Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority

Transcription

1 Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority HEAVY RAIL AND LIGHT RAIL OPERATIONS FLEET MANAGEMENT PLAN FY November 3, 2010

2 Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority HEAVY RAIL AND LIGHT RAIL OPERATIONS FLEET MANAGEMENT PLAN Table of Contents Section Page Red Line Orange Line Executive Summary 3 Fleet Activity 4 Overview 5 Fleet Plan Summary 7 Current Fleet Profile 7 Fleet Management Objective 8 Capital Investment Plan 9 Passenger Loading 9 Operational Policies 9 Red Line Ridership Forecast 10 Red Line Peak Period Vehicle Requirements 10 Spare Ratio and Justification 11 Maintenance and Capital Reinvestment Programs 11 Fleet Overview Table 12 Fleet Capacity Table 13 Fleet Size Table 15 Fleet Plan Summary 16 Current Fleet Profile 16 Fleet Management Objective 17 Capital Investment Plan 17 Passenger Loading 17 Operational Policies 18 Orange Line Ridership Forecast 18 Orange Line Peak Period Vehicle Requirements 18 Spare Ratio and Justification 18 Maintenance and Capital Reinvestment Programs 19 Fleet Overview Table 19 Fleet Capacity Table 20 Fleet Size Table 21 Subway Operations Fleet Plan 1

3 Blue Line Green Line Fleet Plan Summary 21 Current Fleet Profile 22 Fleet Management Objective 23 Capital Investment Plan 23 Passenger Loading 23 Operational Policies 23 Blue Line Ridership Forecast 23 Blue Line Peak Period Vehicle Requirements 24 Spare Ratio and Justification 24 New Car Procurement 24 Retirement of No. 4 Cars 24 Fleet Overview Table 25 Fleet Capacity Table 26 Fleet Size Table 27 Fleet Plan Summary 28 Current Fleet Profile 28 Fleet Management Objective 30 Capital Investment Plan 30 Passenger Loading 30 Operational Policies 30 Green Line Ridership Forecast 31 Green Line Peak Period Vehicle Requirements 31 Spare Ratio and Justification 32 Green Line Extension Spare Ratio Issues 32 Maintenance and Capital Reinvestment Programs 32 Fleet Overview Table 33 Fleet Capacity Table 34 Fleet Size Table 35 Subway Operations Fleet Plan 2

4 MBTA HEAVY RAIL AND LIGHT RAIL OPERATIONS FLEET MANAGEMENT PLAN Executive Summary This Fleet Management Plan is the result of analysis of the condition of rolling - stock and projections for ridership demand placed on Heavy Rail and Light Rail Operations through This plan is an update of the Fleet Management Plan March The assumptions underlying this plan include: 25-year useful life for all heavy rail vehicles and 20-year useful life for all light rail vehicles, provided the Authority implements necessary overhaul programs through the use of periodic capital investments. Car capacity is based on 60% of the manufacturers AW3 car capacity for Red, Orange and Blue Lines. Capacity for Green Line is based on actual observation. Heavy Rail and Light Rail Operations subscribes to a philosophy of preventive maintenance, utilizing mileage and time-based inspections, annual services and component overhauls. This approach keeps the vehicles safe and reliable at a reasonable cost. As long as the maintenance operating budget remains approximately at or below its current level, we anticipate the need for capital reinvestment in most Heavy Rail and Light Rail vehicles to achieve or exceed each fleet s life cycle. Capital funds must be programmed to overhaul, or replace major components, or to perform vehicle overhauls. These items are once-or-twice-in-a-vehicle-life investments that the operating budget cannot support. We refer to such investments as Capital Investment Programs. The MBTA s Capital Investment Program (FY11-FY15) identifies funding for all of the procurements and activities presented in this document over the next five years. Heavy Rail and Light Rail Operations will request funding for future activities through the MBTA s capital program planning process. Subway Operations Fleet Plan 3

5 MBTA HEAVY RAIL AND LIGHT RAIL OPERATIONS FLEET MANAGEMENT PLAN LINE FY 2011 FLEET ACTIVITY FY 2017 FLEET SIZE FY 2011 FY 2017 FLEET SIZE Red Line 218 cars 218 cars No. 1 Car (74) Reinvestment No. 3 Car (86) Upgrade Procure 74 Red Line No. 4 Cars* No. 2 Car Overhaul (58) Delivery of 74 Red Line No. 4 Cars Retire 74 No.1 Red Line Cars Orange Line 120 cars 146/152 cars No.12 Car Capital Investment Phase II Capital Investment Procure 146/152 Orange Line Cars ** Delivery of 146/152 Orange Line Cars Retire 120 No.12 Cars Blue Line 94 cars 94 cars Delivery of No.5 Blue Line Cars (94) Retire 52 No.4 Cars 2012 Retire 14 No. 4 Cars Green Line 209 cars 233 cars No. 7 Car Mid-Life Overhaul Fall/Winter 2015 Delivery of 24 Low Floor Light Rail Cars*** * A tandem procurement is planned for the new Red No. 4 and Orange Line No.14 cars. ** The Orange Line Infrastructure Alternatives and Impact Analysis for the Procurement of New Transit Vehicles Study recommends the procurement of an additional 6-car train to maintain the 4-minute headways planned for this line if Assembly Station is built. *** The Lechmere Extension will require 24 additional vehicles. Subway Operations Fleet Plan 4

