Construction Waste and Resources Management Plan (Appendix B7)

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2 Document Control Title: General Description: Document Path: Construction Waste and Resources Management Plan Doc No: NCX-LLB QA-PL-0057 Revision History Revision Date Description Section/Page No. Revision A (00) 14/10/14 Draft for Internal Review N/A Revision B (01) 03/11/14 Draft for Client/ER Review N/A Revision 02 24/02/15 Issued for Client Review N/A Revision 03 24/03/15 For Agency Review N/A Revision 04 22/04/15 DP&E Comments Addressed N/A Revision 05 23/04/15 Further update for DP&E N/A Lend Lease Bouygues Joint Venture ALL-LLB QA-PL-0057_05 Page i

3 Contents 1. Introduction Context Background Environmental Management Systems Overview Purpose and Objectives Purpose Objectives Environmental Requirements Relevant Legislation and Guidelines Legislation Guidelines and Standards Minister s Conditions of Approval Revised Environmental Management Measures RMS Requirements Environmental Aspects and Impacts Construction Waste Streams Construction Resource Consumption Impacts Waste and Resource Classification Classification of waste Waste Classification Guidelines Part 1: Classifying Waste Classification of Project waste streams Waste Hierarchy Waste Avoidance/Reductions Reuse and Recycling Waste Handling and Storage Waste Disposal Waste Exemptions Resource conservation Environmental Management Measures Compliance management Roles and Responsibilities Lend Lease Bouygues Joint Venture ALL-LLB QA-PL-0057_05 Page ii

4 7.2. Training Monitoring and Inspection Licences and Permits Auditing Reporting Waste Management Register Waste Reduction & Purchasing Policy Waste Avoidance and Resource Recovery Reporting National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Review and Improvement Continuous Improvement CWRMP Update and Amendment Appendices Appendix A Contact list for potential waste facilities Appendix B Location of Possible Local Waste Facilities Appendix C Example Waste Management Register and Waste Tracking Table Lend Lease Bouygues Joint Venture ALL-LLB QA-PL-0057_05 Page iii

5 Glossary / Abbreviations CEMP Construction Environmental Management Plan CoA Condition of Approval CLM Act Contaminated Land Management Act 1997 CT Contamination Threshold EEO Act The Energy Efficiency Opportunities Act 2006 EHC Act Environmentally Hazardous Chemicals Act 1985 EIS Environmental Impact Statement EMS Environmental Management Systems ENM Excavated Natural Material EPA Environment Protection Authority NSW EP&A Act Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979 EPL Environmental Protection Licence EWMS Environmental Work Method Statements GMR Global Minimum Requirements LLBJV Lend Lease Bouygues Joint Venture NCX NorthConnex NGER Act The National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Act 2007 OEH Office of Environment and Heritage REMM Revised Environmental Management Measures SPIR Submissions and Preferred Infrastructure Report POEO Act Protection of the Environment Operations Act 1997 SCC Specific Contaminant Concentration SWA Safe Work Australia TCLP Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure VENM Virgin Excavated Natural Material WARR Act Waste Avoidance and Resource Recovery Act 2001 CWRMP Waste and Resource Management Plan WRAPP Waste Reduction and Purchasing Policy Lend Lease Bouygues Joint Venture ALL-LLB QA-PL-0057_05 Page iv

6 1. Introduction 1.1. Context This Construction Waste and Resource Management Sub Plan (CWRMP or Plan) forms part of the Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) for the construction of the NorthConnex Project. The Project was approved by the Minister for Planning on 13 January 2015 The NorthConnex Project involves the construction of a multi-lane motorway linking the M1 Pacific Motorway at Wahroonga to the Hills M2 Motorway at West Pennant Hills, including integration works with the Hills M2 Motorway (the Project). The Project comprises of twin road tunnels generally following the alignment of Pennant Hills Road (the main alignment tunnels), with interchanges at the northern and southern end of the Project and the provision of a new westbound lane on the Hills M2 Motorway extending through to the Windsor Road off-ramp. The Project is being constructed by a joint venture partnership comprising Lend Lease and Bouygues (the LLBJV). This CWRMP has been prepared to address the requirements of the Minister s Conditions of Approval (CoA), the mitigation measures listed in the NorthConnex Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) and the Revised Environmental Mitigation Measures (REMMs) within the Submissions & Preferred Infrastructure Report (SPIR), and all applicable legislation Background In October 2013, the NorthConnex Project was declared to be State significant infrastructure and critical State significant infrastructure (SSI 13_6136) under Part 5.1 the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act The NorthConnex - Environmental Impact Statement (AECOM July 2014) assessed the impacts of construction in terms of waste generation and resource use within chapter 8 (specifically sections 8.3 and 8.4). The EIS identified the various waste streams that would be generated during the construction of the Project, including soil, construction and demolition waste, hazardous waste, vegetation waste, wastewater, sewage from the site compounds, litter, fuels and oils, and general site/office waste. The EIS identified opportunities to avoid, reuse and recycle wastes. The EIS identified the main sources and estimated quantities of resource consumption for the Project in the areas of fuel used by construction plant and equipment, construction materials, water consumption, and power Environmental Management Systems Overview The overall Environmental Management System (EMS) for the Project is described in the Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP). The CWRMP is part of the LLBJV environmental management framework for the Project, as described in Section 4.1 of the CEMP. Management measures identified in this Plan will be incorporated into site or activity specific Environmental Work Method Statements (EWMS). Used together, the CEMP, plan/s and EWMS form management approaches that clearly identify required environmental management actions for reference by LLBJV personnel and contractors. The review and document control processes for this Plan are described in Chapter 10 of the CEMP. Lend Lease Bouygues Joint Venture ALL-LLB QA-PL-0057_05 Page 1

