CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-PDD) Version 03 - in effect as of: 28 July 2006 CONTENTS

Transcription

1 page 1 CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-PDD) Version 03 - in effect as of: 28 July 2006 CONTENTS A. General description of project activity B. Application of a baseline and monitoring methodology C. Duration of the project activity / crediting period D. Environmental impacts E. Stakeholders comments Annexes Annex 1: Annex 2: Annex 3: Annex 4: Contact information on participants in the project activity Information regarding public funding Baseline information Monitoring plan Appendices Appendix 1: Appendix 2: Appendix 3: Project s Contribution to Sustainable Development Abbreviations WTG Identification, Location and HTSC Number

2 page 2 SECTION A. General description of project activity A.1 Title of the project activity: >> Bundled Wind power project in Tamilnadu, India co-ordinated by the TamilNadu Spinning Mills Association (TASMA) Version A.2. Description of the project activity: >> This project involves grouping of 704 wind turbines. The small wind mill sub project owners, who operate spinning mills, have invested into wind energy generation encouraged by their Association - Tamil Nadu Spinning Mills Association (TASMA). The generated wind power is used for meeting their captive needs and for exportation to the grid. All the wind mills are connected to the grid of the Tamil Nadu Electricity Board (TNEB) / Southern Grid; situated within the State of Tamilnadu, micro-sited in many locations based on wind availability. This wind based electricity generation aggregates to a total Installed capacity of MW and the generation is expected to be approximately 860 GWh, annually. The project activity consists of many individual sub projects with different ownerships, all of which are members of the Tamil Nadu Spinning Mills Association. The association TASMA has promoted and continues to promote the adoption of wind energy generation for its members to meet their own needs. TASMA has demonstrated to its members that the wind energy generation is viable keeping in mind the CDM revenue. TASMA also has been authorised by its members, present project activity sub project owners, to develop the wind energy generation activities as CDM projects. The project activity generates 860 GWh of power using wind energy through wind turbine technology, enabling displacement of thermal energy. The project owners either sell electricity to TNEB or consume the energy at their mills under Power Purchase Agreements executed between individual owners and TNEB. All the windmill systems have been commissioned. The novel feature of this project activity of TASMA is that it could bring together, a number of investors with small power requirements (who otherwise would have chosen to draw power from the grid) to invest into wind turbines as: They could gain negotiating capacity with the suppliers; Infrastructure support could be procured easier; Resources to obtain CDM benefits and power purchase agreements could be pooled. The Significant Contributions by the project activity towards sustainable development are: - Reduction in emission of Green House Gases - Increase the contribution of renewable energy to the Southern Grid/Tamil Nadu Electricity Grid of India. - Encourage Industries to contribute to Green Power Development and CDM

3 page 3 - Reduction in procurement and use of diesel based power generation sets as power option by project participants - Overall Rural development - Capacity addition to installed capacity of Southern Grid, filling up the ever-growing gap between power supply and demand - Generation of additional employment especially for windmill operations/ maintenance security etc. A.3. Project participants: >> The Tamilnadu Spinning Mills Association (TASMA) is the Primary Project Sponsor. The members of the Association are the owners of the wind turbines that are bundled in this project activity. TASMA is registered as a society under TamilNadu Societies Registration Act 1975, and rules and regulations therein govern its functioning. TASMA started in the year 1997, with a small group of 36 spinning mills from the Dindigul District of Tamilnadu, with the purpose of catering to multifarious business needs of spinning mills from a common platform. Today, the Association has grown to a strength of 303 mills having effective interfaces with Government, Business Houses, NGOs, and Overseas Bodies. The Association specifically interacts with organizations like the Tamilnadu Pollution Control Board, the Tamilnadu Electricity Board (TNEB), Labour Department, Export / Import, Ministry of Industries, etc. TASMA promotes best practices among its members which includes green practices such as wind based electricity generation and energy efficiency. Thus, TASMA has brought together the mills for establishing wind energy generation keeping in mind the potential CDM benefits. The promotion activity has been enabled through various meetings and presentations organised with the help of wind turbine (WTG) manufacturers. Subsequently, TASMA has been authorised by its members to act as the aggregator of the sub projects of the CDM- Project activity and to represent the owners during the CDM project development and subsequent issuing and contracting. TASMA has entered into an agreement with Carbon Asset Services Sweden AB, and this entity will also be a project participant. The respective parties i.e. the Government of India and the Government of Sweden have approved the project.