6 MBTA Heavy Rail and Light Rail Operations Fleet Management Plan Overview This Fleet Management Plan provides a justification for current fleet levels and operational policies along with a five-year projection of issues relating to the level of maintenance, condition and quantities of rolling - stock. The plan has been derived by examining the day-to-day operations of Heavy Rail and Light Rail lines, the demands on equipment and projected preventive maintenance requirements, new service requirements and potential retirement of rolling stock. The plan presents fleet requirements by Heavy Rail and Light Rail Line (Blue, Green, Orange, and Red) with detail provided regarding: Current Fleet Profile and Plan Description of Fleet, Fleet Management Strategies, and Fleet Plans through Operational Policies level of service requirements (peak, offpeak), load factors, schedules, headways, failure-in-service criteria and failure resolutions. Spare Ratio and Justification preventive and corrective maintenance, holds, long-term repair cars, spare train sets, procurement, and scrapping policies. Maintenance and Capital Reinvestment Programs Operating Environment weather, right of way, track configuration, and signal systems. The Fleet Management Plan is a working document, which is reviewed annually and updated to reflect the most recent conditions and operating plans for Heavy Rail and Light Rail Operations. Subway Operations Fleet Plan 5

7 Heavy Rail and Light Rail Fleet Profile Currently, the MBTA operates 432 Heavy Rail and 209 Light Rail Vehicles. The proceeding pages detail that the plans, profiles, requirements and programs are distinctly different for these vehicles according to the line that operates them. However, there are some similarities in the conditions these vehicles operate under and the way failures in service are managed and reported. Vehicle performance is tracked by measuring mean distance between failures and vehicle availability. Maintenance personnel perform trend analysis to identify failures and develop appropriate courses of action. Specific goals are established for vehicle performance. These goals are determined by Operations. Goals take into consideration the age of the fleet, operating conditions, and maintenance capabilities. Operating Conditions MBTA Rapid Transit Vehicles (Blue, Orange, and Red Lines) operate on right of way that is at grade, above grade on bridges, elevated structures and embankments and below grade in the subway. Blue Line vehicles operate under a dual environment, part of the line is electrified by third rail and part by an overhead catenary line. Orange and Red Lines operate strictly by third rail. These varying conditions offer unique challenges. Rapid transit vehicles have been designed and built to fit on the current infrastructure and operate in weather conditions that are typical to the climate in coastal New England. MBTA Light Rail Vehicles (Green Line) operate under three different conditions. The restricted right of way is at grade level. There are no automotive crossings and it is a fenced-in right of way (such as the Highland Branch). The unrestricted right of way runs in the street and crosses intersections that are governed by automobile traffic lights. The semi-restricted right of way is a dedicated median strip partly fenced in. All the surface lines merge in a subway environment through the core of the city. Light Rail vehicles are severely restricted in their width, length and height, for they must fit in the country s oldest subway. Heavy and Light Rail Vehicles operate in several noise sensitive areas. A number of efforts have been expended to mitigate noise including construction of noise walls, rail grinding programs, rail lubrication, wheel truing, truck maintenance and track configuration. Subway Operations Fleet Plan 6

8 RED LINE FLEET MANAGEMENT PLAN Fleet Plan Summary The present Red Line fleet consists of 218 active vehicles. Future plans include: No. 1 Car (74) Reinvestment No. 3 Car (86) Upgrade Procure 74 Red Line No. 4 Cars* No. 2 Selective Systems Overhaul (58) Delivery of 74 Red Line No. 4 Cars Retire 74 No.1 Red Line Cars Current Fleet Profile The active fleet of 218 Red Line cars is comprised of three series of cars. All of the cars are configured as married pairs. Each two-car set has operating cabs on the outer ends. A fourcar train consists of two compatible married pairs; a six-car train consists of three compatible married pairs. Six car trains operate during peak periods and four car trains operate during off peak periods. Two car trains are not used in revenue service. The current fleet profile is: No. 1 Red Line Car Manufacturer: Pullman-Standard Year Built: 1969 Description: The No. 1 Car Fleet (numbered , and ) is the oldest active heavy rail fleet on MBTA property. Seventy-four (74) cars are in active service. The No. 1 Car has a Westinghouse DC Propulsion System and aluminum car body. Subway Operations Fleet Plan 7