7 2. Purpose and Objectives 2.1. Purpose The purpose of this Plan is to describe how the LLBJV proposes to minimise the amount of waste for disposal and reduce resource consumption during construction of the Project Objectives The key objective of the CWRMP is to ensure that waste for disposal and resource use are minimised through waste generation avoidance and maximise resource reuse and recycling. To achieve this objective, the LLBJV will undertake the following: Ensure measures are identified and implemented to minimise and manage waste and minimise resource consumption throughout the construction of the Project. Ensure the preferred waste management hierarchy of avoidance, minimisation, reuse, recycling and disposal are followed. Provide staff with an increased level of understanding and awareness of waste and resource management issues. Ensure appropriate measures are implemented to address the relevant CoA, REMMs and Roads and Maritime Specification D&C G36 Environmental Protection. Ensure appropriate measures are implemented to comply with all relevant legislation and other requirements as described in Section 3.1 of this Plan. Avoid the unnecessary production of waste where practical to do so, in accordance with the waste hierarchy as set out by the Waste Avoidance and Resource Recovery Act Dispose of waste materials in accordance with legislative requirements. Meet sustainability objectives and commitments outlined within the Sustainability Management Plan Lend Lease Bouygues Joint Venture ALL-LLB QA-PL-0057_05 Page 2

8 3. Environmental Requirements 3.1. Relevant Legislation and Guidelines Legislation Legislation and regulations relevant to waste and energy management includes: Protection of the Environment Operations Act 1997 (POEO Act). Protection of the Environment Operations (Waste) Regulation Waste Avoidance and Resource Recovery Act 2001 (WARR Act). Contaminated Land Management Act 1997 (CLM Act). National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Act 2007 (NGER Act). Environmentally Hazardous Chemicals Act 1985 (EHC Act). Relevant provisions of the above legislation are explained in the register of legal and other requirements included in Appendix A1 of the CEMP Guidelines and Standards The main guidelines, specifications and policy documents relevant to this Plan include: Waste Classification Guidelines (DECCW, 2009c). Waste Reduction and Purchasing Policy (RTA, 2009). NSW Waste Avoidance and Resource Recovery Strategy (2007). Roads and Maritime Specification D&C G36 Environmental Protection. Best Practice Waste Reduction Guidelines for the Construction and Demolition Industry (tools for Practice), Natural Heritage Trust, AS2601:1991 Demolition of Structures Minister s Conditions of Approval The CoA relevant to this Plan are listed in Table 3-1 below. A cross reference is also included to indicate where the condition is addressed in this Plan or other Project management documents. Table 3-1 Conditions of Approval relevant to the CWRMP CoA No. Condition Requirements Document Reference B26 B27 B28 B29 Waste generated outside the site shall not be received at the site for storage, treatment, processing, reprocessing, or disposal on the site, except as expressly permitted by a licence or waste exemption under the POEO Act, if such a licence is required in relation to that waste. The reuse and/or recycling of waste materials generated on site shall be maximised as far as practicable, to minimise the need for treatment or disposal of those materials off site. All liquid and/or non-liquid waste generated on the site shall be assessed and classified in accordance with Waste Classification Guidelines (Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water 2009). All waste materials removed from the SSI site shall only be directed to a waste management facility or premises lawfully permitted to accept the materials. Table 6-1 Table 6-1 Table 6-1 Table 6-1 D56 (e) (iii) measures to monitor and manage waste generated during construction including but not necessarily limited to: general procedures for waste classification, handling, reuse, and disposal; use of secondary waste material in construction wherever feasible and reasonable; procedures or dealing with green waste including timber and mulch from clearing activities; and measures for reducing demand on water resources (including potential for reuse of treated water from sediment control basins). Table 6-1 Lend Lease Bouygues Joint Venture ALL-LLB QA-PL-0057_05 Page 3