4 page 4 The list of project participants is: Name of the Party involved (*) (host)indicates a host party) Private and/or public entity (ies) Project Participants (*) (as applicable) Kindly indicate if the party involved wishes to be considered as project participant (Yes/NO) No Government of India (Host Party) Tamilnadu Spinning Mills Association TASMA No Government of Sweden Carbon Asset Services Sweden AB (*)In accordance with the CDM modalities and procedures, at the time of making the CDM-PDD public at the stage of validation, a Party involved may or may not have provided its approval. At the time of requesting registration, the approval by the party (ies) involved is required. Note: When the PDD is filled in support of a proposed new methodology (forms CDM-NBM and CDM- NMM), at least the host Party (ies) and any known project participant (e.g. those preparing a new methodology) shall be identified. The details of sub projects are given in Appendix - 3 A.4. Technical description of the project activity: >> A.4.1. Location of the project activity: A Host Party(ies): >> The Host party is the Government of India (GOI) A Region/State/Province etc.: >> Tamilnadu A City/Town/Community etc: >> Coimbatore, Tirunelveli, Kanyakumari districts of Tamilnadu A Detail of physical location, including information allowing the unique identification of this project activity (maximum one page): >>The WTGs are installed in major locations at Udumalpet, Ayakudi, Aralvaimozhi in the districts of Coimbatore, Tirunelveli and Kanyakumari. These sites in these locations have been selected through the micro-siting studies and data analyses on wind availability, speed of wind, minimum speed etc. All WTGs belonging to the project activities are connected to the same grid namely TNEB, which is part of the southern grid of India. The map showing the locations of WTGs is as follows:

5 page 5 WTG Locations The details of the locations of the WTGs, with high tension service connection numbers (HTSC, for the unique identification of the location) is shown in Appendix 3. A.4.2. Category(ies) of project activity: >> The category of the CDM project activity would be Grid connected electricity generation from renewable sources Scope: Scope No 1, Sectoral Scope Energy Industry A.4.3. Technology to be employed by the project activity: >> Technology : The project activity has employed Horizontal Axis WTGs of different capacities. All the WTGs deployed in the project activity are from well-known international manufacturers. All these WTGs are type tested and approved by the Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Sources (MNES), Government of India. The turbines generate power at 400 volts, which is stepped up to 33 KVA by the local transformers. The HT transmissions are connected to service 110 KVA substations provided by TNEB.

6 page 6 The plant load factor of each WTG is affected by wind availability, wind speed, and grid availability. The available locations for the turbines in this project activity do not have very good wind availability as such locations are already occupied and the grid availability is also not very good as evacuation infrastructure is inadequate at the time of investment decision. The average plant load factor of all the WTGs based on empirical data is, approximately 20.9%. The choice of capacity of the WTG was based on, The power requirements of the spinning mill owners (generally about 500 KW. Most spinning mill owners do not want to generate surplus power for export to the grid); The availability and cost of WTGs; Wind Characteristics and the locations. The sub projects covered by this project activity involve the installation of 704 WTGs with the following capacity distribution. CAPACITY DETAILS OF WTGS Capacity in KW NO of WTGs Total Capacity in MW Total

7 page 7 Distribution of WTGs based on capacity and supplier Make NO Unit Capacity- KW Total Capacity - MW ABB BONUS ENERCON ENERCON ENERCON GAMESA NEG MICON NEG MICON NEG MICON NEPC NEPC PIONEER PIONEER PIONEER WINCON SIEMENS SIEMENS SUZLON SUZLON VESTAS VESTAS-RRB VESTAS-RRB VESTAS-RRB Total >> A.4.4 Estimated amount of emission reductions over the chosen crediting period: Years Annual Estimation of Emission in tonnes of CO2 Eq Reduction

8 page Total estimated reductions (tonnes of CO2e) Total number of crediting years Annual average over the crediting period of estimated reductions (tonnes of CO2e) 10 Years >> A.4.5. Public funding of the project activity: The total funding for the project activity has come from the individual sub project owners and commercial loans availed by them. No official development Assistance (ODA) has been used for the project.

9 page 9 SECTION B. Application of a baseline and monitoring methodology B.1. Title and reference of the approved baseline and monitoring methodology applied to the project activity: >> Title: Consolidated Baseline Methodology for grid connected electricity generation from renewable sources Reference : ACM0002 Version 6 19/05/2006 B.2 Justification of the choice of the methodology and why it is applicable to the project activity: >> This project activity involves electricity capacity addition from wind sources, connected to the southern grid and hence satisfies the applicability condition cited above. This project activity does not involve switching from fossil fuels to renewable energy and hence satisfies the applicability condition cited above. The geographic and system boundaries of the T.N.E.B grid and Southern Grid are clearly identified and widely used by Electricity administrative and regulatory authorities in India. The information on the characteristics of the grid are publicly available from the Central Electricity Authority. Hence this project activity satisfies the applicability condition cited above. B.3. Description of the sources and gases included in the project boundary >> The spatial extent of the project boundary comprises of all the power plants connected to the Southern grid of India. The schematic diagram of project boundary is as follows:

10 page 10 System Boundary Sub Station(s) Transformer WTG TNEB Southern Grid Project Activity Consumers T N E B Grid Power Plants Connected to TNEB Grid Project Boundary The sources and gases included in the project boundary are as follows: Base Line Source Gas Included? Justification / Explanation Emissions from the power plants connected to the southern grid of India CO 2 Yes Main source of emission CH 4 No Not considered. This is conservative N 2 O No Not considered. This is conservative Project Activity CO 2 No As per ACM0002, project emission is not be considered for a wind project CH 4 No As per ACM0002, project emission is not be considered for a wind project N 2 O No As per ACM0002, project emission is not be considered for a wind project