9 The No. 1 Car Fleet was rebuilt in the years Two (2) cars, and are stored at Codman Yard. Cars 1604 and 1605 were damaged beyond repair in a 1975 collision. No. 2 Red Line Car Manufacturer: UTDC Year Built: 1988 Description: The No. 2 Car Fleet includes vehicles numbered All 58 cars are active. No. 3 Red Line Car The No. 2 Car has a Westinghouse DC Propulsion System and an aluminum car body. The No. 2 Car Fleet is compatible with the No. 1 car fleet and has just begun its overhaul program. Manufacturer: Bombardier Year Built: 1994 Description: The No. 3 Car Fleet includes vehicles numbered All 86 cars are in the active fleet. The No. 3 Car Fleet represents state of the art technology. Systems control is microprocessor based rather than electro-mechanical. The cars have an AC Propulsion System manufactured by General Electric. The car bodies are stainless steel. The No. 3 Cars are not compatible with No. 1 or No. 2 series cars except for towing purposes. No. 5 Red Line Car Fleet is retired. All but four cars have been scrapped and removed from MBTA property. The four remaining cars are used as a work train. Fleet Management Objective The Fleet Plan for the Red Line has a tandem procurement planned for the replacement of the Red Line No.1 Car. The new Red Line No. 4 Cars will be procured along with the new Orange Line No.14 Cars. Currently, a Capital Reinvestment Program is being performed on all three Red Line Cars. The scope of work being performed to the No.1 Car includes many of the sub-systems that Subway Operations Fleet Plan 8

10 will improve the reliability and sustain safe performance until retirement. The Red Line has recently replaced the primary and secondary suspension, drawbar and coupler assemblies, vehicle batteries, door engines with sensitive edges, sash windows and operator seats. The Red Line will replace the propulsion control system within the next two years. The scope of the Capital Reinvestment Program being performed on the No.3 Car is comprehensive, identifying most of the major systems to be overhauled or replaced, to improve reliability and sustain these vehicle systems for an additional 15 years. Several of the systems that are being replaced or overhauled are the vehicles batteries, drawbar and couplers, speed sensors, primary and secondary suspension, Monitoring Train Units (MTU s), traction motors and journal bearings. The No.2 Car Selective Systems Overhaul has recently begun. The overhaul is the first that the MBTA will accomplish using strictly in-house resources. This overhaul will consist of 29 married pairs and is scheduled to be completed in Capital Investment Plan Red Line Revenue Vehicle ($ in Millions) Spending through FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 Total FY11-15 Project RL-No. 1 Car Reinvestment* $7.98 $3.69 $3.77 $7.46 RL.- No.2 Car Selective Systems Overhaul $23.50 $13.08 $10.00 $23.08 RL. No.3 Car Upgrade* $2.30 $0.04 $0.04 Total $33.78 $16.81 $13.77 $58.02 *Programmed but not currently funded Passenger Loading Passenger loading, or passenger crowding, is measured by looking at the average passenger loading per car during the peak hour of service and comparing this to the MBTA s policy for the maximum loading per car (60% of AW3 Load). For the Red Line, the peak load point is measured exiting Broadway Station Northbound during the time-period of 8:15 AM to 8:45 AM on weekdays. These numbers are shown on the tables that follow this section. Operational Policies Red Line operational policies are developed and implemented with the goal of providing safe, reliable, cost effective transportation with the highest level of customer service to over 242,000 patrons per day. Current and future levels of service are carefully determined by Subway Operations Fleet Plan 9

11 analyzing ridership trends and developing schedules which meet demand. The Red Line is currently operating at the capacity of the signal system. Therefore, peak-service capacity is unlikely to be expanded within the foreseeable future, regardless of demand. Off-peak service, however, may be expanded as demand increases and resources allow. Red Line Ridership Forecast Red Line ridership is expected to increase consistent with the average Heavy Rail ridership growth of 1.9% yearly from If most ridership growth on the Red Line is outside of the peak periods, the current Red Line Fleet will provide sufficient capacity. Red Line Peak Period Vehicle Requirements Current peak period service levels are provided 100% by six-car operation. Twenty-eight six car consists (168 cars) operate during this peak period. The scheduled headway is four to five minutes on the trunk line (JFK/U-Mass to Alewife stations) and eight to nine minutes on the Braintree and Ashmont branches. On the Braintree branch, supplemental Run as Directed (RAD's) trains are also utilized to meet peak period demand. Schedule (Peak Period) Round Trip Time Number of Trains Headway Round Trip Mileage Braintree-Alewife 127 minutes 15 six car consists 8-9 minutes miles Ashmont-Alewife 93 minutes 11 six car consists 8-9 minutes 23.4 miles JFK-Alewife 4-5 minutes Car Count (Peak Period) Trains Cars Braintree-Alewife Ashmont-Alewife Run As Directed 2 12 Total Service Requirement Subway Operations Fleet Plan 10