9 3.2. Revised Environmental Management Measures The revised environmental management measures (REMM) from the SPIR relevant to this Plan are listed in Table 3-2 below. A cross reference is also included to indicate where the REMM is addressed in this Plan. Where conditions are not specifically addressed in this Plan, justification is provided. The timing of when the commitment applies has also been included. Table 3-2 Revised Management Measures relevant to this CWRMP Ref # Commitment Timing CWRMP Reference REMM RW1 Resource REMM RW2 Resource REMM RW3 Resource Wherever feasible and reasonable, construction material would be sourced from within the Sydney region. Unnecessary resource consumption would be avoided by making realistic predictions on the required quantities of resources, such as construction materials. Resource recovery, which includes re-use, recycling and reprocessing, would be applied to the management of construction waste and would include: Pre-Construction and Construction Table 6-1 Construction Table 6-1 Construction Table 6-1 REMM RW4 Waste Recovery of resources for reuse. Waste materials generated by the Project would be re-used either on-site or off-site where possible, including the re-use of top soil in landscape works, and the use of mulch for erosion and sediment controls. Recovery of resources for recycling. Resources would be segregated for recycling such as paper, plastic, glass, aluminium cans and other recyclable materials generated during construction. These materials would then be sent to an appropriate recycling facility for processing. Recovery of resources for reprocessing. Cleared vegetation would be mulched or chipped on-site and used for landscaping, in the absence of a higher beneficial use being identified. Wastes would be managed and disposed of in accordance with relevant State legislation and government policies including the POEO Act, Waste Avoidance and Resource Recovery Act 2001, Waste Avoidance and Resource Recovery Strategy 2007 (DECC, 2007c) and the Waste Reduction and Purchasing Policy (RTA, 2009). Pre-Construction and construction Table 6-1 REMM RW5 Waste A Waste Management Plan would be prepared as part of the Construction Environmental Management Plan detailing appropriate procedures for waste management. Prior to construction and construction This Plan REMM RW6 Waste REMM RW7 Waste Wastes would be managed using the waste hierarchy principles of: Avoidance of unnecessary resource consumption to reduce the quantity of waste being generated. Recover of resources for re-use on-site or off-site for the same or similar use, without reprocessing. Recover of resources through recycling and reprocessing so that waste can be processed into a similar non-waste product and re-used. Disposal of residual waste. Residual waste would be disposed of to a suitably licensed landfill or waste management facility where there are no other feasible and reasonable options for waste avoidance, re-use or recycling. Waste materials requiring removal from the site would be classified, handled and stored on-site in accordance with the Waste Classification Guidelines: Part 1 Classifying Waste (DECCW, 2009c) until collection by a contractor for disposal. Construction Table 6-1 Construction Table 6-1 REMM RW8 Waste Off-site re-use of waste would comply with relevant EPA resource recovery exemptions and requirements. Construction Table 6-1 REMM RW10 Asbestos handling and management would be undertaken in accordance Construction Table 6-1 Lend Lease Bouygues Joint Venture ALL-LLB QA-PL-0057_05 Page 4

10 Ref # Commitment Timing CWRMP Reference Waste REMM RW11 Waste REMM RW12 Waste REMM RW13 Waste REMM RW14 Waste REMM RW15 Waste REMM GHG1 Resource REMM GHG2 Resource REMM GHG3 Resource REMM GHG4 Resource REMM GHG5 Resource with: Work Health and Safety Act Code of Practice for the Safe Removal of Asbestos 2 nd Edition (NOHSC, 2005a). Code of Practice for the Management and Control of Asbestos in Workplaces (NOHSC, 2005b). Protection of the Environment Operations (Waste) Regulation 2005 section 42 special requirements relating to asbestos waste. AS2601:1991 Demolition of Structures. A spoil management strategy would be developed prior to the commencement of construction and implemented during construction. The strategy would identify spoil disposal site and describe the management of spoil on -site and during off-site transport. Where possible and fit for purpose, spoil would be beneficially re-used within the Project before off -site re-use or disposal options are pursued. Before being transported from construction sites, excavated spoil would be classified in accordance with the Waste Classification Guidelines: Part 1 Classifying Waste (DECCW, 2009c) to ensure appropriate reuse or disposal. Feasible and reasonable opportunities for wastewater re-use on-site or for construction purposes would be pursued (such as dust suppression both in the tunnels and for surface works). Wastewater not used on-site would be discharged into the local stormwater system in accordance with the requirements of an environment protection licence issued for the Project. Emissions intensity of construction materials would be considered during procurement. Where feasible, recycled content road construction and maintenance materials such as recycled aggregates in road pavement and surfacing would be used. The fuel efficiency of the construction plant and equipment would be considered during selection. Project planning would be aim to minimise double handling of materials, long haulage distances and additional fuel use. Locally produced goods and services would be procured where feasible and cost effective to reduce transport fuel emissions. Prior to construction /Construction Table 6-1 Spoil Management Strategy (Construction Management Plan) Construction Table 6-1 Spoil Management Strategy (Construction Management Plan) Construction Table 6-1 Construction Table 6-1 Construction Table 6-1 Procurement Table 6-1 Procurement Table 6-1 Procurement / Prior to construction Table 6-1 Prior to construction Table 6-1 Procurement / Prior to construction Table RMS Requirements The Project Deed specifies environmental requirements and measures to be implemented by LLBJV. The Deed includes the requirements of Roads and Maritime Specification D&C G36 Environmental Protection. G36 requirements relating to the mitigation and management of waste and resources are detailed in Table 3-3. A Lend Lease Bouygues Joint Venture ALL-LLB QA-PL-0057_05 Page 5