11 page 11 B.4. Description of how the baseline scenario is identified and description of the identified baseline scenario: >> The steps considered for determination of the baseline scenario : The realistic and credible alternatives to the project activity will be as follows: a) Proposed Project activity not undertaken as a CDM activity b) To allow the members of TASMA The industrial consumers - to continue drawing power from the southern grid, that is without investing in the project activity. Alternative a, is not realistic as implementation of the project activity without CDM revenue is not financially attractive as demonstrated in the additionality discussion in section B.5. So, the credible alternative will be drawing of power from the southern grid (Alternative b). Baseline scenario: Electricity delivered to the grid by the project would have otherwise been generated by the operation of grid-connected power plants and by the addition of new generation sources. B.5. Description of how the anthropogenic emissions of GHG by sources are reduced below those that would have occurred in the absence of the registered CDM project activity (assessment and demonstration of additionality): >> The additionality of the project activity has been demonstrated and assessed using the latest version of the Tool for the demonstration and assessment of additionality. Step 0: Preliminary screening based on the starting date of the project activity Requirement : If project participants wish to have the crediting period starting prior to the registration of their project activity, they shall: (a) Provide evidence that the starting date of the CDM project activity falls between 1 January 2000 and the date of the registration of a first CDM project activity, bearing in mind that only CDM project activities submitted for registration before 31 December 2005 (subsequently modified to March ) may claim for a crediting period starting before the date of registration Project Characteristics: The starting date of all sub-projects falls between 1st January 2000 and the date of the registration of the first CDM project activity.

12 page 12 TASMA has submitted the PDD to the DOE before December 31, 2005 and has presented all documentation necessary for initial submission. These documents included the identification of subproject owners and commissioning dates. These documents have been verified by the DOE at site. The identification details are presented in Appendix 3. Conclusion: Step 0 (a) is satisfactorily passed. Requirement (b) Provide evidence that the incentive from the CDM was seriously considered in the decision to proceed with the project activity. This evidence shall be based on (preferably official, legal and/or other corporate) documentation that was available to third parties at, or prior to, the start of the project activity. Project Characteristics : TASMA has created awareness of CDM to its members through training programs conducted with the assistance of the manufactures of WTGs, such as Enercon and Suzlon in Following this, TASMA has deliberated with its members and structured the approach plan for CDM activities for its members. The extraordinary general meeting of TASMA held on 07/02/2002 approved this approach, plan, guidelines and rules for the CDM activity to be co-ordinated by TASMA. Based on the information provided by WTG suppliers and the initiative and responsibility taken up by TASMA, the individual sub project owners have considered the CDM revenue in their investment decisions. The individual sub project owners have authorised TASMA to act on their behalf to obtain CDM benefits and to group the eligible projects in one PDD so as to cut transaction costs. Following documents evidence the process and have been verified the DOE.

13 page 13 Topic Reference / File Name 1. Letter from Suzlon on CDM Seminar-suzlon.jpg 2. Letter from Enercon on CDM Seminar-enercon.jpg 3. Record of CDM Seminar on 3/11/2001 MOM-1.jpg 4. Signature of participants for the above Seminar MOM-1- sign-1.jpg MOM-1- sign-2.jpg 5. Transcript of the above record MOM-1-Transcript.doc 6. Minutes of Meeting (Extraordinary General Meeting of the Association) for Formulating the Guidelines and Rules 07/02/2002 This evidence is official and legal documentation that was available to third parties (by law, the minutes book of an association is available for scrutiny by the members and Registrar of Societies) the start of the project activity. 7. Signature of participants for the above Meeting The rules of the association require that minutes of the meeting be signed by the members present at the meeting, constituting the quorum. 8. General Rules Circular MOM-2.jpg MOM-2- sign-1.jpg MOM-2- sign-2.jpg General Rules Circular.doc The circular of the Association is a legal document, part of the minutes book and circulated to all members. It is available to public and relevant regulators. 9. Authorization Samples Authorization 1.jpg Authorization 2.jpg Authorization 3.jpg Authorization 4.jpg Authorization 5.jpg Authorization 6.jpg The documentation as above provides evidence that the incentive from the CDM was seriously considered in the decision to proceed with the project activity. This evidence is based on official and legal communication between TASMA and the sub project owners. Conclusion: Step 0 b is satisfactorily passed. Proceed to step -1