12 Spare Ratio and Justification The Red Line spare ratio is 23 percent. This spare ratio allows the Red Line to provide one extra train for each rush hour to be RAD. This RAD mitigates the effects of any service interruptions due to defective equipment. This operating philosophy requires six additional cars. The daily breakdown of vehicles out-of service is generally: 12 Run as Directed 12 Mileage Inspections 6 HVAC inspections 24 Corrective maintenance holds 8 Long-term program cars The established procurement policy is based on a useful life of up to 25 years for each fleet. New Red Line cars will be compatible with the No. 3 Cars. Every reasonable measure will be taken to improve system reliability through calculated integration of new technologies. Procurement and scrapping policies are subject to change depending on the availability of financial resources. Maintenance and Capital Reinvestment Programs Preventive maintenance inspections are mileage based and occur on an 8,500 mile interval for the No. 1 and No. 2 Cars and 15,000 miles for the No. 3 Cars. The HVAC system is inspected on a 12,500 mile interval. Other campaigns and minor modification programs are initiated on an, as needed basis, on the projected life cycles as specified by the Operations Quality Assurance Division. The Fleet Plan calls for occasional Capital Reinvestment Programs to each fleet. The scope of work for such programs is determined by analyzing the performance of the car and setting priorities for areas that need overhaul. System overhauls, like the primary and secondary suspension, are required for the safe operation of the vehicles. Other overhauls, such as replacing the No.2 Cars antiquated cam operated propulsion group, with an electronic cam simulating propulsion group, would replace an unreliable system that consumes significant labor and materials, with a modern solid state device. Subway Operations Fleet Plan 11

13 Fleet Overview Table Current Fleet Fleet Name Manufacturer No. 1 No. 2 No. 3 Pullman Standard UTDC Bombardier Car Numbers & Fleet Size Fleet Age AW3 Capacity** Seating/Standing Average Car Mileage / million miles / million miles / million miles Red Line * 269* 308 million miles *Weighted Average ** As defined by manufacturer Subway Operations Fleet Plan 12

14 Fleet Capacity Table The following table provides detailed information of peak load volume relative to line capacity. Peak load volumes are based on the 2007 Automated Fare Collection (AFC) station entry counts along with factors from the Central Transportation Planning Staff s 2004 Rapid Transit Counts. The Red Line currently provides a throughput of 7.5 trains through the peak location on the trunk section and four trains through the peak location on the Braintree branch during the peak time period. Current volume estimates indicate current levels of service will be adequate through year 2017, although the Braintree branch is approaching capacity. Line: Direction: Peak Time Period: Peak Location: Red Line Trunk Northbound 8:15 AM to 8:45 AM Broadway to South Station Year Peak 30- minute Load * Peak Per. Trains Cars Per Train Capacity Per Car Capacity Per Train Total Capacity , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,762 * Assumes a 1.9% growth factor, based on average heavy rail ridership growth Subway Operations Fleet Plan 13

15 Line: Direction: Peak Time Period: Peak Location: Red Line Braintree Branch Northbound 8:15 AM to 8:45 AM North Quincy to JFK/UMass Year Peak 30- minute Load * Peak Per. Trains Cars Per Train Capacity Per Car Capacity Per Train Total Capacity , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,864 * Assumes a 1.9% growth factor, based on average heavy rail ridership growth Subway Operations Fleet Plan 14

16 Fleet Size Table The following table provides a detailed analysis of the required and planned fleet size for each year of the Fleet Plan. Year Peak Per. Headway Required Required Spares Req. Spare Planned Trains Trains Cars Required Fleet Size Ratio Fleet Size % % % % % % % % 218 Subway Operations Fleet Plan 15

17 ORANGE LINE FLEET MANAGEMENT PLAN Fleet Plan Summary The present Orange Line Fleet consists of 120 active vehicles. Future plans include: Fleet Reinvestment Car Rebuild Phase II Procure New Vehicles (146/152) Delivery of New Vehicles (146/152) Retire 120 No. 12 Cars Current Fleet Profile The Orange Line fleet is comprised of 120 No. 12 Series Cars. All of these cars are configured as married pairs. Each two-car set has operating cabs on the outer ends. The line operates primarily with six car trains. A six-car train consists of three compatible married pairs. Two car trains are not used in revenue service. The current fleet profile is described below: No. 12 Orange Line Car Manufacturer: Hawker-Siddeley Year Built: 1981 Description: The No. 12 Car Fleet ( ) has all 120 cars available for revenue service. This Car has a G.E. DC Propulsion System and LAHT steel car body. Subway Operations Fleet Plan 16

