OGRS Lab «Practical introduction to OrbisGIS 2.1» 9th, July 2009 Ecole Centrale of Nantes

Transcription

1 OGRS 2009 Lab «Practical introduction to OrbisGIS 2.1» 9th, July 2009 Ecole Centrale of Nantes Authors Petit Gwendall (IRSTV - FR CNRS Ecole Centrale de Nantes, France) Lepetit Arnaud (Laboratoire RESO I UMR CNRS 6590 ESO, France) Bocher Erwan (IRSTV - FR CNRS Ecole Centrale de Nantes, France) 1

2 2

3 This document is a support for the lab called «Practical Introduction to OrbisGIS» presented at the OGRS 2009 at «Ecole Centrale» of Nantes. Summary 1 - Presentation of OrbisGIS 2 - Starting an OrbisGIS project 3 - OrbisGIS interface components 4 - Organizing & Loading data 5 - Tools for navigation, selection and interrogation 6 - TOC : Table of contents 7 - Edit Legend / Thematic analysis 8 - Tools for displaying attributes 9 - Loading a WMS 10 - Exercice n Exercice n Bibliography Data for the lab - 4 folders with alphanumeric, vector, raster and WMS data - Vector : shape files from IGN (National Geographic Institute of France) : French departments - Raster : scan 1000 of IGN - Alphanumeric : demographic data from the general census of the population (INSEE) grouped by departments - WMS = Exercice n 1 - Vector : tronçon hydro (.shp) hydrographic network of Région Pays-de-la-Loire CLC06.shp Corine Land Cover 2006 Région Pays-de-la-Loire Exercice n 2 - Vector : French departments (.shp) - Alphanumeric : data on urban areas grouped by departments in 1990 and

4 1 - Presentation of OrbisGIS OrbisGIS is a GIS application dedicated to scientific simulations. Based on the Java Topoplogy Suite and ImageJ libraries, it proposes a complete and robust environment to display, process, modify and share spatial data sources. One of its main specificities is that it integrates two dedicated languages to manipulate information: GDMS (Generic Datasources Management System) for vector layers and attributes data, GRAP (GeoRAster Processing) for raster data such as aerial photos or digital elevation models. OrbisGIS is developped under GPL3 licence, by French IRSTV (Research Institute on Urban Sciences and Technics) - FR CNRS 2488 from 22/12/2007. OrbisGIS is available at 4

5 2 - Starting an OrbisGIS project Download and execute orbisgis-installer jar. Keep in mind that OrbisGIS needs JAVA 1.6 or higher to work The first time you start the OrbisGIS application, you need to specify a workspace. The workspace is a folder used to store all your customization in graphical user interface and the temporal datasources created during the processing. Accept when a message ask you if you want to create the new folder «OrbisGIS». 3 - OrbisGIS interface components OrbisGIS is a multi-document based application. It contains a set of various views as - map : to display and edit spatial objects, - table : to read and manipulate alphanumeric values, - SQL console : to execute SQL statements, - SQL repository : to look the available SQL functions... The four major components are Geocatalog, Geocognition, Map and TOC. To add a new window, go in the «View» menu and choose which one you want. 5

6 a- GeoCatalog (1) The GeoCatalog is a shared application that allows you to organize and access all GIS informations such as datasources, SQL queries... The GeoCatalog window extends the project manager concept that is available in many other GIS applications. The GeoCatalog includes tools to : - browse various datasources (raster, vector, from flat file or database, WMS), - create filters to classify the entries The DataSources node in the catalog tree contains a list of datasources opened by GDMS. The user can : obtain more information about a branch by displaying the data table, with a right-click, add or delete a datasource, drag and drop datasources in the TOC in order to display it in the Map View b- Geocognition (2) The Geocognition window can be considered like a project manager. It's used to manage several map views and it integrates a graphic query modeler. 6

7 c- Map and TOC (3) The Map View is the central application for all map-based tasks including display, spatial analysis, editing, thematic map and so on. A map is linked dynamically with the TOC view. The user can have several maps but only one TOC. When a map is active, the contains of the TOC change. A map includes - a menu bar (1), - a toolbar (2): It contains frequently used tools that let you navigate around the map, find and identify features. The user can see an area of a map using the zoom tool or move on it using the pan tool. - a map area (3): The map area provides a geographic window in which you can display and work with geographic information as series of layers Rq : - the map area is in the Editors window - If you don't share any layers in the TOC, a message appears : View not available. Select an associated editor d- Note Some additional capabilities can be added to all OrbisGIS through specialized extensions developed by users. 7