11 cross reference is also included to indicate where the condition is addressed in this Plan. This plan fulfils the requirements of Section to generate a Waste Management Sub-Plan as an appendix to the CEMP. Table 3-3 G36 Requirements relevant to this CWRMP Ref # Requirement CWRMP Reference Section 4.11 Prepare a Waste Management Sub-Plan as part of the CEMP, or include mitigation strategies within the CEMP, to manage and minimise the generation of waste. Be guided by the following publications when preparing the Waste Management Sub-Plan or mitigation strategies: EPA Waste Classification Guidelines ; Section 5.1 NSW Government Waste Reduction and Purchasing Policy (WRAPP); Section 7.5 Section 4.11 RMS Waste Fact Sheets: Virgin Excavated Natural Material (VENM), Excavated Natural Material (ENM), Excavated Public Road Materials, Recovered Aggregates, Asbestos Waste and Waste Sampling. The Waste Management Sub-Plan or mitigation strategies must: a. identify the waste streams that will be generated during the Contract; b. provide details, for each of the identified waste streams, of the following: i. the waste classification (refer to EPA s Waste Classification Guidelines and RMS Waste Fact Sheets); Section 5.1 Section 4.1 Section 5.3 Section 5.3 ii. how and where the waste is to be reused, recycled, stockpiled or disposed of; Section 5.3 iii. the receptacles that will be used for storing identified waste materials prior to reuse, recycling, stockpiling or disposal; iv. how, and by whom, will the waste be transported between generation, storage and point of reuse, recycling, stockpiling or disposal v. sampling and testing requirements (refer to RMS Waste Fact Sheet Waste Sampling ); vi. procedures for verifying licenses and permits for handling, transportation and disposal of waste; c. provide controls for minimising consumption of fuel, oil and other consumables, on-site electricity and water required for construction; d. include methods for monitoring the implementation of the Waste Management Sub-Plan or mitigation strategies; e. identify the need or otherwise for s.143 Notices (see Clause ) or any other additional approval, licence and/or permit from an appropriate authority or the Principal; f. comply with the requirements of the POEO Act for any non-licensed as well as licensed waste activities that involve the storage, transport, treatment and/or disposal of waste. Section 5.4 Section 5.4 Section 5.4 Section 5.4 Section 6 Section 7 Section 8 Section 5.4 Section 5.4 Lend Lease Bouygues Joint Venture ALL-LLB QA-PL-0057_05 Page 6

12 4. Environmental Aspects and Impacts 4.1. Construction Waste Streams The following construction related waste streams have been identified: Wastes from existing structures that require removal (including asbestos), pipe work, pavements, tarmac and concrete pathways. Excavation wastes (detailed further in Table 5-2). Residual water generated from tunnel excavation and other construction activities. Wastewater from other sources such plant wash down, sewage/greywater from construction compounds. Wastes produced from operation and maintenance of various construction machinery and equipment including fuels, oils and liquid waste from cleaning, repairing and maintenance. Vegetation from removal of shrubs and trees. Packaging materials associated with items delivered to site such as timber frames, pallets, crates, cartons and plastics. General waste including recyclables scrap materials, biodegradable material and office waste Construction Resource Consumption The following sources of construction related resource consumption have been identified for the Project: Procurement and delivery of materials to site. Removal of vegetation. Site establishment, including compound set up. Relocation and protection of services. Earthworks including shaft excavation and road widening. Tunnelling works. Removal, relocation and compaction of excavated material. Construction of pavements, bridges and culverts. Demolition of structures and pavements. Operation of site compounds and lighting. Construction plant and machinery. Concrete. The indicative amount of resources required for the construction of the Project have been provided in Table 4-1 and Table 4-2 Table 4-1 Indicative resources required for NorthConnex Project Item Material Anticipated Quantity Plain shotcrete Concrete 41,000m³ Steel fibre reinforced shotcrete (steel fibre at 40kg/m3) -concrete Concrete 221,000m³ Steel fibre reinforced shotcrete (steel fibre at 40kg/m3) -steel Polypropylene reinforced shotcrete (polypropylene at 20kg/m3) - polypropylene Metals 7,800t Plastic 165,000t No-fines Concrete 64,000m³ Base paving Concrete 64,000m³ New jersey kerbs Concrete 26,000m³ Lend Lease Bouygues Joint Venture ALL-LLB QA-PL-0057_05 Page 7

13 Item Material Anticipated Quantity Piles Concrete 59,000m³ Retaining walls Concrete 54,000m³ Rock bolts Metals 3,500t Rebar Metals 5,280t Asphalt 25,000t Other (5% recycled asphalt pavement) Conduit PVC 100mm dia PVC 810,000m Cable multi core copper w PVC shield Metals and other 1,650t Services fire and water, 100m diameter Metals 66,000m Electronic signs Metals 50 Lights high pressure sodium Other 3,500 Fans impulse jet fan Metals 140 Substations Concrete and metals 7 Concrete drainage pipes 450 dia RRJ Concrete 18,000m Table 4-2 Indicative volume of water supply during construction Source Southern Interchange Wilson Road Trelawney Street Northern Interchange Roadwork Total potable water supply during construction period (ML) Sydney water mains Total nonpotable water supply during construction period (ML) Collected rainwater Treated groundwater Impacts The potential environmental impacts associated with waste and resource use during construction include: Excessive volumes of spoil directed to landfill due to inadequate recycling and reuse. Excessive volumes of waste directed to landfill due to excessive resource consumption and inadequate collection, classification and disposal of waste. Contamination of soil, surface and / or groundwater from the inappropriate storage, transport and disposal of liquid and solid waste. Generation of excessive waste Inappropriate disposal of waste, such as concrete, timber, asphalt, excavated soil and rock. Inappropriate disposal of vegetation waste from clearing activities. Inappropriate disposal of waste from site compound facilities. Inappropriate disposal of hazardous waste. Generation or spread of contaminated waste/soils. Lend Lease Bouygues Joint Venture ALL-LLB QA-PL-0057_05 Page 8