18 Fleet Management Objective The primary objective for the Orange Line is to complete a major Capital Reinvestment Program on the No. 12 Car. Phase I of the program encompassed the overhaul of the suspension system and the replacement of the propulsion cam controllers for the entire Orange Line Fleet. These actions are now completed. The Phase II project involves overhaul and replacement of major sub-systems, which will ensure continued vehicle reliability. These actions should ensure that projected Orange Line demand could be met safely and reliably through the year 2017 when the entire fleet will be replaced. Significant resources have been expended to address an escalation in carbody corrosion. As the No. 12 Car enters its twenty-ninth year in revenue service, corrosion in the main side sill support beam area is causing perforation of the exterior shell. To address this, Phase II resources have been partially reallocated. An assessment of need will be done to quantify the scope of work required to maintain car body integrity until the fleet is retired in Starting in 2008, miscellaneous investments have been allocated to address subsystem reliability. HVAC compressor motors have undergone a fleet-wide remanufacture, complete with a like-new two year warranty. In addition, a HVAC test stand will be developed. In order to accommodate projected increases in demand, it will be necessary to increase the frequency of peak service on the Orange Line. This increase in peak service requirement necessitates the expansion and replacement of the current fleet. The completion of the Haymarket North Signal System allows for this increase. Capital Investment Plan Orange Line Revenue Vehicle ($ in Millions) Project Spending through FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 Total FY11-15 Orange Line Car Reinvest.* $10.00 $1.30 $0.50 $1.80 Orange Line Car Rebuild II* $6.44 $1.82 $1.82 Orange Line Fleet Procurement* $3.20 $15.80 $96.00 $59.00 $ Total $19.64 $18.92 $96.50 $59.00 $ *Programmed but not currently funded Passenger Loading Passenger loading or passenger crowding is measured by looking at the average passenger loading per car during the peak hour of service and comparing this to the MBTA s Subway Operations Fleet Plan 17

19 policy for the maximum loading per car (60% of AW3 Load). For the Orange Line, the peak load point is measured exiting North Station southbound during the time-period of 8:15 AM to 8:45 AM on weekdays. These numbers are shown on the tables that follow this section. Operational Policies Orange Line operational policies are developed and implemented with the goal of providing safe, reliable, cost effective transportation with the highest level of customer service to over 185,000 patrons per day. The Orange Line is currently at, or near, capacity during peak periods. Future expansion of the Orange Line Fleet will be based upon capacity constraints during the peak periods and current ridership forecasts. Orange Line Ridership Forecast Orange Line ridership is expected to increase consistent with the average Heavy Rail ridership growth of 1.9% yearly from The current plan to increase fleet size has been deemed sufficient to meet future peak period requirements. Orange Line Peak Period Vehicle Requirements Current service levels provide 100% six-car operation on the entire line during weekday rush hours. Schedule (Peak Period) Round Trip Time Number of Trains Headway Round Trip Mileage Forest Hills-Oak Grove 77 minutes 17 six car consists 4-5 minutes miles Car Count (Peak Period) Trains Cars Forest Hills-Oak Grove Spare Ratio and Justification The Orange Line spares ratio is 15 percent. This translates to 18 vehicles from the fleet of 120 total vehicles. The daily breakdown of vehicles out-of-service is generally: 2 Preventive maintenance inspections 2 HVAC inspections 6 Corrective maintenance holds 4 Capital Investment Plan (CIP) Program Maintenance 4 Other preventive maintenance Subway Operations Fleet Plan 18

20 In 2017, upon replacement of the No. 12 Orange Line vehicles, the spare ratio will increase to 18 percent. Maintenance and Capital Reinvestment Programs Preventive maintenance inspections are time and mileage based and occur on a 90- day/12,000 mile interval. The HVAC system is inspected four times per year. An extensive Preventive Maintenance Program is conducted annually. In addition to the periodic inspections, maintenance campaigns such as annual lubrication programs, component overhauls and modification campaigns including equipment upgrades are scheduled to minimize the impact of equipment life cycles on vehicle reliability and maintenance costs. Fleet Overview Table Current Fleet Fleet Name Manufacturer No. 12 Hawker- Siddeley Car Numbers Fleet Size Fleet Age AW3 Capacity* Seating/Standing Average Car Mileage / million miles Orange Line million miles * As defined by manufacturer Subway Operations Fleet Plan 19

21 Fleet Capacity Table The following table provides detailed information of peak load volume relative to line capacity. Peak load volumes are base on the Central Transportation Planning Staff s 2004 Rapid Transit Counts. The Orange Line currently provides a throughput of six trains through the peak location during the peak time period. Line: Direction: Peak Time Period: Peak Location: Orange Southbound 8:15 AM to 8:45 AM North Station to Haymarket Year Peak 30- minute Load * Peak Per. Trains Cars Per Train Capacity Per Car Capacity Per Train Total Capacity , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,432 *Assumes a 1.9% growth factor, based on average heavy rail ridership growth from Subway Operations Fleet Plan 20

