender documents, c (1,943 items) NRS Lands Farmers Relief Act files, c (2,573 items) NRS 1703 Conservation Authority Correspondence files, (1,456 items) NRS Registrar General Primary applications, (26,370 items) NRS 5555 Industrial Relations/WorkCover Rural workers Accommodation Property files, (465 items) NRS 9561, NRS 9566, NRS 9571, NRS 9577, NRS 9579, NRS 9585, NRS 9594, NRS 9596 and NRS 9604 Licensing Courts Papers and specifications (310 items) September DESCENT

49 NRS Department of Services, Administration and Technology (formerly Department of Public Works) Miscellaneous files [M files] (204 items) NRS Murray Waters correspondence, (1,255 items) NRS PWD Council C files, (604 items) NRS 3988 Department of Education and Training Site register cards (905 items) NRS & NRS Lands and Property Management Authority Valuer General Correspondence files (634 items) NRS 5537 Department of Industrial Relations Bread Industry Act Correspondence files ( B87 files), (264 items) NRS and NRS Department of Finance and Services (once Registrar General) Documents lodged under Companies Acts [Company Packets] (1,494 items) NRS 8453 Lands petitions (411 items) NRS Supreme Court Petitions to be admitted as Attorneys, Solicitors and Barristers, (231 items) NRS10623 Ministry of Transport Correspondence files (28,652 items) Finding records in Archives Investigator To find the items in Archives Investigator try these searches: To search for a record series Advanced Search Record Series and enter the record series number (eg for NRS 14511) in the Series Number field. (NRS stands for New South Wales Record Series.) DESCENT September

50 To search for a keyword in one series Advanced Search Record Item. Enter the record series number in the Series Number field and your keyword in the Title field. LAUNCESTON TRANSCRIPTIONS A Tasmanian research tool Two sets of transcriptions in one, about Launceston in the 1800s - research tools for local or family history research about Launceston, Tasmania. Detailed index, & images of early residents and the town. 1. George Fuller's "Recollections of Launceston , from memory transcribed with permission from unpublished papers held by Mitchell Library, Sydney; and 2. "Early Launceston ", Ernest Whitfeld's public lectures in Launceston in COST: $ $3.50 P&P CONTACT: margaret@cremorne1.com or Tel: September DESCENT

51 A r c h i v e S p o t l i g h t Kinder Surprise Scrapbooks contain a wealth of useful material and it is possible to gain some idea of the personality of the compiler in the same way we get to know our friends interests and attitudes from their Facebook posts. Olive Smith was given a scrapbook by her grandmother in June 1896, probably on the occasion of her 21 st birthday and began to add newspaper clippings that interested her, poems, and colour prints of flowers. From the album we learn that Olive was interested in collecting BDM material from the newspaper, in rowing and cooking, had a sense of humour, was interested in the latest fashion and politics but was also interested in the anti-clerical ideas of the time. Or so it seemed. Near the end of the scrapbook is a group of three photos which could well be members of Olive Smith s family. But why aren t they in the family photo album which accompanied the scrapbook? In with the group of images there is a silhouette of a butcher wielding a knife, as his butchers steel swings on his hip. Why did Olive Smith paste this image with the group of photos in her scrapbook? DESCENT September

