The Simple Past Tense. Lesson 2 Pronunciation. Mrs. Keeley

Transcription

1 The Simple Past Tense Lesson 2 Pronunciation Mrs. Keeley

2 The different sounds of the Simple Past Tense Ending ed Explanation When speaking English, the pronunciation of the ed, is determined by the last sound of the verb in present tense. Although ed or -d is always added to form the past tense, ed has three different sounds: a) /d/ as in lived [d]; b) /t/ as in talked [t]; and c) as an added syllable /id/ as in invited [id]. Tongue Placement visual aid d- ** t- id- plus d- sound after ** Rules of USE When do we use -d,- t, -id? Try to listen to a radio show then watch a news report and try to hear the different sounds of the past tense Try these examples to see if you can distinguish them.

3 Class notes 2. Articulation presentation and demonstration a. the /d/ sound Placement- the tip of the tongue is pressed against the upper gum ridge (at the teeth ridge) to stop the flow of air and then the tip of the tongue is quickly dropped. Manner- air is released as a puff of air that is not strong or aspirated. Examples- stayed, filed, managed Activity one Voice- /d / is a voiced (place hand on throat to feel the vibration)

4 b. the /t/ sound Placement- produced the same as /d/ with the tip of the tongue pressed against the upper gum ridge (at the teeth ridge) to stop the flow of air, then the tip of the tongue is quickly dropped. Manner- air is released with a strong puff of air (place hand in front of mouth to feel the puff of air) Voice- /t/ is voiceless (no vibration) Examples- finished, typed, stocked Activity two

5 c. the /id/ sound Produced as a separate syllable, combing the /I/ vowel sound with the /d/ consonant as is did. Placement- Lips are relaxed. The tongue is high in the front of the mouth. The jaw is slightly open. Then, tip of the tongue is pressed against the upper gum ridge, and released quickly. Manner- air is released as a puff of air that is not strong or aspirated. Voice- /id / is a voiced (place hand on throat to feel the vibration) Examples- guided, treated, listed (reminder: /id/ is an added syllable) Activity three

6 At home Practice Celebrating in Ireland In Ireland, St. Patrick's Day is both a national and religious holiday. Stores and offices are closed, but restaurants remain open. Many people attend church and offer special prayers. The holiday falls during Lent, a period when eating meat is forbidden, but the ban is lifted on St. Patrick's Day and families enjoy special meals with traditional Irish food. Since 1995 the Irish government sanctioned festivals and other events on St. Patrick's Day as a way to increase tourism and show off Ireland to the rest of the world. The official St. Patrick's Festival site has live video footage of the festival from Dublin Castle, as well as a complete guide to the events, parades, and fairs occurring in and around Dublin over the four-day celebration. The highlight will be a fireworks display on Saturday March 16, which typically attracts 500,000 people to Dublin city center. It's Your Lucky Day Need a little luck? There are three good-luck traditions associated with St. Patrick's Day: The Shamrock The green shamrock (trefoil or seamair Óg) is the national symbol of Ireland, but this member of the legume family may be white, red, or yellow. The Druids, ancestors of the modern Irish people, believed in the holiness of the trefoil because of a sacred symbol formed by its three leaves. The number three figures prominently in other religions, too. To Christians its leaves form a cross and serve to represent the Trinity. It was thought that followers of St. Patrick wore a shamrock on his feast day. A traditional blessing: For each petal on the shamrock This brings a wish your way Good health, good luck, and happiness For today and every day. about the origins and categories of fairies.