Programming Cocoa with Ruby Create Compelling Mac Apps Using RubyCocoa

Transcription

1 Programming Cocoa with Ruby Create Compelling Mac Apps Using RubyCocoa Brian Mariek The Pragmatic Bookshelf Raleigh. North Carolina Dallas. Texas

2 1 Introduction What Is Cocoa? What Is RubyCocoa? What's It Like to Learn Cocoa Using Ruby? RubyCocoa? That's So Last Year! Prerequisites Versions Our Example App Centuries of the Bookmaker's Art: Scorned Some Terminology Service After the Sale Solving Problems Acknowledgments 10 2 How Do We Get This Thing Started? A Program That Prints Putting an Item in the Status Bar Menus An Application Bundle What Now? 26 I A First Realistic App 27 3 Working with Interface Builder and Xcode The Basics Creating and Editing Classes in Xcode Debugging Synchronizing Interface Builder and Xcode Attributes Overriding Window Behavior with a Delegate 52

3 vlii CONTENTS 3.7 Tiy This Yourself What Now? 53 4 One Good App Observes Another Notifications Within an App Notifications Between Apps The App to Fenestrate Putting Notification Handling Behind the GUI Reopening Objective-C Classes What Now? 66 II Reshaping Fenestra 69 5 A Better GUI Toggle Buttons The Default Button Combo Box Items The Initial First Responder Try This Yourself What Now? 76 6 Decoupled Controllers Ignorant Objects Extracting Subclasses Reacting to Button State Using Nibs to Avoid Dependencies Initializing Combo Boxes What Now? 88 7 Notifications Connect Decoupled Objects Controllers Translators and the Rising Tide of Ugliness What Now? 94 8 More Expressive Code A DSL for Notifications RubyCocoa Has Two Ways of Referring to Superclasses Shorthand for Posting Notifications Try This Yourself What Now? 102

4 III Project Mechanics Bundling Gems and Libraries with Your App Manual Control Standaloneify What Now? Project Organization, Builds, and Your Favorite Editor Groups Using Xcode with Hierarchical Project Folders Running in Place Building Without Xcode Using Interface Builder with Hierarchical Project Folders Starting a New Project What Now? 121 IV Declarative Data Handling Persistent User Preferences The User Preferences System Storing Custom Objects as Preferences Using Archived Objects Views Can Pull Data Try This Yourself: A Sticky Window What Now? Creating a Preference Panel in a New Nib Creating a Nib Drawing the Panel Hooking the Panel to the App The Nib File's Owner IB's First Responder Pseudo-Object Memory Leaks What Now? Implementing a Preference Panel with Cocoa Bindings Binding a Simple Value Binding an Array of Hashes Formatters Value Transformers 176

5 x CONTENTS 13.5 Adding and Deleting Table Rows What Now? Setting Up Bindings with Code Oh No! Terminology! Using Rooted Keypaths in Code Subclassing NSArrayController bind_toobject_withkeypath_options What Now? 196 V Fun with Tables Prologue: Folders and Tests Disk Layout Selections and Editing An Example of Creating Tests: The Add Method Working with an Uncooperative Control Try This Yourself Building Setup Methods What Now? Buttons in Tables Cells Making the Change What Now? A Formatter with Two Wrinkles The Formatter Code Calling Methods That Take Reference Arguments Breaking Encapsulation in Tests What Now? Picking Files with Open Panels NSOpenPanel A Design for Using NSOpenPanel in Fenestra Try This Yourself: PreferencesController Tests Try This Yourself: The NSOpenPanel Controller What Now? 260

6 20 Drag and Drop How Drag and Drop Works Designing the GUI A Template for the Solution Utility Classes and Modules Try This Yourself: Lively Dragging Info Try This Yourself: Drag and Drop Does It Work? What Now? Epilogue: A Wonderful World of Tests Test-Driven Design To Learn More 288 VI Wrapping Up Fit and Finish Saving the Window Position Until the Next Launch Tab Behavior Using NSMatrix to Organize Buttons Sizing Cleaning Up the Menu Bar The About Window Changing the Application's Name Adding Help Help Book Basics Creating a Help Book Editing Pages Hooking a Help Book into an App A Workflow for Creating Help Book Pages Tooltips Document-Based Applications The Major Players The Responder Chain Creating a New Document Opening and Saving Documents Editing Learning More 337

7 xli CONTENTS 25 MacRuby Getting MacRuby MacRuby Basics A MacRuby Checklist What Now? 348 VII Reference The Objective-C Bridge and Bridge Metadata An Unexpected Return Value What Information Can Be Found at Runtime? Supplementing Runtime Information Our Own Private Metadata Finding Out More The Underpinnings of Cocoa Bindings Requirements Our Goal Declaring Observed Properties Observing Changes Implementing bind_toobject_withkeypath_options Changing the Value of an Observed Key In Summary Postscript: Observing Changes to Collections 366 A Glossary 369 B Bibliography 381 Index 385