52 The photo on the left has the names of Mr and Mrs Kinder printed below the portrait. Who were they? A search on Google Images has the same group of photos minus the butcher, but in black and white. Clicking into the site revealed the whole story published as a Sydney Morning Herald review of an exhibition at the Justice and Police Museum. A wider search through Google and TROVE revealed a lot more information. What follows is a very brief summary of what became an overnight sensation. Henry Bertrand, a dentist and mesmerist of Wynyard Square Sydney (photo on right) became enamoured with Maria the wife of the 34 year old Henry Kinder of St Leonards, principal teller in the City Bank (photo on left) and at a social gathering at the Kinders a shot was fired and Henry Kinder received a wound in the head, but no one could say who was responsible. The doctor who attended the scene was told that Henry Kinder was suicidal. Kinder died several days later on 2 October But there were suspicions and Kinder s body was exhumed and it was found that the gunshot wound had not caused his death and that he had been poisoned. Bertrand was eventually arrested for the murder with his wife Jane (photo in centre) and Maria Kinder charged as accessories. The women walked free but Bertrand was sentenced to death but was reprieved and gaoled in February 1866 for 28 years, he became free in June 1894 and sailed out of Sydney on the Austral destined for England, vowing to return to NSW which he considered to be his home. In 1894 the Bertrand case was again the talk of the town and Olive Smith pasted up the 30 years old images in her album. But why would a girl be interested in something that had occurred 30 years previously? A second search through Olive Smiths album revealed that any clipping with a date pre-dated the giving of the album, suggesting that someone else had been collecting cuttings from before the time when Olive was born. There are no dated cuttings after The accompanying family album is weighted more to Olive s father s side than her mothers, suggesting that the grandmother who gave Oliver the album was her grandmother Rachel Smith nee Bradley. The dating of the contents suggests that Rachel gave her granddaughter a completed scrapbook for her amusement rather than an empty one to complete herself. The silhouette of the butcher remains a mystery, perhaps Rachel was thinking of the post mortem of Henry Kinder, but the inclusion of much older material in a scrapbook does alert the careful researcher that more research is sometimes needed and that all was not what it seemed at first glance. Ralph Hawkins, Archives Officer September DESCENT

53 Grandma Rachel Smith DESCENT September

54 DEATHS The following deaths of members and former members were notified to the Society between May 2015 and July We extend our sympathies to the family and friends of them all. Wendy Lorraine Attard Jannali, NSW 21 June 2014 Janelle Cust Willoughby, NSW 10 June 2015 Robert A Clarke Wahroonga, NSW 31 January 2013 Bill Evans Davistown, NSW 22 June 2015 Jenny Greatrex St Ives, NSW 17 September 2014 Amy Humphries Kirrawee, NSW 31 May 2015 Susan Finlay Piggott Bass Hill, NSW 15 May 2015 Mary J Smith Manly, NSW 13 May 2015 Kathleen Grace Tutton Taren Point, NSW 19 April 2014 Jacqueline Wheeler Little Bay, NSW 3 November 2014 Marie Jean Wright Lugarno, NSW 1 September 2014 Olive Wyman Pomona, QLD 26 December 2013 September DESCENT

55 R e c e n t A c c e s s i o n s P r i m a r y R e c o r d s Compiled by Ralph Hawkins (Archives Officer) This is a selection of primary records, manuscripts and photographs that have been accessioned between May and July 2015 and it is also a selection of items which were identified during retrospective cataloguing work. Some files had not been indexed and were previously unavailable to members. All are housed at 120 Kent Street unless specifically listed as being held at 379 Kent Street. The information listed here is main family name; the title of the record; primary record classification number; format; donor s name. Please telephone to book a time to view these records at Richmond Villa on Thursdays and Saturdays between 10am & 4pm. MCINERNEY Certificate of membership of the Australian Institute of Cost Accountants, Sydney /340 [Ralph Hawkins] CLARKE Family group charts and research notes relating to the family of Daniel Clarke ( ). 4/27633 [Lilian Smith] CROKER Information on the Croker family of Five Dock NSW. 4/27634 [Joan Francis] DEAN Research relating to the family of William Dean & John Dean of Parramatta. 4/ [Beryl Rooke] LAING News cutting book and programmes and family research relating to Mary Laing relating to her career as a Scottish entertainer / [Lorna Jones] McDONALD Research relating to Lachlan McDonald of Inverness-shire SCT and family. 4/ [Lorna Jones] SNOWDEN Research relating to William Snowden and family of Parramatta NSW. 4/ [Beryl Rooke] SWEET Information relating to Elias Sweet of St Austell CON and Ontonagon USA /27625 [Lorna Jones] DESCENT September

