GAS RESERVOIR ENGINEERING

Transcription

1 GAS RESERVOIR ENGINEERING Instructor : Dr. Djebbar Tiab Professor, Mewbourne School of Petroleum and Geological Engineering, Mewbourne College of Earth and Energy, University of Oklahoma November 2016 Sensa Hotel, Bandung COURSE DESCRIPTION This course stresses practical aspects of gas reservoir engineering, with a special emphasis on: Characterization of Rock Properties of Gas Reservoir Methods for estimating reservoir fluid properties required for gas reservoir engineering calculations Methods for estimating original gas in place, gas reserves, and recovery factors for a variety of reservoir drive mechanisms and unconventional gas reservoirs. Geopressured Gas Systems Conventional and modern techniques for analyzing various types of pressure tests in gas wells, including flow tests and buildup tests. Interpretation of pressure tests of hydraulically fractured gas wells will also be discussed in great details. Participants are encouraged to bring to class actual pressure tests for analysis. Practical uses of methods for predicting the flowing pressure behavior in gas wells, including determining bottom-hole pressure from surface measurements and evaluating gas-well production performance. Gas deliverability testing and decline-curve analysis of gas wells. Performance of Horizontal Wells in Gas Reservoirs Unconventional Shale-Gas Reservoirs Videos and Daily Excel-based class exercises will reinforce the concepts covered in class. Participants are required to bring a personal computer to work exercises. BENEFITS OF THE COURSE At the end of this course, the participants will be able to do the following: Apply analysis techniques for calculating gas in place and gas reserves based on volumetric and material balance equations. Evaluate gas condensate reservoirs and optimize liquid recovery Understand the theory and applications of pressure and pressure derivative; use a new technique, called TDS, for analyzing drawdown and buildup tests in gas wells; and analyze pressure tests of hydraulically fractured gas wells. Evaluate and forecast gas-well production performance. Use modern techniques to analyze decline curves, e.g. Universal Decline Curve Fitting Equation Evaluate unconventional gas reservoirs with emphasis on shale-gas reservoirs Assess performance of pre- and post-frac horizontal gas wells Apply the knowledge and skills in their job assignments upon course completion.

2 WHO SHOULD ATTEND? Reservoir and production engineers Engineers who graduated with a degree in chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, civil engineering, etc. and are involved in the exploration and production of petroleum reservoirs. The course is presented in a manner so that both beginning and experienced personnel will find the material very useful. COURSE CONTENT 1 PROPERTIES OF GAS RESERVOIR FLUIDS 1. Reservoir Fluids (+VIDEO) 2. PVT Diagram 3. Properties Of Natural Gases 4. Calculation Of Pseudocritical Gas Properties 5. Correlations For Z-Factor 6. Gas FVF, Gas Density, Gas Viscosity 7. Gas Compressibility 8. Water Properties 9. Workshop: Exercises 2 GAS FLOW IN WELLBORES 1. BHP (Static & Flowing) Calculation For Dry Gas Wells 2. Average Temperature And Z-Factor Method 3. Poettman s Method 4. Cullender s Method 5. Effect Of Liquids On BHFP Calculations 3 EVALUATION OF GAS RESOURCES & RESERVES 1. Estimating Reserves (+VIDEO) 2. Volumetric Methods 3. Gas Reservoirs With Water Influx 4. Wet-Gas And Gas-Condensate Reservoirs 5. Material-Balance Methods 6. Volumetric Dry-Gas Reservoirs 7. Dry-Gas Reservoir With Water Influx 8. Van Everdingen Method 9. Carter-Tracy Method 10. Reserves - Tight Gas Sands 11. Tight Gas Reservoirs Performance & Reserves 12. Decline Type Curves: Fetkovich, Carter-Tracy 13. Modern Decline Curve Analysis: Derivative 14. Universal Curve Fitting Equation: Theory & Applications 15. Workshop: Exercises 4 GAS CONDENSATE RESERVOIRS 1. Condensate Fluid Properties 2. Two-Phase Z-Factor 3. Well Stream Gas Gravity

3 4. Wet-Gas Flow Rate 5. Total Well stream Gas Flow Rate 6. Calculation of Original Condensate and Gas in Place 7. Workshop: Exercises 5 GEOPRESSURED GAS RESERVOIRS 1. MBE For Volumetric Geopressured Gas Reservoirs 2. Detection Of Overpressure 3. Pressure Gradients 4. Indirect Evidence 5. Origin Of Over-pressure 6. Reservoir Mechanics Of Overpressured Gas Reservoirs 7. General MBE 8. Pressure-Depletion Gas Reservoirs 9. Hammerlindl Methods 10. Ramagost-Farshad MBE 11. Becerra-Arteuga Pressure Plot 12. Bourgoyne MBE & P/Z Plot 13. Workshop: Exercises 6 UNCONVENTIONAL GAS RESERVOIRS 1. Petrophysical Evaluation of Tight-Gas Sands (TGS) 2. Shale Volume & water saturation Calculations of TGS 3. Permeability/porosity of Tight Gas Sands 4. Shale Play Properties 5. Shale-Gas Production Techniques 6. Kerogen & Rock Eval Pyrolysis 7. Total Organic Content 8. Free Gas Quantification, Total Gas in Place 9. Porosity & Permeability of Shale-gas reservoirs from Core Analysis & Well logs 10. Workshop: Exercises 7 DELIVERABILITY TESTING OF GAS WELLS 1. Types And Purposes Of Deliverability Tests (+VIDEO) 2. Theory Of Deliverability Testing 3. Stabilization Time 4. Analysis Of Deliverability Tests 5. Flow-After-Flow Tests (Back-Pressure Tests) 6. Single-Point Tests 7. Isochronal Tests 8. Modified Isochronal Tests 9. Workshop: Exercises 8 GAS FLOW THROUGH POROUS MEDIA, WELL TEST ANALYSIS 1. Diffusivity Equation, Real Gas Pressure 2. Pseudosteady State Flow Equations, Non-Darcy Flow 3. Pressure And Pressure-squared Functions 4. Converting pressure to real-gas pseudopressure Data 5. Overview of well testing (+VIDEO) 6. Conventional Techniques

