Learn Sailing Right! Beginner and Intermediate Sailing

Transcription

1 Learn Sailing Right! Beginner and Intermediate Sailing TEST 1 There are 50 Multiple Choice questions in this test. Read each question carefully and select the best answer from those provided. There is one best answer for each question. The correct answers can be located in the text pages noted in parentheses as part of each question. Write all answers on your Answer Sheet. DO NOT MARK ANY ANSWERS ON THIS TEST. 1. What is the name of the line used to hoist a sail up the mast? a. mainsail b. halyard c. bowline d. sheet 2. In general, what is the proper location for a helmsman to sit on a small dinghy? a. windward side b. leeward side c. at the transom d. anywhere since it doesn t matter 3. What does heaving-to require? a. a reefed mainsail b. an anchor to be thrown overboard c. a backed jib d. an engine in slow forward 4. What is the term for changing direction toward the wind? a. heeling b. bearing off c. beating d. heading up 5. Which of the following is stated in the Navigation Rules regarding collisions? a. all vessels must take measures to avoid collisions b. a lookout be posted only in foggy weather c. the stand on vessel always has right of way d. sailboats always have right of way over powerboats

2 6. In a man overboard rescue situation involving beginning sailors, what is the best method to return to the victim? a. take the sails down b. jibe the boat immediately c. tack and sail back on reach d. hold the jib aback 7. What is the name of the top corner of a sail? a. head b. top c. luff d. clew 8. When do sails work at their maximum efficiency when sailing upwind? a. when luffing b. on the verge of a luff c. over-trimmed d. half-way in 9. Which of the following is true regarding the scoop capsize recovery method in light air? a. it doesn t matter which direction the sails are facing relative to the wind b. it is the only capsize recovery method for catamarans c. it can only be done sailing singlehanded d. it must be done in the no-go zone 10. Which is the best action to take with a sailor suffering from heat exhaustion? a. move the person to a warm, dry area and allow them to warm up b. move the person to a well heated area and warm them up as quickly as possible c. allow them to finish the sailing session, then treat as needed d. move the person to a cool, dry area and allow them to cool down 11. Why is layering important? a. it helps students build on skills they already have b. it helps ensure you have the proper gear for the conditions c. it protects you from heat emergencies d. it keeps you dry no matter what you are wearing 12. In addition to being the best way to stay hydrated, drinking plenty of water helps to do which of the following? a. stay warm b. fend off heat emergencies c. fend off hypothermia d. keep you functioning at a low level

3 13. How can a lull be identified on the water? a. less ripples and lighter colors b. more ripples and lighter colors c. less ripples and darker colors d. more ripples and darker color 14. What is the term used when the wind s direction moves aft while sailing upwind? a. puff b. lull c. lift d. header 15. What is a stationary reading of the wind s direction and velocity called? a. true wind b. heavy wind c. shifting d. apparent wind 16. What term describes wind that is modified by a boat s motion? a. true wind b. heavy wind c. shifting d. apparent wind 17. What is the scientific name of thunderhead clouds which are usually accompanied by severe conditions, including strong wind, heavy rain and lightning? a. cumulus clouds b. cirrus clouds c. cumulonimbus clouds d. stratus clouds 18. What is it called when denser cool air is drawn toward rising warm air? a. thermal wind b. clocking wind c. temporal wind d. lulling wind 19. Which of the following is the definition of current? a. speed of water b. depth of water c. vertical movement of water d. horizontal movement of water

4 20. What term describes the depth and location of the curvature of the sail? a. draft b. twist c. speed mode d. point mode 21. What is twist? a. the depth and location of the curvature of the sail b. the curvature of the leech c. what a sailor wants for point mode d. a shape only controlled by the boom vang 22. What is one way to power-up your mainsail? a. tighten the halyard b. bend the mast c. move the jib leads forward d. ease the Cunningham/downhaul 23. What does a closed leech refer to? a. a sail with a lot of twist b. a sail with compression battens c. a sail whose leech curls to windward d. a sail with maximum outhaul 24. What does adjusting the backstay change in addition to changing the shape and leech of the main? a. the angle of the boom to the wind b. the headstay/jib luff sag c. the tension on the jib sheets d. the halyard/main luff sag 25. What control adjustments will help you set the sails up for point mode? a. eased outhaul, Cunningham/downhaul and boom vang b. eased mainsheet, backstay and traveler c. a generally flatter shape with a tight leech d. a generally fuller shape with a loose leech 26. What is it called when a boat sailing upwind in strong wind has a tendency to turn to windward? a. lee helm b. weather helm c. center of effort d. footing