14 5. Waste and Resource Classification 5.1. Classification of waste Waste Classification Guidelines Part 1: Classifying Waste Where waste cannot be avoided, reused or recycled it will be classified and appropriate disposal will then occur. The classification of waste is undertaken in accordance with the Environment Protection Authority s (EPA) Waste Classification Guidelines Part 1: Classifying Waste (DECCW, 2009c). This document identifies six classes of waste: Special, Liquid, Hazardous, Restricted Solid, General Solid (putrescible) and General Solid (nonputrescible), and describes a six step process to classifying waste. The six step process must be applied in the order presented and once a waste is classified under a particular step, conclude the classification and do not progress to the next step (unless the waste is asbestos waste). That six step process is described below: Step 1: Is the waste special waste? Establish if the waste should be classified as special waste. Special wastes are: clinical and related, asbestos, waste tyres. Definitions are provided in the guidelines. Note: Asbestos and clinical wastes must be managed in accordance with the requirements of Part 7 of the Protection of the Environment Operations (Waste) Regulation 2014 which outline special requirements in the areas of transportation, disposal, re-use or recycling. Relevant WorkCover requirements will also be complied with and detailed further in Project Work Health and Safety (WH&S) documentation. Note: Where asbestos is mixed with other waste to form asbestos waste, the generator must continue to assess the waste in accordance with the remainder of the steps in this guide. Asbestos waste can only be disposed of at a waste facility that can lawfully receive asbestos and the other class of waste with which it is mixed (if any). If it is established that the waste is not special waste, progress to waste classification under Step 2. Step 2: Is the waste liquid waste? Liquid waste means any waste that: has an angle of repose of less than 5 above horizontal, becomes freeflowing at or below 60 Celsius or when it is generally not capable of being picked up by a spade or shovel during transport. Liquid wastes are sub-classified into: Sewer and stormwater effluent. Trackable liquid waste according to Protection of the Environment Operations (Waste) Regulation Non-trackable liquid waste. If it is established that the waste is not liquid waste, progress to waste classification under Step 3. Step 3: Is the waste pre-classified? The EPA has pre-classified several commonly generated wastes in the categories of hazardous, general solid waste (putrescibles) and general solid waste (non-putrescibles). If a waste is listed as pre-classified, no further assessment is required. Note: Wastes that have been classified by the EPA cannot be reclassified by any other party. A list of all preclassified waste streams is located in NSW EPA Waste Classification Guidelines Part 1: Classifying Waste (pg. 7-10). If it is established that the waste is not pre-classified waste, progress to waste classification under Step 4. Lend Lease Bouygues Joint Venture ALL-LLB QA-PL-0057_05 Page 9

15 Step 4: Does the waste possess hazardous characteristics? If the waste is not special waste (other than asbestos waste), liquid waste or pre-classified, establish if it has certain hazardous characteristics and can therefore be classified as hazardous waste. Hazardous waste includes items such as explosives, flammable solids, substances liable to spontaneous combustion, oxidizing agents and organic peroxides, toxic substances and corrosive substances. If it is established that the waste is not hazardous waste, progress to waste classification under Step 5. Step 5: Determining a waste s classification using chemical assessment If the waste does not possess hazardous characteristics, it needs to be chemically assessed to determine whether it is hazardous, restricted solid or general solid waste (putrescible and non-putrescible). If the waste is not chemically assessed, it must be treated as hazardous. Waste is assessed by comparing Specific Contaminant Concentration (SCC) of each chemical contaminant, and where required the leachable concentration using the Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure (TCLP), against Contaminant Threshold (CT). If it is established that the waste is not hazardous or restricted waste, it is then general solid waste. Progress to waste classification under Step 6 and determine whether the general solid waste is putrescible or nonputrescible. Step 6: Is the general solid waste putrescible or non-putrescible? If the waste is chemically assessed as general solid waste, a further assessment is available to determine whether the waste is putrescible or non-putrescible. The assessment determines whether the waste is capable of significant biological transformation. If this assessment is not undertaken, the waste must be managed as general solid waste (putrescible) Classification of Project waste streams The construction aspects and types of wastes, which may be generated during construction, are outlined with classifications in Table 5-1 (below). This table acts as an example of how waste could potentially be classified and should not be used as a table of pre-classified waste. All waste onsite will need to be classified according to Section 5.1 of this plan. Table 5-1 Classification of potential waste streams Construction Activity Waste Type Waste Classification* Potential Reuse/Recycling or Disposal methods Demolition / Site Clearing Vegetation (logs, mulched timber, weeds) General solid waste(nonputrescible) Native Vegetation Reuse as biodiversity measures. Logs timber products. Mulch Reuse on site or off-site. Weeds Off-site disposal or deep burial. Concrete, asphalt, bricks and gravel General solid waste (nonputrescible) Crushed and used as backfill or as road base Crushed and used on access tracks for ongoing road maintenance Asbestos Special waste Off-site disposal at an approved facility Scrap metal General solid waste (nonputrescible) Off-site recycling Bulk Earthworks / Excavations/ Tunnel Construction VENM (Virgin Excavated Natural Material) or ENM (Excavated Natural Material) If material is taken off site classification will be carried out, based on soil tests carried out prior to construction and in accordance with the EPA Waste Classification Guidelines: Parts Beneficial reuse on site as engineering fills and where possible, optimise reuse on the Project. Relocate VENM or ENM to other RMS projects Relocate VENM or ENM to approved community beneficial use off-site. Lend Lease Bouygues Joint Venture ALL-LLB QA-PL-0057_05 Page 10