56 R e c e n t A c c e s s i o n s L i b r a r y Compiled by Lorraine Brothers (Librarian) This is a selection of books and pamphlets accessioned between May and July The information is the title of the record; library classification number; format and location; donor s name. All items are at 379 Kent Street unless otherwise noted. Items reviewed in this issue are indicated * Consult the Library Catalogue at the Society s website for full details of the items included in this list. ALLSHORN: ARCHER: ARTHUR: BARWICK: BRAND: BRADHURST: BURT: CHAMBERS: CROSSMAN: DUFFY: DUNNING: FENSOM: MARGINS: MASCORD: Malcolm the Uganda story. A6/ALL/5 (Book) [J. M. Lines] John Stalyards Archer and Mary Archer (nee Cameron): their life and family. A6/ARC/CD.2 (CD ROM) [C. Archer] A fortunate childhood: my early years at Brooklyn A6/ARC/CD.3 (CD ROM) [C. Archer] Unearthing my Scottish ancestors: a photo album, some old post cards and a few documents. A6/ART/CD.1 (CD ROM) [L. A. Morling] The Barwick family: Kent, England to Australasia. A6/BAR/36 (Book) [I. L. Hunt] Brand new Australians: the story of the Brand family in Australia. A6/BRA/12 (Book) [K. McCarron] The Ellenden and Bradhurst families and the early lives of Muriel and Constance Maud Bradhurst. A6/BRA/CD.2 (CD ROM) [C. Archer] Ancestors of Jeffrey Robert Burt. A6/BUR/12 (Book) [C. J. Wattle] Chambers and Boxshall: a family history of dreams and disappointments. A6/CHA/16 (Book) [A. L. Noake] Some Crossman chronicles: the family tree story from Devon to Down Under. A6/CRO/14 (Book) [J. Webster] Thomas Duffy's daughters. Thesis/A6/DUF/Pam.3 (Pamphlet) [C. M. Shine] The life and family of Joseph Dunning. Thesis/A6/DUN/14 (Book) [J. McNeice] Convict v. settler: making a life in Australia: a tale if the Fensom and Burr families in Australia and New Zealand. Thesis/A6/FEN/5 (Book) [A. Donaldson] Margins of Woy Woy: an oral history. A6/MAR/32 (Book) [J. Patrick] A crossing from Banbury: first four generations of the Mascord family in Australia. A6/MAS/4 (Book) [J. Adams] September DESCENT

57 MACKINDER: Long road from Loch Awe: a Mackinder family history. A6/McK/27 (Book) [The late Dr and Mrs J Gregory] McBRIDE: Sibling's haven: safe in wartime Devon. N6/MCB/1 Villa Stack (Book) [E. Senz] MOORE: More than the dirt on their hands: the Moore family of Cranbrook, Kent, England and Australian, Western Australia, 1775 to Thesis/A6/MOO/15 (Book) [N. Catling] MURRAY: From Ulster to Ulladulla: The Murray family from County Fermanagh, Ireland Bounty immigrants to NSW 1838, A family history. A6/MUR/11 (Book) [J. Dawes] NEWSON: Newson: the quest. A6/NEW/Pam.4 (Book) [Harden- Murrumburrah Historical Society Inc. & Museum] O'CONNOR: Out O'Connor heritage: from Moneenroe Ireland to Melbourne Australia. A6/OCO/Pam.3 (Pamphlet) [C. B. O'Connor] PATFIELD: The Patfield family history. A6/PAT/12 (Book) [V. Patfield] SHARPLEY: The emigrant Sharpley family: "Whatever is to become of us now?" Thesis/A6/SHA/7 (Book) [L. Fretwell] TYTHERLEIGH: The Tytherleigh Tribe and its remarkable in-laws: A6/TYT/1 (Book) [J. Cannon] * WATSON: The militant Watsons: and their close cousins - the Channel Pirates, Fighting Nicolls & polymathetical Furnivalls. N6/WAT/3 Villa Stack (Book) [F. Neilson] ZIONZEE: The Zionzee family in Australia. Thesis/A6/ZIO/1 (Book) [C. Shand] AUSTRALIA Generations meeting across time: proceedings of the 14th Australasian Congress on Genealogy and Heraldry held in Canberra March A2/1/2015 (Book) Locating and using digitized photographs as a genealogical source. A2/1/72 (Book) [C. Nolan] Copyright, privacy and other potential legal pitfalls in published genealogy. A2/1/Pam.34 (Pamphlet) [S. Smith] The Spirits of Gallipoli: A Centenary of Anzacs A3/70/105 (Book) [Kim Phillips] * Births & baptisms, marriages & de facto relationships, deaths & burials: New South Wales, A5/14/46 (Book) [C. J. Smee] Dispatched downunder: tracing the resting places of the First Fleeters. A5/90/120 (Book) New South Wales The Bush School in 1870s and 1880s NSW: School Administrative Files can be a rich source of information in Family History Research. B2/1/Pam.10 (Pamphlet) [S. A. Sproats] Fractured families life on the margins in colonial New South Wales. B3/30/24 (Book) [H. Garnsey] The model store , Grace Bros: 100 years serving Sydney. B4.000/1/52 (Book) [Anon. Don.] A Randwick ramble, part 2: Randwick & Kensington. B4.031/1/Pam.1 (Pamphlet) [J. Fairs] Northbridge: building a new suburb. B4.063/1/2 (Book) [P. Clifford] DESCENT September