14 page 14 Step 1. Identification of alternatives to the project activity consistent with current laws and Regulations Sub-step 1a. Define alternatives to the project activity: Requirement 1. Identify realistic and credible alternative(s) available to the project participants or similar project developers that provide outputs or services comparable with the proposed CDM project activity. These alternatives are to include: The proposed project activity not undertaken as a CDM project activity; All other plausible and credible alternatives to the project activity that deliver outputs and on services (e.g. electricity, heat or cement) with comparable quality, properties and application areas; If applicable, continuation of the current situation Project Characteristics The following are alternative scenarios for this project activity: Proposed Project activity not undertaken as a CDM activity; The industrial consumers continue drawing power from the grid. Sub-step 1b. Enforcement of applicable laws and regulations Requirement 2. The alternative(s) shall be in compliance with all applicable legal and regulatory requirements, even if these laws and regulations have objectives other than GHG reductions, e.g. to mitigate local air pollution. This sub-step does not consider national and local policies that do not have legally-binding status. 3.If an alternative does not comply with all applicable legislation and regulations, then show that, based on an examination of current practice in the country or region in which the law or regulation applies, those applicable legal or regulatory requirements are systematically not enforced and that non-compliance with those requirements is widespread in the country. If this cannot be shown, then eliminate the alternative from further consideration. 4. If the proposed project activity is the only alternative amongst the ones considered by the project participants that is in compliance with all regulations with which there is general compliance, then the proposed CDM project activity is not additional. Project Characteristics

15 page 15 Both the alternative(s) are in compliance with all applicable legal and regulatory requirements (Indian Electricity Act 2003, The National Electricity Policy) including the environmental regulations (Environmental Protection Act 1987). Conclusion The proposed project activity is not the only alternative amongst the ones considered by the project participants that is in compliance with all regulations. Step 1 is satisfactorily passed. Proceed to step 2 (Investment analysis) or step 3 (Barrier analysis). Step 2. Investment analysis Requirement Sub-step 2a. Determine appropriate analysis method Sub-step 2b. Option I. Apply simple cost analysis Sub-step 2b. Option II. Apply investment comparison analysis 1. Identify the financial indicator, such as IRR, NPV, cost benefit ratio, or unit cost of service levelized cost of electricity production in $/kwh or levelized cost of delivered heat in $/GJ) most suitable for the project type and decision-making context. Sub-step 2b Option III. Apply benchmark analysis 2. Identify the financial indicator, such as IRR, NPV, cost benefit ratio, or unit cost of service (e.g.,levelized cost of electricity production in $/kwh or levelized cost of delivered heat in $/GJ) most suitable for the project type and decision content Project Characteristics: Option I is not applicable as the project activity involves economic benefits in the form of revenue form electricity tariffs. It is proposed to use Option III Investment comparison analysis and the financial indicator that is identified is the project IRR as suggested by the additionality tool. The bench mark for return on equity has been established as 16 % for investments in the Indian power sector. This bench mark is referred to in the document dated December 1997 of the Central Electricity Authority (CEA). The same bench mark has also been recommended in the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) notification dated March 26th The same figure is further confirmed by the Tamil Nadu Electricity Regulatory Commission Order dated 15/05/2006 ( Thus 16% post tax return on equity has been an established benchmark for a long time, whether in the public or private sector. Thus, in India all public notifications referring to investment criteria set the return on equity as benchmark. The only bench mark relating to project IRR is available for investments into wind power by the project financing divisions of Banking Institutions (which is a private communication from Banks to individual

16 page 16 loan seekers). Also, registered Indian CDM projects of similar nature have used project IRR of 16% as bench mark for investments. Conclusion : Pre Tax return on equity of 16 % can be used as bench mark for the project IRR. Sub-step 2c. Calculation and comparison of financial indicators: Requirement 5. Calculate the suitable financial indicator for the proposed CDM project activity and, in the case of Option II above, for the other alternatives. Include all relevant costs (including, for example, the investment cost, the operations and maintenance costs), and revenues (excluding CER revenues, but including subsidies/fiscal incentives. where applicable), and, as appropriate, non-market cost and benefits in the case of public investors. 6. Present the investment analysis in a transparent manner and provide all the relevant assumptions in the CDM-PDD, so that a reader can reproduce the analysis and obtain the same results. Clearly present critical techno-economic parameters and assumptions (such as capital costs, fuel prices, lifetimes, and discount rate or cost of capital). Justify and/or cite assumptions in a manner that can be validated by the DOE. In calculating the financial indicators. The project s risks can be included through the cash flow pattern, subject to project-specific expectations and assumptions (e.g. insurance premiums can be used in the calculation to reflect specific risk equivalents). 7. Assumptions and input data for the investment analysis shall not differ across the project activity and its alternatives, unless differences can be well substantiated. 8. Present in the CDM-PDD submitted for validation a clear comparison of the financial indication for the proposed CDM activity and : Project Characteristics: a. the alternatives, if Option II (investment comparison analysis) is used. If one of the other alternative has the best indicator (e.g. highest IRR), then the CDM project activity can not be considered as the most financially attractive. b. The financial benchmark, if Option III (benchmark analysis) is used. If the CDM project activity has a less favourable indicator (e.g. lower IRR) than the benchmark, then the CDM project activity cannot be considered as financially attractive. For the investment analysis of this project not only has each and every sub project been individually considered, but also a longer life of 20 years has been used for cash flow projections. The financial indicator, namely the project IRR has been calculated. All relevant costs (including, the investment cost, the operations and maintenance costs), and revenues (excluding CER revenues, but including subsidies/fiscal incentives. where applicable) are included. Non-market cost and benefits are not included because the sub project entities are not public investors. The following table illustrates the parameters used for the investment analysis. Some of these parameters are common for all sub projects. Some of the parameters are specific to sub projects. The use of these