4 7. Type-Curve Matching Technique 8. Modern Pressure Derivative Techniques (TDS) 9. Overview of Hydraulic Fracturing (+VIDEO) 10. Acidizing (+VIDEO) 11. Conventional Interpretation Techniques 12. Uniform Flux And Infinite Conductivity Fracture 13. Finite Conductivity Fracture 14. Workshop: Exercises 9 FUNDAMENTALS OF HORIZONTAL WELLS IN GAS RESERVOIRS 1. Overview of Horizontal Well Technology (+VIDEO) 2. Importance of Directional Permeability 3. Productivity Equations Of Horizontal Gas Wells 4. Fundamentals of Horizontal Gas Well Tests 5. Workshop: Exercises ABOUT THE INSTRUCTOR Dr. Djebbar TIAB served as a Professor of Petroleum Engineering at the University of Oklahoma from July 1977 to June He is the owner and general manager of his consulting company United Petroleum Technology, LLC (UPTEC), registered in Oklahoma, USA. He received his B.Sc. (May 1974) and M.Sc. (May 1975) degrees from the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, and Ph.D. degree (July 1976) from the University of Oklahoma - all in Petroleum Engineering. Dr. Tiab is the author/co-author of over two hundred fifty (250) conference and journal technical papers in the area of pressure transient analysis, dynamic flow analysis, Petrophysics, natural gas engineering, reservoir characterization, reservoir engineering and injection processes. In 1975 (M.S. thesis) and 1976 (Ph.D. dissertation) Tiab introduced the pressure derivative technique, which revolutionized the interpretation of pressure transient tests. He developed patents for CORE LAB in the area of reservoir characterization (identification of flow units). He is the senior author of the textbook Petrophysics : 1st Edition was published by Gulf Publishing Company in 1996; the 2nd and 3rd updated editions were published by Elsevier in 2004 and Petrophysic is available in Chinese, Russian and soon in Portuguese and Spanish. He has co-authored three research books titled Productivity Equations for Oil

5 Wells, Petroleum Reservoir Characterization Interwell Connectivity, published in 2009 by VDM Publishing House, and Analytical Solutions to Productivity And Pressure Transient Equations published by VDM & LAP Lambert Academic Publishing AG& Co., August Dr. Tiab has consulted for a number of oil companies and offered training programs in petroleum engineering in the U.S.A. and overseas. He worked for over two years in the oil fields of Algeria for Alcore, S.A., an association of Sonatrach and Core Laboratories. He has also worked and consulted for Core Laboratories and Western Atlas in Houston, Texas, for four years ( ) as a Senior Reservoir Engineer Advisor. He received the 1995 SPE Distinguished Achievement Award for Petroleum Engineering Faculty. He also received the technical 2003 SPE Formation Evaluation Award for Outstanding achievements in petrophysics and reservoir engineering. Dr. Tiab received in November 2013 the Africa Education Leadership Best Professor in Petroleum Engineering Award. Dr. Tiab is a member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences. ENROLLMENT In order to allow sufficient time for arranging travel plans, early enrollment is recommended. Registration will be closed on 10 October Late enrollment may result in course cancellation. CANCELLATION, SUBSTITUTION & REFUND The tuition fee will be refunded (less US$ 100 registration fee) only if notification of cancellation is received at least 10 days prior to the commencement. Non payment of tuition fee does not constitute automatic cancellation of participation. Substitution may be made at any time for those enrolled. CERTIFICATE A certificate of participation will be awarded to each person completing the course. TUITION FEE Tuition fee at Rp. 48,550,000 + VAT per delegate (the tuition fee will be adjusted based on the prevailing rate) is due and payable upon confirmation of enrollment. The fee is excluded accommodation. Payment should be settled at the latest on 10 October Any bank charges connected with payment in Rupiah must be added to tuition fee payment. Tuition fee includes admittance to the course, course materials, daily refreshments and full lunch. Payment can be made to PT. Geoservices Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk. KC Jakarta Kebon Sirih, Jl. Tanah Abang Timur No. 1 2, Jakarta Account No. : (IDR)