58 Boer War: A perspective from the Glen Innes Examiner B4.370/70/Pam.1 (Book) [A. Lynd] Tribute to 2508 ANZACs: in remembrance WWI B4.508/70/Pam.1 (Pamphlet) [Helensburgh & District Historical Society] Kangaloon footprints: a collection of records, photographs and anecdotes of Kangaloon, East Kangaloon, Mount Murray and Boxvale. B4.576/1/2 (Book) [B. Mahony] Dalton Methodist Church: originally known as "Wesley Vale". B4.581/93/Pam.1 (Pamphlet) [J. Rutherford] St Therese's School, Yenda: Jubilee Book B4.681/31/1 (Book) [C. Baines] Leap of faith: the pioneers of Teapot Swamp and Moorilda. B4.795/1/16 (Book) [S. Retallack] A pictorial history of Wellington Public School 150 Years: 1861 to B4.820/30/1 (Book) [Wellington Historical Society Inc.] Sons of Freedom Gold Mining Company Hill End 1871 to B4.850/10/1 (Book) [R. Samuel] Reunion: ten friends, 30 years of stories. B5/90/138 (Book) [L. Norrish] St Stephens Kurrajong parish registers : incorporating records from St Philips, St James, Salis Flats Mission Church. B7/1/36 (Book) Cemeteries in Concord, NSW, Australia. B7/11/Pam.126 (Book) [C. S. Concord] Forgotten by time - Nundle Cemetery, B7/11/Pam.127 (Pamphlet) [G. Kang] Pubs, publicans & people: a catalogue of hotels in the history of Harden Shire. B8/12/2 (Book) [Harden-Murrumburrah Historical Society Inc. & Museum] Victoria Except in obedience: the Diocesan Sisters of St Joseph in Victoria. C3/92/5 (Book) [S. O'Regan] And we who followed: a history of Heytesbury, C4.268/1/1 (Book) [L. Benstead] A history of the Kiewa Valley. C4.691/1/3 (Book) [J. Fairs] The Kiewa story. C4.691/10/1 (Book) [J. Fairs] Queensland Harrisville State School Centenary, H4.307/30/1 (Book) [R. Matthews] INTERNATIONAL Evidence explained: citing history sources from artifacts to cyberspace. L2/1/35 (Book) [C. Baxter] Hen frigates: wives of merchant captains under sail. L3/30/3 (Book) [M. Nabke] BRITAIN My ancestor was a lunatic: a guide to sources for family historians. M2/10/157 (Book) My ancestor was a leather worker: a guide to sources for family historians. M2/10/158 (Book) The consistory minutes and poor relief accounts of the French Church at Thorpe-Le- Soken M3/3/64 (Book) On the strength: the story of the British army wife. M3/70/28 (Book) [C. Gall] September DESCENT