17 page 17 parameters indicating if they are assumed or based on actual figures is explained in the table. For each of the individual sub projects the debt funding has been used based on the actual figures. Note : 1 Lakh = 0.1 Million Parameters Used In the Investment Analysis Common for all Projects Parameters Whether the value is actual or assumed Reference/Justification Wheeling Charges 5 % Actual Bills Banking Charges Assumption : 10 % of the kwh generated are banked Actual: 5% the banked kwh are charged at the prevailing tariff rate as banking charges. Based on empirical data of a typical case study. Bills Rate per Kwh of Rs 3.68 for Captive, Rs 2.70 for Sale to EB Tamilnadu Electricity Board generation Actual Values Adjustment Statements Generation Tax Rs 0.10 /Kwh - Actual The Tamilnadu Electricity (Taxation on consumption) act 1962 Act 4 of 1962 Depreciation 4.5 % depreciation is assumed. Only used to calculate the tax. No direct influence on the cash flow analysis. As the life time specified by suppliers is 20 year for WTGs and accounting practice is to have a 10 % residual value, the Straight Line Method is used to arrive at 4.5 % depreciation. This practice is also approved by TNERC. Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) 7.87 % for the year April 2002-March % for the year April 2003-March % for the year April 2004-March % for the year April 2005-March 2006 Income Tax Act /Finance Bill of Govt of India for the respective years Project length 20 years For this project activity, a conservative project length of 20 years has been used, which matches the life time of WTGs, as specified by the suppliers. It is normal for energy projects to use IRR calculations based on years of cash flow. Financial institutions lending funds suggest this approach. (Reference letter from Bank has been provided.). All the registered wind projects have used 10 years cash flows.

18 page 18 Parameters Used In the Investment Analysis Specific For sub Projects Parameters Whether the value is actual or Reference/Justification assumed Cost of the Project per WTG Rs In Lakhs - Actual Invoices Loan Rs In Lakhs Actual Loan statement Loan Repayment Rs In Lakhs - Actual Loan statement Loan Tenure Years - Actual Loan statement Moratorium Years - Actual Loan statement Interest Rate % of Interest Rate - actual Loan statement Generation Lakh (Kwh) Estimated based on site Performance The specified Plant Load Factor by the supplier is 25 % However ( Lakh = 100,000 or 0.1 Million) a range of 21-27% has been chosen based on the past performance of the WTGs. Operation & Maintenance cost 1.1 % of Plant Cost TNERC order no 3 dated 15/05/2006 (For increase in %) Insurance premium payable % TNERC Guidelines Miscellaneous expenses Not Considered ( Included in O&M) Conclusion : The individual analysis for all the sub projects shows the results on IRR as follows:. Project Activity Benchmark Max - % Min - % Average - % The investment analysis work sheets for the individual projects are submitted separately in excel files grouped as follows: - IRR2003: all WTGs installed from April 2002 to March 2003, - IRR2004: all WTGs installed from April 2003 to March 2004, - IRR2005: all WTGs installed from April 2004 to March 2005, - IRR2006: all WTGs installed from April 2005 to March 2006.

19 page 19 Sub-step 2d. Sensitivity analysis (only applicable to options II and III): Requirement 9. Include a sensitivity analysis that shows whether the conclusion regarding the financial attractiveness is robust to reasonable variations in the critical assumptions. The investment analysis provides a valid argument in favour of additionality only if it consistently supports (for a realistic range of assumptions) the conclusion that the project activity is unlikely to be the most financially attractive (as per step 2c para 8a) or is unlikely to be financially attractive (as per step 2c para 8b). Project Characteristics Sensitivity analysis has been conducted considering the following critical parameters Generation and Maintenance Expenses Generation (which depends on wind speed, wind availability and grid availability) is the factor which will critically influence the investment analysis. All the individual sub projects have been subjected to sensitivity analyses by varying the generation +/- 4 percent and also by varying maintenance expenses by 5 %. The expectation of variation in Plant Load Factor based on Wind Speed Patterns is about 1%, which translates into a variation of less than 4%. Variation in maintenance cost has been done as per the TNERC order.