8 4 - Organizing & Loading data a- Different parts of the Geocatalog The Geocatalog is the place where you can organize your different files. You can load or add new files and you can search, filter or classify them. Search engine to find your layer (which are already loaded) Labels : select your layers by tag Filters : select the layers by file's type Place where the layers are listed Adding an existing file To add an existing file, make a right-click in the blank zone and select Add. Then can choose one among four type of files: You have 3 formats of database: PostgreSQL / PostGIS H2 database engine HSQL database - Convert XYZ DEM is for.xyz files - WMS Source : see next in this document. 8

9 b- Loading data In OrbisGIS, you can load data by using the GeoCatalog panel : In the GeoCatalog, right-click where you want in the blank panel and choose Add / File. In the input file panel, select Esri shapefile format. Select the file DEP_FRANCE.shp in the vector folder. The file will appear in the Geocatalog list. To display it, you must first create a new map with the Geocognition : Click on MyFirstMap and drag-drop it into the Editors area your new map should appear and your TOC may be active. Then, select the file in the Geocatalog and drag-drop it from Geocatalog to the TOC. If necessary, make a full zoom to see all the layer, with this tool c- Filters and Labels In the Geocatalog you can organize the files by two ways: the Filters and the Labels. (You can access these tools by clicking on the green arrows button). 1- The filters : by clicking in a type of file you can filter your layers 2- The Labels : it runs like a folder. Instead of moving your layers to different folders, you can apply Labels to your layers (for example : roads, rivers,...) 9

10 To apply a label, you must first create an item: 1- click on the «+» button 2- an input panel the name of your label appears and allows you to write 3- Then select your layer and right-click --> Tag --> The name of your label (here «Limites») - Now if you select the labels «Limites», only the tagged layer will appear Note that a layer can have many labels and that different types of layers can have the same label. - To remove a label of a layer, right-click on the layer --> Tag --> unchecked the label which you want to remove. Exercice Load different types of data : - add a vector layer (DEP_FRANCE.shp) in the geocatalog. Then, open the map and drag & drog the layer in the TOC - add a raster layer (SC1000_IGN.tif) and display it in the map - add an alphanumeric data (POP_DEP.csv) 10

11 5 -Tools for navigation, selection and interrogation a- Navigating in the map You can navigate in the map by using the «Navigation» toolbar. Zoom full Zoom In Zoom out Pan To use the Zoom in, draw a bow around a feature. To use the Zoom out, just click on the map. To use Zoom full, click on the button. It will zoom at the full extend level. If you want to move the displayed map area, use the Pan tool, click on the map and drag it in the direction you want. b- Identifying & selecting a feature - To select a feature, click on the black arrow. If you draw a rectangle on several features you will display all attributes for each feature. Be careful, you need to select a layer in the TOC to display the attributes. - To identify a feature, click the Info Tool on the toolbar. Move the mouse pointer over a feature in the map area and click. All attributes for this feature are listed in the Information window. If you draw a rectangle on several features you will display all attributes for each feature. Be careful, you need to select a layer in the TOC to display the attributes. 11

12 6 - TOC : Table of contents The TOC lets you turn layers on and off in the display area. Check, uncheck a layer. To change the name of a layer, double-click the layer to select it. Change the name and then press enter. If you want to change the layer's drawing order, click and drag the layer up or down. Several functionalities are available with a right click: Edit legend : to change the display of the layer or to make thematic analysis Show in table (is presented below - part 8) Export : save your layer in a file Processing : present different according to the type of layer Remove a layer Group layers : You can group many layers (for example a set of raster layers in a same layer collection) Start edition : to edit the layer (add field, modify or remove an object,...) tools Zoom to layer : zoom on the entire layer The scale In the bottom of the TOC you have a list which allows you to change easily the scale of your map. 12

13 7 - Edit Legend This tool allows a lot of layer appearance modifications. In the TOC, select a layer, make a right click and choose «Edit Legend». A new window appears a- Unique Symbol Click on «Unique symbol» The display's options of the layer appear Color of filling Color of the outline Thickness of the outline Transparency of the layer Preview of the result Give some scales where your layer will be display. Rq : If you click on «Current scale» you get the scale which is on your screen. 13