5 27. What is it called when the center of effort and center of lateral resistance are in alignment? a. twist b. veering c. balanced d. heeling 28. Why is it faster to heel a boat to windward when sailing downwind? a. The fins are more vertical b. The weight of the crew is reduced c. It is easier for the skipper to reach the tiller extension d. There is less wetted surface friction 29. What is a good visual reference to use when adjusting your boom vang for downwind sailing? a. Adjust so the top batten is parallel to the boom b. Adjust so the top batten is curling to windward c. Ease until you see maximum twist d. Pull it on hard so you are vang sheeting 30. What should the skipper (and crew) do in planing conditions when sailing on a broad reach? a. slide aft to get the bow out of the water b. heel the boat to windward to reduce wetted surface friction c. tighten the boom vang to reduce the draft d. move their weight forward 31. Why do sailors keep an eye out for puffs and lulls when sailing upwind? a. to locate the boat s destination b. to identify the best waves to surf off the wind c. to anticipate changes in wind strength and direction d. to find weather helm 32. What is footing? a. repeatedly pumping the mainsail b. repeatedly pumping the jib c. steering a higher course in a lull d. steering a lower course in a lull 33. What sailing maneuver reduces the transition time of the sail switching sides during a tack? a. hard tack b. soft tack c. roll tack d. pump tack

6 34. What should a sailor do when jibing a dinghy in medium to heavy wind? a. sheet the main sail in to centerline to decrease speed b. grab the multiple parts of the mainsheet to pull the mainsail across the boat c. ease the main all the way out to decrease speed d. move crew weight forward to get the bow lower in the water 35. When roll jibing, what should the boat s crew do with their weight? a. move forward b. heel the boat to leeward to head the boat up slightly for speed c. heel the boat to windward to begin carving the turn down d. flatten the boat for neutral helm and move forward 36. Which of the following would help to avoid capsizing to windward when sailing downwind? a. tighten the boom vang b. loosen the boom vang c. loosen the main sheet d. tighten the Cunningham. 37. Which of the following is the most likely cause of a capsize to windward when sailing downwind? a. mainsail is over-trimmed b. centerboard is too low c. vang is too tight d. vang is too loose 38. What is the best way to tie an object securely? a. clove hitch b. round turn and two half hitches c. two round turns and a half hitch d. figure eight and a half hitch 39. Where should a tow line be attached on a sailboat with a deck stepped mast that is being towed? a. forestay b. deck stepped mast c. thwart mounted traveler bar d. transom hung rudder 40. Which of the following is the best method for reducing sail area in strong winds? a. windage b. reefing c. kedging d. hiking

7 41. What is the correct ratio of scope of anchor rode to water depth for a boat anchoring for a long stay? a. 1:3 b. 4:1 c. 5:1 d. 7:1 42. What is the typical material for a tow line? a. Manila b. Nylon c. Spectra d. Dacron 43. What must be done when performing a walk-over capsize recovery? a. keep your head down to avoid the swinging boom b. tighten the boom vang to tension the leech c. keep your feet near the tip of the rudder to prevent breakage d. grab the boom to keep it from swinging 44. What should be released during a capsize recovery to prevent a repeat capsize? a. trapped air in the air tank b. vang and sheets c. vang and hiking straps d. the mainsheet and hiking straps 45. Which of the following is an internationally recognized emergency signal of distress? a. giving a thumbs-up b. waving arms over your head c. standing on the gunnel d. capsizing the boat 46. What is the best method to bring a man overboard back aboard the boat? a. grab and pull the life jacket straps b. stand on the centerboard c. over the transom, under the arms d. over the windward side, using an assisted lift 47. What navigational tool do sailors use as a road map on the water? a. a fathometer b. a chart c. the inclinometer d. a map

8 48. What purpose do lateral markers serve? a. identify the sides of a channel b. keep the boat from capsizing c. allow sailors to duplicate sail settings d. identify the center of the channel 49. The day mark shapes for channel markers consist of which following pair? a. a circle and a square b. a triangle and a circle c. an octagon and a square d. a triangle and a square 50. Five or more short blasts of a boats horn indicate which of the following? a. a fog signal for steaming ahead b. danger or doubt about another vessels intention c. if you need assistance, follow me d. deploy lifeboats