20 page 20 Project Activity Base Value Generation Maintenance Bench Mark With 4 % With 4 % With 5 % With 5 % Increase Decrease Increase Decrease Max-% Min -% Average % Conclusion From the above discussion it is clear that all the individual wind turbines in the bundle have a project IRR that is less than the relevant Benchmark of 16%, even considering higher generation rates or lower operating and maintenance costs. The sub projects in this project activity, without CDM revenue, are not financially attractive. Steps 2a, 2b, 2c are passed satisfactorily. Proceed to step 4 Step 4. Common practice analysis Requirement Sub-step 4a. Analyze other activities similar to the proposed project activity: 1. Provide an analysis of any other activities implemented previously or currently underway that are similar to the proposed project activity. Projects are considered similar if they are in the same country/region and/or rely on a broadly similar technology, are of a similar scale, and take place in a comparable environment with respect to regulatory framework, investment climate, access to technology, access to financing, etc. Other CDM project activities are not to be included in this analysis. Provide quantitative information where relevant. Sub-step 4b. Discuss any similar options that are occurring: 2. If similar activities are widely observed and commonly carried out, it calls into question the claim that the proposed project activity is financially unattractive (as contended in Step 2) or faces barriers (as

21 page 21 contended in Step 3). Therefore, if similar activities are identified above, then it is necessary to demonstrate why the existence of these activities does not contradict the claim that the proposed project activitty is financially unattractive or subject to barriers. This can be done by comparing the proposed project activity to the other similar activities, and pointing out and explaining essential distinctions between them that explain why the similar activities enjoyed certain benefits that rendered it financially attractive (e.g., subsidies or other financial flows) or did not face the barriers to which the proposed project activity is subject. 3 Essential distinctions may include a serious change in circumstances under which the proposed CDM project activity will be implemented when compared to circumstances under which similar projects where carried out. For example, new barriers may have arisen, or promotional policies may have ended, leading to a situation in which the proposed CDM project activity would not be implemented without the incentive provided by the CDM. The change must be fundamental and verifiable. Project Characteristics a. Analyse other activities similar to the project activity and b. Discuss Similar Options that are Occurring The project activity is promotion and implementation of wind power generation by an Industry Association through its members and to our knowledge and available records such similar activity has not occurred anywhere else in the state of Tamilnadu (evidence for the same is provided to DOE) or the states covered by the Southern grid. It is to be noted here that TASMA s role has been: To promote the wind power generation To scan the technologies and provide assistance in procuring the technology Assist in project and post project monitoring and trouble shooting (non technical) Assist in CDM process and procuring CDM benefits The individual sub project owner manages the investments required and takes the risks. This model made it possible for small and medium enterprises to adopt clean energy generation by taking best benefits of policies, negotiations and CDM. This model is unique and is not undertaken anywhere else in the state of Tamilnadu or other states covered by the Southern grid (the relevant grid in the baseline scenario) Activities such as Implementation, operation and maintenance, monitoring, revenue collection are undertaken by the Wind farm managers who are WTG manufacturers/suppliers. But the business and operational model herein is significantly and critically different from that of this project activity. However, if we consider similar activity as the installation and operation of WTGs, then a number of such activities have occurred: In India only 10 States have wind power generation, in which Tamilnadu has a maximum share. The following table shows the installation of WTG project in Tamilnadu, from the year 1992, till March 2005:

22 page 22 State Tamil Nadu Gross Potential 3050 Year Capacity - MW Cumulative Capacity - MW Upto March Source: ( Hard copy has been submitted to the DOE. Out of the projects mentioned above, the projects up to the year 2001 belonged to a different and more favourable policy regime. The following policies have changed during late 2001 and early 2002 with a critical adverse impact on the attractiveness of investment into wind power generation: The Tariff has changed from Rs.2.25/KWh with 5% escalation each year to fixed Rs.2.70/KWh by an order dated by the Tamilnadu Electricity Board. The wheeling and Banking charges have increased from 2% to 5% by an order dated by the Tamilnadu Electricity Board. The Electricity Generation per MW capacity has started decreasing due to overcrowding of WTGs. Bedsides the policies cited above (which were favourable to projects before 2002, the other unfavourable circumstances with respect to project activities after 2002 are as follows: The cost of WTG and the land price have steadily increased.

23 page WTG cost / MW (Rs Cr) Land Cost/ acre Rs / Acre (Ref : Based the inputs from Mr Vetrivelan - Project manger - wind mills of Sri Shanmugavel Group of Mills ) Accordingly, WTG investment decisions up to cannot be considered as similar project activities. All sub projects have been planned decisions on investments were taken - during February 2002 to September The projects after the year , i.e. during ; ; , are of relevance for analysis as these are the similar activities that were being implemented and planned at the time of investments into the sub projects in this project activity. During this period (April 2002 March 2005), the wind mill capacity added in Tamil Nadu is MW including the ones in this project activity. We list such similar activities below and provide evidence for the stage of CDM projects that such projects are in.: sl.no Project Title Capacity Date of Commissi oning / Project Activity 1 Wind electricity generation in Tamil Nadu MW Bundled Wind Power Project in Nagercoil Wind Power project in Tamilnadu, by Amarjothi Group MW Small Scale Grid Connected Wind Electricity Generation Project by Tamil Nadu Newsprint and Papers Limited MW wind energy project in Tamilnadu, India 6 12 MW Bundled Wind Power Project in Tenkasi MW Bundled Wind Power Project in Udumalpet Belongs to the Period Status Source 15 1-Apr-03 Y Validation UNFCCC Sep-01 N Validation UNFCCC Mar-03 Y Validation UNFCCC Mar-01 N Validation UNFCCC Apr-04 Y Registered UNFCCC Apr-04 Y Validation UNFCCC Mar-04 Y Validation UNFCCC