59 ENGLAND Some rural Quakers: a history of Quakers and Quakerism at the corners of the four shires of Oxford, Warwick, Worcester and Gloucester. N3/99/5 (Book) [E. Hurst] Gloucestershire Transactions of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society. N4.14/2/132 (Book) Lancashire The registers of Collegiate Church of St Mary, St Denys and St George: Manchester N7.20/1/183 (Book) London St Mark's Dalston: N4.23/91/20 Villa Stack (Book) [Anon. Don.] Turner's Company apprenticeships: N8.23/12/54 (Book) Butcher's Company apprenticeships: N8.23/12/55 (Book) Skinners's Company apprenticeships: N8.23/12/56 (Book) Somerset Inside Somerset. N8.34/40/2 (Book) [J. Fairs] Parish registers for Ashwick, ENG-SOM-PR:152(a) (Microfiche) [R. Matthews] Parish registers for Bishops Lydeard, : baptisms and burials. ENG-SOM- PR:153(a) (Microfiche) Parish registers for Bath, St James, : baptisms and burials. ENG-SOM- PR:154 (Microfiche) Parish registers for Buchland Dinham, : baptisms, marriages and burials. ENG-SOM-PR:155 (Microfiche) Parish registers for Blagdon, : baptisms and burials. ENG-SOM-PR:156 (Microfiche) Parish registers for Burnett, : baptisms and burials. ENG-SOM-PR:157 (Microfiche) Parish registers for Babington, : baptisms and burials. ENG-SOM-PR:158 (Microfiche) Parish registers for Barrington, : baptisms and burials. ENG-SOM- PR:159 (Microfiche) Parish registers for Bath Abbey, : baptisms and burials. ENG-SOM- PR:160 (Microfiche) Parish registers for Bath, St Michael, : baptisms and burials. ENG-SOM- PR:161 (Microfiche) Parish registers for Cameley, : baptisms, marriages and burials. ENG- SOM-PR:162(a) (Microfiche) Parish registers for Cameley, : baptisms, marriages and burials. ENG- SOM-PR:162(b) (Microfiche) Parish registers for Cameley, : baptisms, marriages and burials. ENG- SOM-PR:162(c) (Microfiche) Parish registers for Cameley, : marriages and banns. ENG-SOM- PR:162(d) (Microfiche) Parish registers for Cameley, : baptisms. ENG- SOM-PR:162(e) (Microfiche) DESCENT September

60 Parish registers for Cameley, : marriages. ENG-SOM-PR:162(f) (Microfiche) Parish registers for Cameley, : marriages. ENG-SOM-PR:162(g) (Microfiche) Parish registers for Cameley, : burials. ENG-SOM-PR:162(h) (Microfiche) Bishops Transcripts for Cameley, ENG-SOM-PR:163(a) (Microfiche) Bishops Transcripts for Cameley, ENG-SOM-PR:163(b) (Microfiche) Parish registers for Camerton, : baptisms, marriages and burials. ENG- SOM-PR:164 (Microfiche) Parish registers for Chelwood, : general register. ENG-SOM-PR:165(a) (Microfiche) Parish registers for Chelwood, : general register. ENG-SOM-PR:165(b) (Microfiche) Parish registers for Chew Magna, : baptisms and burials. ENG-SOM- PR:166 (Microfiche) Parish registers for Chew Stoke, : baptisms and burials. ENG-SOM- PR:167 (Microfiche) Parish registers for Chewton Mendip, : baptisms and burials. ENG-SOM- PR:168 (Microfiche) Parish registers for Chilcompton, : baptisms and burials. ENG-SOM- PR:169(a) (Microfiche) Parish registers for Chilcompton, : baptisms and burials. ENG-SOM- PR:169(b) (Microfiche) Parish registers for Compton Dando, : baptisms, marriages and burials. ENG-SOM-PR:170 (Microfiche) Parish registers for Compton Martin, : baptisms, marriages and.eng- SOM-PR:171 (Microfiche) Parish registers for Corston, : baptisms, marriages and burials. ENG- SOM-PR:172 (Microfiche) Parish registers for Doulting, : baptisms and burials. ENG-SOM-PR:173 (Microfiche) [All Somerset Microfiche donated by R. Matthews] Yorkshire Records of Stainburn Chapelry, N7.43/1/180 (Book) Kirkby Overblow Parish Registers N7.43/1/CD.11 (CD ROM) SCOTLAND Aberdeenshire The kirkyards of Lumphanan. P7.1/11/Pam.92 (Pamphlet) The kirkyards of St Machar: part 1: Introduction and Sections A & B. P7.1/11/Pam.93(a) (Pamphlet) The kirkyards of St Machar: part 2: Sections C & D. P7.1/11/Pam.93(b) (Pamphlet) The kirkyards of St Machar: part 3: Sections E & F. P7.1/11/Pam.93(c) (Pamphlet) The kirkyards of St Machar: part 4: Sections G, H, N, X and Index. P7.1/11/Pam.93(d) (Pamphlet) IRELAND Antrim Toreagh Primary School: 190 years. R4.1/30/Pam.1 (Pamphlet) [McMurtry Don.] September DESCENT