22 Fleet Size Table The following table provides a detailed analysis of the required and planned fleet size for each year of the Fleet Plan. In , the entire Orange Line Fleet will be retired and replaced with 146 or 152* new Orange Line cars. At this time the spare ratio will increase to 18% or 21%. Year Peak Per. Headway Required Required Spares Req. Spare Planned Trains Trains Cars Required Fleet Size Ratio Fleet Size % % % % % % * / /32 146/152 18%/21% 146/ / /32 146/152 18%/21% 146/152 * The Orange Line Infrastructure Alternatives and Impact Analysis for the Procurement of New Transit Cars identifies two fleet sizes depending on four-minute headways and the possible expansion for three-minute headways. An extra six-car train will be required for the anticipated Assembly Station. Subway Operations Fleet Plan 21

23 BLUE LINE FLEET MANAGEMENT PLAN Fleet Plan Summary The present Blue Line Fleet consists of 112 active vehicles. The Blue Line has 94 of their new Seimens No. 5 series Cars and currently has 18 No. 4 Cars on property. Future plans include: Current Fleet Profile 2012 Anticipate Retirement of 14 No. 4 Cars The Blue Line Fleet is configured as married pairs. Each two-car set has operating cabs on the outer ends. The Line operates with a complement of six car trains. A six car train consists of three compatible married pairs. The current fleet profile is described below: No. 4 Blue Line Car Manufacturer: Hawker-Siddeley Year Built: 1979 Description: The No. 4 Car Fleet ( ) has 44 cars in active service. This car has a G.E. DC Propulsion System and LAHT Steel car body. No. 5 Blue Line Car Manufacturer: Seimens Year Built: 2008 Description: The No. 5 Car Fleet ( ) has 18 cars in active service. This car has an AC Inverter Drive Propulsion System and stainless steel car body. Subway Operations Fleet Plan 22

24 Fleet Management Objective The Blue Line has completed the procurement process of the new Blue Line No. 5 vehicles. There are currently 18 Blue Line No. 4 Cars that must be kept in service until 2012 to conform to financing arrangements. Fifty-two of the Blue Line No. 4 Cars have been retired to date. The Blue Line will retain four of the No. 4 Cars beyond 2012 to use as a work train. Project Capital Investment Plan Blue Line Revenue Vehicle ($ in Millions) Spending through FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 Total FY11-15 Blue Line Fleet Procurement $ $9.48 $8.59 $18.07 Total $ $9.48 $8.59 $18.07 Passenger Loading Passenger loading or passenger crowding is measured by looking at the average passenger loading per car during the peak half hour of service and comparing this to the MBTA s policy for concerning the targeted maximum loading per car (60% of AW3 Load). For the Blue Line, the peak load point is measured exiting Maverick Station westbound during the time-period of 8:30 AM to 9:00 AM on weekdays. These numbers are shown on the tables that follow at the end of this section. Operational Policies Blue Line operational policies are developed and implemented with the goal of providing safe, reliable, and cost effective transportation with the highest level of customer service to over 58,200 patrons per day. The Blue Line is currently at, or near, capacity during peak periods. Future expansion of the Blue Line peak period requirement will be based upon signal capacity during these times and ridership forecasts. Blue Line Ridership Forecast Blue Line ridership is expected to increase consistent with the average Heavy Rail ridership growth of 1.9% yearly from The current plan to increase fleet size and signal system capacity has been deemed sufficient to meet future peak period requirements. Subway Operations Fleet Plan 23

25 Blue Line Peak Period Vehicle Requirements Current service levels provide 100% four-car operation on the entire line during weekday rush hours. Schedule (Peak Period) Round Trip Time Number of Trains Headway Round Trip Mileage Wonderland-Gov't Ctr 52 minutes 12 six car consists 3.75 minutes miles Car Count (Peak Period) Trains Cars Wonderland-Gov't Ctr Spare Ratio and Justification The Blue Line spare ratio is currently 36 percent. This allows for up to 40 vehicles outof-service at any given time. The daily breakdown of vehicles out-of-service is generally: 16 Preventive maintenance inspections 2 Maintenance campaign cars 22 Corrective maintenance holds The spare ratio will decrease to 27 percent in 2012 when 14 No. 4 Car leases expire and these cars are retired. New Car Procurement The new car procurement for the Blue Line was awarded to Siemens Transportation Systems in November of The Blue Line has received 94 brand new state-of-the-art cars. These cars began to run in six car consists in June of Retirement of Blue Line No. 4 Cars The Blue and Orange Line cars were built by the same manufacturer (Hawker-Siddeley). However, it has been determined that the No. 4 Cars are not compatible with the Orange Line infrastructure and will not be able to supplement the Orange Line Fleet in revenue service. Therefore, components will be redistributed from the retiring Blue Line No. 4 Cars to the Orange Line No. 12 Car. Subway Operations Fleet Plan 24