24 page MW wind energy project in Tirunelveli and Coimbatore districts in Tamilnadu, India MW Grid Connected Wind Energy Project at Sankaneri Village in Tamil Nadu (India) 10 Wind Electricity Generation at Erakandurai, Dist :Tirunavalli by M/s GHCL Ltd MW Grid connected wind electricity generation project by KPR Mills in Tamil Nadu MW grid connected electricity generation project at Coimbatore in Tamil Nadu MW grid connected electricity generation project at Tirunelveli in Tamil Nadu MW grid connected electricity generation project by Madras Cements Limited in Tamil Nadu MW grid connected electricity generation project by Indian Wind Power Association at Tirunelveli,in Tamil Nadu MW grid connected electricity generation project by Indian Wind Power Association at Tirunelveli in Tamil Nadu MW captive grid connected wind power project by the members of IWPA at Coimbatore MW Grid-connected wind power project by the members of IWPA at Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu, India 19 Bundled 3.0 MW Wind Energy Project in Tamilnadu MW Wind Energy Project of Aruppukottai Sri Jayavilas Ltd, Tamilnadu, India MW Bundled Wind Power Project in Southern India Mar-02 Y Registered UNFCCC Sep-02 Y Validation UNFCCC Sep-04 Y Registered UNFCCC Mar-01 N Validation UNFCCC Mar-04 Y Validation UNFCCC Oct-03 Y Validation UNFCCC Mar-03 Y Validation UNFCCC Mar-03 Y Validation UNFCCC Dec-00 N Validation UNFCCC Mar-00 N Validation UNFCCC Mar-00 N Validation UNFCCC 3 1-Mar-06 N Validation UNFCCC Oct-05 N Validation UNFCCC Validation UNFCCC Jan-05 Y Validation UNFCCC

25 page Bundled 15 MW Wind Power Project in India Mar-05 Y Validation UNFCCC Validation UNFCCC Source for UNFCCC : It could be seen from the above table, a total of MW is accounted for by all the projects under validation /registration and MW accounted for by the projects between and For the same period, the capacity accounted for by TASMA Project is as given below. 1 Bundled Wind power project in Tamilnadu, India co-ordinated by Tamil Nadu Spinning Mills Association (TASMA) 2 TASMA - Project II, which will be submitted for validation once the first TASMA project is registered UNFCCC TASMA Summary Analysis YEAR Installed capacity in Tamilnadu in the period and Capacity of - Projects Seeking CDM Revenue (Excluding TASMA) Capacity TASMA Project I MW Capacity TASMA Project II MW Total Projects Seeking CDM MW % Projects Seeking CDM Revenue TOTAL MW % From the above analysis it can be seen that similar activities are not widely observed and commonly carried out, without CDM consideration.

26 CDM Executive Board page 26 Conclusion It is clear from the above discussion that the other WTG projects that have not considered CDM benefits but have occurred before , had better policy and investment climate. And most of the wind power projects that are established after , are being structured as CDM projects and are at various stages in the CDM project cycle. Also it may be noted that three of the above projects are already registered with UNFCCC. It has thus been convincingly demonstrated and evidenced that similar activities are not widely observed and commonly carried out in the region without the benefit of the CDM. Sub-steps 4a and 4b are satisfied. Can proceed to step 5. Step 5. Impact of CDM registration Requirement Explain how the approval and registration of the project activity as a CDM activity, and the attendant benefits and incentives derived from the project activity, will alleviate the economic and financial hurdles (Step 2) or other identified barriers (Step 3) and thus enable the project activity to be undertaken. Project Characteristics At the time of project planning the CER prices forecast were widely varying in the range of USD4 USD 100. The prototype carbon fund of the world bank has been offering USD 6 for wind projects in India. Based on the discussions with various experts TASMA arrived at a rate of 6 Euros for estimating the CDM benefit. Accordingly the same number is used to demonstrate the impact of the CDM revenue. The following table shows, how the CDM revenue helps in improving the IRR of the sub projects. Although the bench mark is not crossed for some projects even after the CDM revenue, the additional revenue improves the IRR significantly and sufficiently so as to let to a favourable decision for investment. The following table shows the summary of the impact of CDM revenue on the IRR. Before CDM After CDM Max-% Min -% Average-%