16 Construction Activity Waste Type Waste Classification* Potential Reuse/Recycling or Disposal methods 1 and 2 (DECC, 2009) Beneficial reuse off-site (s143 requirement). Potentially Contaminated Soils Off-site disposal at an approved facility Off-site reuse as engineering fill or used in earthworks On site burial / remediation Final option to be developed in consultation with contamination consultant through the development of a Remedial Action Plan (RAP) ASS/PASS on-site re-use or off-site disposal in accordance with CSWMP Appendix B Unexpected discovery of contaminated land procedure Road Construction Steel Reinforcing General solid waste (nonputrescible) Off-site recycling Conduits and pipes Concrete (solids and washouts) and asphalt Timber formwork Packaging Materials, including wood, plastic, cardboard and metals Empty oil and other drums Pesticides, herbicides, spill clean ups, paints and other chemicals General solid waste (nonputrescible) General solid waste (nonputrescible) General solid waste (nonputrescible) General solid waste (nonputrescible) General solid waste (nonputrescible) Hazardous waste / liquid waste / General solid waste (nonputrescible) Off-site Recycling Crushed and used as backfill or as road base where compliant with RMS specification R44. Alternatively it can be sent to off-site recycling Reuse onsite where possible or off site recycling Return to supplier where possible. Off-site recycling Return to supplier where possible. Off-site disposal at an approved facility. Return unused portions or empty containers to supplier where possible Off-site disposal at an approved facility Metals and electrical cabling Aerosol cans Sediment basin discharge and solids (sediment) General solid waste (nonputrescible) General solid waste (nonputrescible) Liquid waste / General Solid (non-putrescible) Off-site recycling / Use on other Roads and Maritime projects Off-site recycling Dust suppression / Beneficial reuse onsite (such as noise mounds or off-site as per CSWMP) Compounds and Workshop Operation Tyres Special waste Off-site disposal / recycling at an approved facility Waste generated by the maintenance of equipment including d oil filters and rags General solid waste (nonputrescible) Off-site disposal at an approved facility Oils, grease, fuel, chemicals and other fluids Liquid Off-site disposal at an approved facility Batteries Hazardous waste Off-site disposal / recycling at an approved facility Radiator Fluid Hazardous waste Off-site disposal at an approved facility Hydraulic Fluid Hazardous waste Off-site disposal at an approved facility Domestic waste generated by workers Sewage General solid waste (putrescible) General solid waste (putrescible) Off-site disposal at an approved facility Off-site disposal at an approved facility Lend Lease Bouygues Joint Venture ALL-LLB QA-PL-0057_05 Page 11

17 Construction Activity Waste Type Waste Classification* Potential Reuse/Recycling or Disposal methods Waste water / recycled water / storm water Liquid Treated and/or reused on-site when biologically and chemically suitable Office Operation Paper, cardboard and plastic General solid waste (nonputrescible) Off site recycling Glass bottles and aluminium cans General solid waste (nonputrescible) Off site recycling Ink cartridges General solid waste (nonputrescible) Off site recycling Food Waste General solid waste (putrescible) Off site disposal at an approved facility *Example waste classifications only 5.3. Waste Hierarchy Effluent Liquid Off-site disposal at an approved facility and/or treated and reused on site The waste hierarchy presented below is a key guide for waste management on the Project and shall be taken into account throughout the construction phase. Mitigation measures in Table 6-1 and Section 7 Compliance Management focus on the use of this waste hierarchy in order to achieve positive waste management results. Figure 5.4 Waste Minimisation Hierarchy Source: NSW EPA Lend Lease Bouygues Joint Venture ALL-LLB QA-PL-0057_05 Page 12

18 Waste Avoidance/Reductions The waste hierarchy nominates avoidance of waste as the most important priority. During the construction phase, the following measures will be implemented to avoid creation of waste; Ensuring that the necessary planning is undertaken to enable efficient management of the delivery and storage of materials, so as to avoid spoilage of materials. Wherever possible, establishing agreements with suppliers for take back arrangements for packaging/pallets/drums. Highlighting the minimisation of packaging as an important factor in the product procurement process. Ensuring correct types and quantities of materials are ordered, essentially avoiding excess material waste. Coordinating site activities to minimise waste through utilisation of unused materials. Employing trained and qualified plant and machinery operators to avoid damage to materials and reduce wastage of consumables during plant and machinery maintenance. Ensure that stored supplies are properly protected from the weather Reuse and Recycling Waste separation and segregation will be managed on-site to facilitate reuse and recycling as a priority of the waste management program as follows: Waste segregation onsite- waste materials, including spoil and demolition waste, will be separated onsite into dedicated bins/areas for either reuse onsite or collection by a waste contractor and transport to off-site facilities. Waste separation off-site- wastes to be deposited into one bin where no space is available for placement of multiple bins, and the waste is to be sorted off-site by a waste contractor. Waste within the office shall be segregated onsite with colour coded bins being provided for mixed recyclable, organic waste, landfill and paper. Blue paper bins will be provided throughout the office to encourage the recycling of scrap paper. Recycling of waste acts as an aspect of ISCA reporting. The Project will aim to meet the following waste recycling targets: 40-60% recycling of office waste % recycling of spoil, including spoil generated by the tunnel excavation works (please refer to the Spoil Management Strategy for examples of spoil recycling options) % recycling of inert and non-hazardous materials. Waste reuse off-site When possible, waste shall be beneficially reused off-site in accordance with relevant approvals including EP&A and POEO Act. This may occur through the following pathways and in compliance with appropriate legislation Resource recovery exemptions as referenced in Section 5.4 of this plan. Appropriately approved recycling facility. Appropriately approved developments which are able to accept waste through the use of a notice under Section 143(3A) of the POEO Act (s.143 Notice) as detailed in RMS G36. Waste sampling Waste sampling is to occur when waste is being transported offsite and reused for on another construction site or project. In general, waste sampling shall be in accordance with the relevant Resource Recovery Exemption as discussed in Section 5.4. Where large quantities are involved, further input from specialist may be obtained. In some instances project specific resource recovery exemptions may be sought from EPA. Lend Lease Bouygues Joint Venture ALL-LLB QA-PL-0057_05 Page 13