14 b- Thematic Analysis In the Legend Editor, you also have the possibility of realizing thematic analysis. You have various modes of representation,according to your data. At first, click on «+» in «Legend Edition's window». the toolbar of the A new window appear will appear. Then you have to select the type of analysis. Unique symbol : Each object have the same appearance. Value classification : Objects which are characterized by the same value, for a field, will have the same kind of appearance. Interval classification : The representation of objects is going to be function of intervals, calculated on one given field. The calculation can proceed of various mathematical models. Proportional Point : Symbols whose size varies according to values of a chosen field. Label : In order to describe objects by a label put on each object of a layer. After the selection, you just have to parameter your analysis. Example with the Value Classification in order to differentiate the regions of France («CODE_REG» is the field that we will use) 1 select the field in the drop-down list 2 click on «Add all», and «OK» 14

15 Be careful, for the various proposed analyses, list of the available fields is a function of the type of analysis and especially the type of fields. Ex: Proportional points are only compatible with numeric fields text fields does not appear in the list Delete an analysis To delete an analysis, you just have to select it and to click on «-» in the toolbar Remark : If you create several analyses, they will be quite shown in the map, in a superimposed way, in the order shown in the window of «Legend edition». Exercice Make some thematic analyses - Value classification COD_REG (one color per region) - Interval classification DENSITE06 (equivalence / 4 classes) - Proportional points POP06 - Label NOM_DEPT Modify all parameters you want in order to obtain a good visibility 15

16 8 - Tools for displaying values Attributes from the table and objects from the map are dynamically linked. If you select a row in the table, the corresponding object will be selected too in the map. a- Display the values To read the table, make a right click on the layer (in the Geocatalog or in the TOC) and choose «Show table». The table will appear in the Editor's window. b- Operations on a row When you select a row (click on the row of the field it becomes blue) and when you make a right-click, you have a set of functionalities : Select rows with the same value : explain below Select all rows Clear selection : unselect all the rows Move selection up : change the order of the row Remove selection : delete the selected row Zoom to selection : zoom to the selected row New row : add a row a window appears and allows you to introduce row values In the Table, when you select a row, a toolbar should appear in the menu bar: Undo the action Delete the selected object Move selection up New row Create new layer from selection* * When a row is selected, with this tool, a new layer (GDMS) is created and added in the Geocatalog. Then you can drag & drop it in the TOC. Use the Select rows with the same value tool This function works like a filter. For example we want to select all departments which are in the PROVENCE-ALPESCOTE-D'AZUR region. 1- select a row where the NOM_REGION is PROVENCE-ALPES-COTE-D'AZUR 16

17 2- click on the field 'NOM_REGION 3- right-click and Select rows with the same value All the rows with NOM_REGION = PROVENCE-ALPES-COTE-D'AZUR are selected, and you can show it in the map c- Operation on a field When you select a field (click on the name of the field it becomes blue) and when you make a right-click, you have a set of functionalities in function of the type of field (numeric, character,...): 1- For the characters fields Optimal width : OrbisGIS get the optimal width of the field. Set width : choose the width of the field Sort ascending / descending : order the values No sort : undo the sorting Change field name : rename the field Remove field : delete the field Add field : explain below 17

18 Show field info : presents technical indications on the field (like the type, the constraints,...). It is shown in the Output window. 2- For the numeric fields It is the same thing that character fields, but there is one function added : Show statistics : it presents statistic informations about the field (like the mean, max,...). It is shown in the Output window. 3- How to add a field? As seen before, select a field and make a right-click choose Add field. Name your new field and select the type. You have the choice between string, integer, double, boolean, date and geometry. If you want, you can add some constraints. They are in accordance with the type of field. Type of field Constraint Type of field Constraint String Length Boolean null Integer Length Date null Double Length Precision Geometry Geometry Dimension Click on Add and select the constraint. If you are satisfied, click on OK your new field appears in the table Rq : you can add a field even if you have not started the edition of your layer. 18

19 9 - Loading a WMS In the Geocatalog, add a new data and select «WMS Source» In your web navigator, go to : Then, copy & paste this adress, in the Serve URL : Then, click on «Connect...» and «Next» In the new window, choose these differents layers : - Sentiers littoraux - Fleuves - ORTHOPHOTOGRAPHIE LITTORALE / Orthophotographies / En vraies couleurs 19