61 Census of population 1971: supplement to the 1961 topographical index. R8/40/1961 (Book) [McMurtry Don.] INDIA The pioneers : the early British tea and coffee planters and their way of life. V3.IND/60/4 (Book) [C. Gall] GERMANY Dusseldorf Germany Map index. W8/42/Pam.3 (Pamphlet) [S. Jackson] Frankfurt am main Germany map Index. W8/42/Pam.4 (Pamphlet) [S. Jackson] Holiday Hours for the SAG Advanced Notice The SAG s libraries will close at 4pm on Wednesday 23 December Kent Street will reopen to researchers on Tuesday 5 January 2016 at 10am, and Richmond Villa will reopen for research on Thursday 7 January. Please note during this library closure period staff will be working at our headquarters, Richmond Villa, and our main telephone line (02) will be monitored. Our online shop, event registrations and renewal services will continue to operate. The phone at 379 Kent Street will NOT be answered during this holiday closure period. DESCENT September

62 E n q u i r i e s & R e u n i o n s C a n Y o u H e l p? Every member is entitled to one free entry in this section per year, space permitting. Additional entries (limit two) can be included at a cost of $16.50 each. Enquiries will be printed for non-members at a cost of $16.50 each. Each must be limited to sixty words and should follow the format shown. This word limit includes name, address and membership number. Please help other readers by showing the county, state or country after place names and by using the Chapman County Codes (available on the SAG website) whenever possible. Enquiries are published in the order received. We prefer you to lodge your enquiry by to info@sag.org.au Enquiries JACOB: Seeking information on JACOB family of Raymond Terrace, NSW area. Specifically visual records (paintings etc.) pertaining to Capt. Vickers JACOB b d Calcutta or his sons, The Hon. Archibald Hamilton JACOB b.1829 Ashfield, NSW and Robert JACOB b d North Sydney NSW all being descendants of William JACOB of Horseheath Cambridge, England d and of which line much textual data held but few pictorial artefacts. Please contact: Mr Steve Jacob, 34 Belford Street, Ingleburn NSW sjjacob@bigpond.net.au (3302) PALMERS IN IRELAND: Seeking ancestors for Thomas PALMER of Durrow - Kilkenny/Laois who m. in 1770 Letitia PHILLIPS of Freshford, Kilkenny. The PHILLIPS family may have been Quakers. They had two known sons (1) Thomas b came to Wollongong March 1841 with three younger sons John, Henry and Richard Elliott and d. several weeks later (2) Richard Elliott PALMER b. 1783/4 attorney of Birr, m. Catherine PALMER 1806, d. in hunting accident 1812 leaving children Anne and Thomas who owned Nun's Island Bakery and Brewery, Galway and John PALMER of Tralee who owned Bunnow Bakery Tralee. Please contact: Miss Essie Moffat, Apt 55, The Manor, 6 Tarragal Glen Ave, Erina NSW 2250 Ph: (5999) September DESCENT

63 Reunions ALEXANDER MACKIE TEACHERS COLLEGE, PADDINGTON: The graduating class of 1962 is holding a reunion on the 6 November at the Bowler's Club, 99 York Street, Sydney. We are particularly trying to contact twins, Jill and Jennifer ROACH, from our year. Jill was not married and taught at Denistone East Public School at one time. She lived at Pennant Hills. Jennifer was married. Please contact: Liz Ludwig on foxes9@westnet.com.au Ph: or STUBBS: Saturday 31 October 2015 Ebenezer Church Grounds, 95 Coromandel Road, Ebenezer NSW. Annual gathering of descendants of William STUBBS and Sarah WINGATE (arrived Coromandel 1802). This year we celebrate the 200 th Anniversary of the arrival of Thomas YARWOOD (WOODS). Family names include STUBBS, WOODS (YARWOOD), SULLIVAN, EVERINGHAM. Commencing at 9.30am with a meeting/photographs at 10.00am followed by a Church Service at 11.30am. Free sausage sizzle. BYO drinks, etc. RSVP by 15 October stubbs1802@gmail.com For further information: DESCENT September

64 September DESCENT