19 Waste Handling and Storage Where waste is required to be handled and stored onsite prior to onsite reuse or off-site recycling/disposal, it shall be stored in accordance with Waste Storage (Clause 42) limits within schedule 1 of the POEO Act. The following measures apply: Spoil, topsoil and mulch are to be stockpiled onsite in allocated areas where appropriate, and mitigation measures for dust control and surface water management will be implemented as per the Air Quality Management Plan and the Soil and Water Management Plan. Stockpiles will be clearly signposted. Liquid wastes are to be stored in appropriate containers in bunded areas until transported off-site. Bunded areas will have the capacity to hold 110 per cent of the liquid waste volume for bulk storage. Hazardous waste will be managed by appropriately qualified and licensed contractors, in accordance with the requirements of the Environmentally Hazardous Chemicals Act 1985 and the EPA waste disposal guidelines. All other recyclables or non-recyclables wastes are to be stored in appropriate receptacles (e.g. bins or skips) in appropriate locations onsite accessible to commissioned contractors who regularly remove/empty the bins to approved disposal or recycling facilities Waste Disposal Waste disposal is to be in accordance with the POEO Act and the Waste Avoidance and Resources Recovery Act Wastes that are unable to be reused or recycled will be disposed of off-site to an EPA approved waste management facility following classification. The locations of waste management/disposal facilities are included in Appendix A and B. Details of waste types, volumes and destinations are to be recorded in the Waste Management Register which is further discussed in Section 7.5 Reporting Requirements Waste Exemptions The Protection of the Environment Operations (Waste) Regulation 2014 enables the EPA to grant exemptions to the licensing and payment of levies for the land application or use of waste. The EPA has issued general exemptions for a range of commonly recovered, high volume and well characterised waste materials that allow their use as fill or fertiliser at unlicensed, off-site facilities. The general 'Resource Recovery Exemptions' may be applicable to this Project are defined in Table 5-2 below. These are general gazette exemptions that do not require approval. Prior to utilising these exemptions, the waste needs to be adequately classified using the waste classification hierarchy discussed in Section 5.3 in order to make sure that the waste meets the requirements of Table 5-2. This may include sampling and testing for example to prove that the material is ENM. Once classified these exemptions may be used to enable the reuse of waste rather than disposing of it at a licenced facility. A specific exemption may be granted where an application is made to the EPA. Table 5-2 Resource recovery exemptions Exemption Effluent Exemption 2014 Excavated Natural Material Exemption 2014 Excavated Public Road Material Exemption 2014 General Conditions The effluent can only be applied to land for the purposes of irrigation or as a soil amendment material. The consumer must land apply the effluent within a reasonable period of time. The chemical concentration or other attributes of the excavated natural material listed in the Excavated Natural Material Exemption must not be exceeded. The excavated natural material can only be applied to land as engineering fill or used in earthworks. ENM handling, processing and testing requirements are outlined in detail in the exemption The excavated public road material can only be stored within the road corridor at the site where it is to be applied to land. The excavated public road material can only be applied to land within the road corridor for public road related activities including road construction, maintenance and installation of road infrastructure facilities. This exemption does not apply to the land application of excavated public road material on any land outside the road corridor. Lend Lease Bouygues Joint Venture ALL-LLB QA-PL-0057_05 Page 14

20 Exemption General Conditions The excavated public road material cannot be applied on private land. The consumer must land apply the relevant waste within a reasonable period of time. Raw Mulch Exemption 2014 Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Exemption 2014 Recovered Aggregate Exemption 2014 Project specific exemptions The raw mulch can only be applied to land as a soil amendment material. The processor must ensure that the raw mulch is ready for land application prior to transport to a consumer. The consumer must not undertake further processing of the raw mulch at the land application site. The consumer must land apply the raw mulch as soon as possible after receipt at the land application site. The consumer must ensure that they do not cause or permit the migration of leachate from the land application site. The reclaimed asphalt pavement can only be: - Applied to land for road related activities including road construction or road maintenance activities, being: a. use as a road base and sub base. b. applied as a surface layer on road shoulders and unsealed roads c. use as engineering fill material. - Used as an alternative raw material in the manufacture of asphalt. The chemical concentration or other attribute of the recovered aggregate listed in Recovered Aggregate Exemption must be met. The recovered aggregate can only be applied to land for road making activities, building, landscaping and construction works. This approval does not apply to any of the following applications: - Construction of dams or related water storage infrastructure. - Mine site rehabilitation. - Quarry rehabilitation. - Sand dredge pond rehabilitation. - Back-filling of quarry voids. - Raising or reshaping of land used for agricultural purposes, and - Construction of roads on private land unless: a. the relevant waste is applied to land to the minimum extent necessary for the construction of a road and b. a development consent for the development has been granted under the relevant Environmental Planning Instrument (EPL), or c. it is to provide access (temporary or permanent) to a development approved by a Council, or d. the works undertaken are either exempt or complying development. Additionally, the following conditions must be met by the consumer Records of the quantity of the recovered aggregate received by the consumer and the suppliers name and address must be kept for a period of three years. The consumer must land apply the relevant waste within a reasonable period of time. Issued by EPA on a case-by-case basis Can be issued for the beneficial reuse of certain waste materials off-site which are fit for purpose and will cause no harm to the environment or human health Waste generator is responsible for demonstrating the above Application is required to be submitted to the EPA for consideration and approval Exemption only valid if implemented in accordance with its requirements 5.5. Resource conservation The Project team is dedicated to implementing resource conservation best practice by adopting energy efficient work practices to: Conducting awareness programs for all site personnel regarding energy conservation methods. Effective procurement practices. Considering sustainable design principles in the establishment of the Project compound sites. Mitigation measures based on resource conservation are detailed in Table 6-1. Lend Lease Bouygues Joint Venture ALL-LLB QA-PL-0057_05 Page 15

