The Whole OS X Web Development System

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1 The Whole OS X Web Development Title slide Building PHP/MySQL Web Databases for OS X Scot Hacker Webmaster, UC Berkeley s Graduate School of Journalism The Macworld Conference on Dreamweaver January 6-7, 2003

2 Dynamic publishing Making the jump from static HTML to dynamic / database-driven. Pages assembled on the fly Instantaneous changes site-wide Single template drives entire site No more propagation of errors Maintain state easily How can Amazon recommend other books you might like? Assembly required J-School jobs database

3 AMP An Ideal partnership Apache (web server) MySQL (database server) PHP (scripting language) ((glue)) Independent / Interdependent

4 Marketshare PHP competes with Allaire's ColdFusion, Microsoft's ASP, and various JSP (Java Server Page) technologies. Difficult to assess market size but Apache is the most popular web server and is seldom coupled w/asp. CF seems to be losing ground. ASP is being subsumed into.net. PHP rapidly growing on Apache and even on Windows web servers. Many low-cost providers springing up to support Web application development at low cost, almost always via PHP/MySQL. e.g. Content created on a Mac can easily be moved to a commercial or 3 rd - partyamp host.

5 Unix power Before OS X, only FileMaker and a few other obscure solutions available. Mac users no longer take a back seat. Unix power is at your fingertips - use it! No need for commercial tools - all free, secure, and well-supported.

6 The AMP request process Straight HTML requests are returned directly to requesting agent. If request includes PHP commands, they re sent to Apache s PHP module for parsing. If PHP commands include database requests, those are passed to database server (which may or may not be on the same machine). Query results are passed back to PHP module for inclusion. PHP module can now return a file back to Apache, which hands it back to requesting agent.

7 Manual vs. Automatic Dreamweaver can take a lot of PHP-programming responsibility off your hands. As with HTML and JavaScript, auto-generated PHP may not be as clean as hand-generated, but it s sure easier. Dreamweaver still requires you to do the initial database setup yourself. It pays to learn some of the guts -- get some mud on your hands so you know how things work.

8 Fire Up Apache Installed but not enabled by default - turn on Web Sharing in prefs Test your site at or

9 PHP A server-interpreted language you never see PHP code when you view source. Runs as an Apache module interpreter embedded in Apache run-time for speed. Thousands of built-in functions, or create your own Use php.net as a reference Need to learn PHP basics before MySQL is useful to us

10 More PHP Quick example of dynamic things you can do without database - calc.php It s all about variables - moving them around, tracking them... Lots of database-specific functions built in.

11 Enable PHP 1,000 Apache tweaks and configs you can do, but only one we have to do: Edit /etc/httpd/httpd.conf (hidden from Tracker) and uncomment (remove the #) from the beginning of two PHP lines #LoadModule php4_module libexec/httpd/libphp4.so #AddModulemod_php4.c Add one line to the file after the line addtype application x-tar.tgz addtype application/x-httpd-php.php Restart Apache Test with phpinfo();

12 MySQL What is a relational database server? Hosts data sets and responds to queries from other apps. Relational:

13 What is SQL? Structured Query Language Cross-database industry standard way to communicate with databases select * from contacts select ID, name from contacts where state=ca delete from contacts where ID > 497 update contacts set lname= Hacker where ID=312

14 Installing MySQL - Mark Liyanage Run vanilla installer Initialize database cd /usr/local/mysql sudo ls sudo./scripts/mysql_install_db Run it sudo chown -R /usr/local/mysql/* sudo./bin/safe_mysqld --user=mysql & Install mysqlstartupitem.pkg from entropy.ch

15 MySQL Security Set the root user password:./bin/mysqladmin/ -u root password mypass

16 Test It./bin/mysql -u root -p > show databases; test mysql Enough brain surgery!

17 phpmyadmin Done with the command line All-purpose, free, open source database administration tool: Not a replacement for custom apps Can do anything you can do from the mysql console Remote control

18 Install phpmyadmin Download from in tar.gz format Decompress on desktop, rename folder Move phpmyadmin folder into ~/Sites Very important: Password-protect! Open config.inc.php and set auth_type to http, enter root user and root password.

19 Database creation and admin

20 Create a database and tables From Home, enter a name for db Create new table on database foobar w/5 fields Set first column to int, auto_increment, primary. This is your ID field, your key. Set other columns to appropriate data types - varchar 16 In your 2nd table, you ll have a lookup column that will ref values in this table s ID column.

21 Set permissions Not root perms, but perms script will connect as Click Home, Users host=localhost user=public (or similar), pass=youchoose privs=select, update, insert, delete Reload MySQL server! Return and set grants for this user for this database

22 Connect to database from PHP Create a dbconnect() function in a central locale. Invoke from every script with: include /include/connect.php"; dbconnect(); Try by itself - page should not error. Dreamweaver can handle this process for you.

23 Moving Your Database View dump schema Select All, structure and data, save as File. Save with.sql extension On remote host, use phpmyadmin to create database with same name Enter database, Browse to.sql file, click Go. The important bit is to pay attention to permissions in scripts and in MySQL

24 More Information Definitive book: Rasmus Lerdorf s Programming PHP (O Reilly) Dreamweaver MX: PHP Web Development (Glasshaus) for function descriptions - great forums - giant script library - Very detailed documentation Once set up, you probably need more info on learning SQL than on MySQL itself. Google sql tutorial - there are lots.