26 Fleet Overview Table Current Fleet Fleet Name No. 4 Manufacturer Hawker- Siddeley Car Numbers Fleet Size Fleet Age AW3 Capacity* Seating/Standing Average Car Mileage /166 1,181,857 No. 5 Siemens /90 80,963 Blue Line million miles * As defined by manufacturer Subway Operations Fleet Plan 25

27 Fleet Capacity Table The following table provides detail information related to peak load volume relative to line capacity. Peak load volumes are based on the Central Transportation Planning Staff s 2004 Rapid Transit Counts. The Blue Line currently provides a throughput of nine four-car trains through the peak location during the peak time period. Current volume estimates indicate that maintaining this level of service to be adequate through year Line: Direction: Peak Time Period: Peak Location: Blue Westbound 8:30AM to 9:00 AM Maverick to Aquarium Year Peak 30- minute Load * Peak Per. Trains Cars Per Train Capacity Per Car Capacity Per Train Total Capacity , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,130 *Assumes a 1.9% growth factor, based on average heavy rail ridership growth from Subway Operations Fleet Plan 26

28 Fleet Size Table The following table provides a detailed analysis of the required and planned fleet size for Blue Line operations for each year of the Fleet Plan. Year Peak Per. Headway Required Required Spares Req. Spare Planned Trains Trains Cars Required Fleet Size Ratio Fleet Size % % % % % % % % 98 Subway Operations Fleet Plan 27

29 GREEN LINE FLEET MANAGEMENT PLAN Fleet Plan Summary The present Green Line fleet consists of 209 active vehicles and ten PCC Cars No. 7 Car Mid-Life Overhaul Fall/Winter 2015 Delivery of 24 Low Floor Cars The projected FY2017 Green Line fleet will consist of 233 vehicles and ten PCC cars. Current Fleet Profile The Green Line is a light rail system serving the Central Subway (core) and four Branch Lines (Beacon St, Boston College, Riverside and Lechmere-Huntington Ave.). The Mattapan High Speed Line, a feeder service to the Red Line, is also part of the Green Line. The fleet of 209 Green Line Light Rail Vehicles (LRVs) consists of two vehicle types; Kinki-Sharyo No. 7 Cars and the new No. 8 Low-floor Cars. All types are six-axle, doubleended, articulated vehicles. These vehicles can be configured as singles (running alone), deuces (2-car trains), or as 3-car trains. The modification of the No. 7 Fleet allows compatibility between the No. 7 and No. 8 Cars for revenue service. The Mattapan High Speed Line uses an active fleet of ten PCCs. Subway Operations Fleet Plan 28

30 No. 7 Car Manufacturer: Kinki-Sharyo Year Built: ; 1997 Description: The No. 7 Car ( ) has a fleet size of 114 cars. 105 cars are in active service. Nine cars are in storage due to heavy damage and may be scrapped. The No. 7 Car has a Westinghouse DC Thyristor micro processor-controlled propulsion system and LAHT steel car body. The cars received modifications in order to operate as a multivehicle consist with the No.8 Low Floor car during , all modifications are complete, enabling the No.7 & No.8 Fleets to be fully operational in two or three car configurations. No. 8 Car Manufacturer: Breda Year Built: Description: The No. 8 Low Floor Car has a fleet size of 95 cars. Ninety-four cars are in active service. One car has heavy damage. These state-of-the-art vehicles have an AC Propulsion, an automated audible and visual PA announcement system, and a low-floor design. PCC Cars Manufacturer: Pullman Standard Year Built: Description: The PCC Car Fleet currently is the oldest light rail fleet on Authority property. Nine cars are in active service, the tenth car is undergoing maintenance activities to increase the revenue fleet to 10 cars. The PCC Car has a Westinghouse DC Propulsion System and a steel car body. A PCC rebuild project was completed in A new heating ventilation and air-conditioning system, and Low Voltage Auxiliary Power Supply was introduced to the PCC Car in Subway Operations Fleet Plan 29