21 6. Environmental Management Measures A range of environmental requirements and control measures are identified in the various environmental documents, including the SPIR, Conditions of Approval, LLBJV EMS and other Roads and Maritime and NorthConnex Project Co documents. Specific management measures and requirements to address waste management and resource use are outlined in table 6.1. Table 6-1 Waste Management measures ID Measure / Requirement When to implement Responsibility Reference GENERAL WR1 The NSW Governments Waste Management Hierarchy of avoid-reduce-reuse- Prior to construction / Construction Manager / EIS/ SPIR (RW6) recycle- dispose will be followed as the framework of waste and resource Construction Environment Manager management throughout the Project. G36 WR2 WR3 WR4 WR5 Waste management measures from this CWRMP will be included in relevant Environmental Work Method Statements to be developed prior to the commencement of specific activities All staff and subcontractors will undergo a site induction and ongoing toolbox talks that will detail waste minimisation and reuse management measures (including the waste management hierarchy) and energy consumption All liquid and/or non-liquid waste generated on site shall be assessed and classified in accordance with Waste Classification Guidelines (Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water 2009) Waste materials generated by the Project will be re-used either on-site or off-site where possible, including the re-use of spoil for construction works, top soil in landscape works, and the use of mulch for erosion and sediment controls. Prior to construction / Construction Site Engineer / Environmental Officer Construction Environment Manager / Foreman Prior to construction / Construction Environment Manager / Environment Officer Construction Environment Manager / Engineers / Foreman / Superintendent Good practice SWTC (appendix 51) CoA (B28), EIS/ SPIR (RW7, RW13), G36 EIS/ SPIR (RW3, RW12), G36, LL GMR WR6 Resources shall be segregated for recycling such as paper, plastic, glass, aluminium cans and other recyclable materials generated during construction. These materials will then be sent to an appropriate recycling facility for processing. Where space constraints permit, cleared vegetation will be mulched or chipped onsite and used for landscaping, in the absence of a higher beneficial use being identified. In the event of discovery of previously unidentified area(s) of potentially contaminated material, the process detailed in the Soil and Water Management Plan will be followed. Construction Environment Manager / Engineers / Foreman / Superintendent Construction Environment Manager / Engineers / Foreman / Superintendent Construction Environment Manager / Engineers / Foreman / Superintendent EIS/ SPIR (RW3) LL GMR WR7 EIS/ SPIR (RW3) WR8 EIS/ SPIR (RW16) Lend Lease Bouygues Joint Venture ALL-LLB QA-PL-0057_05 Page 16

22 ID Measure / Requirement When to implement Responsibility Reference WR9 The handling of spoil generated during construction of the SSI is to be conducted in accordance with the Spoil Management Strategy Construction Environment Manager / Engineers / Foreman / Superintendent CoA (B30) WR10 WASTEWATER WR11 WR12 WR13 Demolition plans will include details of waste management and salvage, including resource recovery and recycling of demolition waste Where practicable, the collection and reuse of captured/recycled water for dust suppression wash down and use in amenities or revegetation will be carried out. Wastewater not reused on-site will be discharged into the local stormwater system in accordance with the requirements of an Environment Protection Licence issued for the Project. Wastewater collection points for the workshop wash bays will contain oil/water separators to remove hydrocarbons. MATERIALS SELECTION AND RESOURCE CONSUMPTION WR14 Where practicable, surplus existing materials (will be identified and utilised where fit for purpose. Prior to construction Environment Manager / Engineers / Foreman / Superintendent SWTC (appendix 51) EIS (Section 8.3) Construction Foreman CoA (B27), EIS/ SPIR (RW15) Construction Environment Officer / EIS/ SPIR (RW15) Foreman Prior to construction / Construction Prior to construction / Construction Foreman Environment Manager / Engineers / Foreman / Superintendent Good Practice Good practice WR15 Products and materials containing recycled content or packaging should be used as a preference to non-recycled materials. This information should be retained and reported Prior to construction / Construction Environment Manager / Engineers / Foreman / Superintendent LL GMR WR16 All photocopying and printing paper must contain at least 80% recycled content with documentation to verify its environmental qualities Construction Administration Manager/ Environment Manager LL GMR WR17 All timber products should be from proven legal sources. All construction timber should also be from sources that undertake sustainable land management practices and are supported by relevant recognised industry documentation to confirm the timber was grown and harvested in a sustainable manner Prior to construction / Construction Administration Manager/ Environment Manager LL GMR WR18 All manufactured products such as paints, carpets, furnishings, sealants, adhesives used within internal spaces or buildings should be preferably selected to emit low/no Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Prior to construction / Construction Administration Manager/ Environment Manager LL GMR Lend Lease Bouygues Joint Venture ALL-LLB QA-PL-0057_05 Page 17