20 Click on «Next» and choose the appropriate coordinate system in EPSG there it will be the equivalent of our french coordinate system (Lambert 2 Etendu), select «EPSG:27582». Click on «Finish» 20

21 SQL Exercice n 1 : Identify the urban area close to the Loire 1- Select the Loire in the hydrographic network and create a new datasource from the selection a- Selection of the Loire Open the «TRONCON_HYDROGRAPHIQUE» shape and select all the objects where the value of TOPONYME1 field is «fleuve la loire» ( "TOPONYME1"='fleuve la loire' ) Make an ascending sort on the «TOPONYME1» field. Then select a raw with the value «fleuve la loire». Then, right click and choose «select rows with the same value». b- Creation of a new datasource To end, click on «Create datasource from selection» in the toolbar a new layer is created in the Geocatalog. You can drag & drop the new layer in the TOC and rename it by «Loire». 21

22 2- Create a new layer with the urban fabric area from the Corine Land Cover layer Select the urban fabric in CLC06 layer (continuous urban fabric = 111, discontinuous urban fabric = 112) SQL Query select * from "CLC06" where "CODE_06"='111' or "CODE_06"='112'; Rename the new layer : tissu_urbain 22

23 3- Create a buffer around the Loire SQL Query select register ('buffer'); create table buffer as select Buffer(the_geom, 1000) from "Loire"; 4- Merge all objects from the buffer layer SQL Query select register ('buffer_final'); create table buffer_final as select GeomUnion(unknown0) from buffer; (here unknown0 correspond to the field usually called 'the_geom') 5- Create a new layer corresponding to the urban area which are included in the final buffer SQL Query select register ('urbain_ligerien'); create table urbain_ligerien as select Intersection(a."unknown0",b.the_geom) from buffer_final a, tissu_urbain b; 23

24 6- Group all the layer used in this exercice in the TOC and sort them in order to optimize the map's reading - urbain_ligerien - tissu_urbain - Loire - buffer - buffer_final - tronçon hydrographique - clc06 24

25 SQL Exercice n 2 : Urban area evolution in France 1- Create a new layer by joining a shapefile (DEP_FRANCE.shp) with an alphanumeric datasource (CLC_URBAN9006.dbf) Load CLC_URBAN9006 in the Geocatalog and display the values in the table Then, run this query : select register ('resultat_jointure'); SQL Query create table resultat_jointure as select * from "DEP_FRANCE" a, "CLC_URBAN9006" b where a."code_dept" = b."coddep"; 25

26 2- Create a new layer with two new calculated fields. Fields are the result of the raw & relative evolution of urban area between 1990 and 2006 select register ('evo_urbain'); create table evo_urbain as select *,("URBAN_06"-"URBAN_90") as SQL Query evo_brut, (("URBAN_06"-"URBAN_90")/"URBAN_90"*100) as evo_relat from resultat_jointure; 3- Make a thematic analysis with the «evol_relat» field Details : - Analysis : Interval classification - Classification field : evol_relat - Type of interval : Equivalence - Number of intervals : 5 - the first one is negative (from -xx, to 0), color : blue, - the second one begins at 0 - color of the four following ones : from yellow to red 26

27 4- Create Geomarks from departments where the relative evolution of urban area is negative SQL Query select Geomark('evol_negativ') from evo_urbain where evol_relat<0; 27

28 Bibbilography Bocher E, Leduc T, Moreau G, González Cortés F,"GDMS: An abstraction layer to enhance Spatial Data Infrastructures usability", 11th AGILE International Conference on Geographic Information Science, Girone, Espagne, Bocher E, Leduc T, Gonzales Cortès F. OrbisGIS : SIG dédié à la modélisation et l expérimentation scientifique, Journée groupe de travail mutualisation, GDR SIGMACassini, Paris, 4 décembre Bocher E, Leduc T, Long N, Gonzales Cortès F. Urbsat : outil d extraction d informations géographiques et de production d indicateurs, Journées Information géographique et observation de la terre organisées conjointement par les GDR SIGMA-Cassini et I3, Strasbourg, 26 et 27 novembre Leduc T, Gonzales Cortès F, Bocher E. OrbisGIS : A GIS for scientific simulation, Rencontres Mondiales du Logiciel Libre (RMLL), Amiens, 10 au 14 juillet See more tutorial about OrbisGIS on our website (page «support»). 28