31 Fleet Management Objective The fleet plan for the Green Line is focused on improving the reliability of the No.7, No.8 and PCC car fleet. The No. 7 Cars will be overhauled in 2012 and this will extend their life for 15 years. We are also preparing to procure 24 vehicles required for the proposed Green Line extension. Capital Investment Plan Green Line Revenue Vehicle ($ in Millions) Spending through FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 Total FY11-15 Project Green Line No. 8 Car Purchase and Retrofit $231.4 $2.25 $2.00 $1.1 $5.41 Green Line No. 7 Car Overhaul* $22.09 $3.91 $17.4 $14.00 $19.79 $15.97 $71.08 Total $ $6.16 $19.4 $15.1 $19.79 $15.97 $76.49 * $6 Million is currently Federally Funded. Passenger Loading Passenger loading or passenger crowding is measured by looking at the average passenger loading per car during the peak half hour of service and comparing this to the MBTA s policy for the maximum loading per car. For the Green Line, the peak load point is measured entering Copley Station eastbound from 8:30 AM to 9:00 AM on weekdays. These numbers are shown on the tables that follow this section. Operational Policies Green Line operational policies are developed and delivered with the goal of providing safe, reliable, cost effective transportation with the highest level of customer service to over 236,000 patrons per day. Heavy Rail and Light Rail Operations will analyze future peak period ridership and ridership forecast data to as well as planned extensions of the Green Line beyond Lechmere. Subway Operations Fleet Plan 30

32 Green Line Ridership Forecast Green Line ridership is projected to show steady growth based on the average yearly growth of 0.9% from The current plan to increase fleet size has been deemed sufficient to meet peak period requirements. Green Line Peak Period Vehicle Requirements Current service levels provide two-car operation on the entire line at all times. Schedule (Peak Period) Round Trip Time Number of Trains Headway Round Trip Mileage Riverside Line 105 minutes minutes Beacon St. Line 91 minutes minutes Boston College Line 100 minutes minutes 13.2 Heath St Line 85 minutes 17 5 minutes Mattapan Line 30 minutes 6 (singles) 5 minutes 5.12 Car Count (Peak Period) Cars Riverside Line 40 Beacon St. Line 28 Boston College Line 42 Heath St Line 34 Mattapan Line 6 Run As Directed (RAD) 6 Total Service Requirement* 150 * Does not include Mattapan Line Subway Operations Fleet Plan 31

33 Spare Ratio and Justification The current Green Line spare ratio for LRV operations is 28 percent. This translates into 59 vehicles from the active composite fleet of 209 vehicles (see fleet size table). It must be noted that 10 of the 59 are in storage and have severe accident damage. The daily breakdown of vehicles out-of-service is generally 8 Preventive maintenance inspections 41 Corrective maintenance holds 10 In storage due to heavy damage The spare ratio for the Mattapan High Speed Line PCC service is 40 percent. Of the fleet of ten PCCs, six are required for daily service. All maintenance is performed outside. Materials for these 50-year-old cars are difficult to purchase and are often fabricated at the Everett Shops. Green Line Extension Spare Ratio Issues The MBTA is obligated to maintain a spare ratio of no more than 27 percent that is currently projected for the fleet that is augmented for the extension. The FTA requires that the MBTA maintain that spare ratio if the fleet is procured and the extension is not built. The Authority is committed to maintaining the overall spare ratio and the spare ratio pertinent to the Type 9 fleet through retirement of sufficient Type 7 vehicles to maintain the ratio. This number will vary from time to time, depending upon the attrition rate of the balance of the fleet on account of catastrophic damage. Maintenance and Capital Reinvestment Programs Preventive maintenance inspections are mileage based for the No. 7 Cars, they are inspected at 6,500 mile intervals, or at 90 days if they haven t accumulated 6,500 miles. Type 8 Vehicles are inspected on a 90-day interval. The PCC Cars are inspected on a 30-day basis. The HVAC system is inspected annually. Air compressor inspections are also performed on an annual basis. There is an on-going coupler modification program in place. Other campaigns and modifications are initiated on an as-needed basis. Subway Operations Fleet Plan 32

34 Fleet Overview Table Current Fleet Fleet Name Manufacturer Car Numbers Fleet Size Fleet Age AW3 Capacity** Seating/Standing Type 7 (original) Kinki-Sharyo /223 Type 7 (reorder) Kinki-Sharyo /223 Type 8 Breda /206 Green Line * 264* *Weighted Average ** As defined by manufacturer Subway Operations Fleet Plan 33

35 Fleet Capacity Table The following table provides detail information related to peak load volume relative to line capacity. Peak load volumes are base on the Central Transportation Planning Staff s 1997 Rapid Transit Counts. Forty-six cars travel through the peak location during the peak time period. Line: Direction: Peak Time Period: Peak Location: Green Eastbound 8:30 AM to 9:00 AM Copley Jct. to Copley Year Volume at Peak Per. Capacity Total Peak Load* Cars Per Car Capacity , , , , , , , , *Assumes a 0.9% growth factor based on average light rail ridership growth from Subway Operations Fleet Plan 34

36 Fleet Size Table The following table is a detailed analysis of the required and planned Green Line Fleet size for each year of the Fleet Plan. Year Peak Per. Headway Required Required Spares Req. Spare Planned Fleet Fleet Cars Trains Cars Required Size Ratio Size % % % % % % % % 233 Subway Operations Fleet Plan 35