27 page 27 B.6. >> Emission reductions: B.6.1. Explanation of methodological choices: Approach Existing actual or historical emissions, as applicable is used for this project activity. Base Line Scenario Electricity delivered to the grid by the project would have otherwise been generated by the operation of grid-connected power plants and by the addition of new generation sources, as reflected in the combined margin (CM) calculations described below. The baseline emission factor (EFy) is calculated as a combined margin (CM), consisting of the combination of operating margin (OM) and build margin (BM) factors according to the following three steps. Calculations for this combined margin are based on data from an official source and are made and made publicly available. The base line emission factor consists of two components i.e. the operating and the build margin. The operating and build margins have been calculated by the Central electricity authority and published as version 1.1 on the CEA site at The value of the combined margin has been calculated as: tco 2 /MWh See annex 3 for the exact calculations. B.6.2. Data and parameters that are available at validation: (Copy this table for each data and parameter) Data / Parameter: EF Y Data unit: TCO 2 e / MWh Description: CO 2 emission factor for southern grid of India Source of data used: Based on ACM0002, EFy is calculated as the weighted average of OM Emission factor and BM emission factor. Value applied: Justification of the The calculation of EF Y is based on EF OM,y and EF BM,y, as per ACM0002, which choice of data or is an approved methodology. description of measurement methods and procedures actually applied : Any comment: Detailed information is presented in annex 3. Data / Parameter: Data unit: EF OM,y TCO 2 e / MWh

28 page 28 Description: Operating Margin Emission Factor for southern grid of India Source of data used: Based on ACM0002, simple OM emission factor is calculated. Value applied: Justification of the The calculation EF OM,y, as per on ACM0002, which is an approved choice of data or methodology. description of measurement methods and procedures actually applied : Any comment: Detailed information is presented in annex 3. EF BM,y Data / Parameter: Data unit: TCO 2 e / MWh Description: Build Margin Emission Factor for southern grid of India Source of data used: Based on ACM0002, BM emission factor is calculated. Value applied: Justification of the The calculation EF BM,y, as per on ACM0002, which is an approved methodology choice of data or description of measurement methods and procedures actually applied : Any comment: Detailed information is presented in annex 3. Data / Parameter: Data unit: Description: Source of data used: Value applied: Justification of the choice of data or description of measurement methods and procedures actually applied : Any comment: Data / Parameter: Data unit: Description: Source of data used: F j, y Kgs Quantity of Fuel used in kgs by different power plants Central electricity authority: CO 2 baseline database, 1.1 at te.htm As in the excel file The CEA is a legal / regulatory authority of India, whose data is available publicly. This is derived from the net heat rate for each of the plant NCV i Kcals/ Kg Net Calorific Value for different Fuels Central electricity authority: CO 2 baseline database, 1.1 at te.htm

29 page 29 Value applied: Justification of the choice of data or description of measurement methods and procedures actually applied : Any comment: As in the excel file. The CEA is a legal / regulatory authority of India, whose data is available publicly. Data / Parameter: OXID i Data unit: % Description: Oxidation factor for Fuel i Source of data used: 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Value applied: As in the excel file. Justification of the IPCC values have to be applied where no national values are available as of the choice of data or CDM EB decision. description of measurement methods and procedures actually applied : Any comment: Data / Parameter: Data unit: Description: Source of data used: Value applied: Justification of the choice of data or description of measurement methods and procedures actually applied : Any comment: Data / Parameter: Data unit: Description: Source of data used: Value applied: Justification of the choice of data or description of measurement methods and procedures EF CO2,i KG of CO 2 per KG of fuel Emission factor coefficient 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories As in the excel file IPCC values have to be applied where no national values are available as of the CDM EB decision. Gen j, y GWh Electricity supplied by each plant to the southern grid Central electricity authority: CO 2 baseline database, 1.1 at te.htm As in the excel file The CEA is a legal / regulatory authority of India, whose data is available publicly.

30 page 30 actually applied : Any comment: B.6.3 Ex-ante calculation of emission reductions: >> For a given year, the emission reductions contributed by the project activity (ER y) is calculated as follows: ER y = BEy - PEy - Ly Where ERy = Emission reductions for the year PEy = Project Emissions for the year Ly = Leakage for the year The emission reductions will be calculated based of actual net electricity supplied to the grid, using the baseline emission factor presented above. B.6.4 >> Year Summary of the ex-ante estimation of emission reductions: Estimation of Project Activity Emissions (tonnes of CO 2 eq.) Estimation of Baseline Emissions (tonnes of CO 2 eq.) Estimation of Estimation of Leakage Emissions Emissions Reduction (tonnes of CO 2 eq.) (tonnes of CO 2 eq.) (tonnes of CO 2 eq.) Note : The generation is less in 2003, 2004 and 2005 as the date of commissioning is different for different WTGs and all the wind mills became fully operational in 2006 only.

31 page 31 B.7 Application of the monitoring methodology and description of the monitoring plan: B.7.1 Data and parameters monitored (Copy this table for each data and parameter) Data / Parameter: Data unit: Description: Source of data to be used: Value of data applied for the purpose of calculating expected emission reductions in section B.5 Description of measurement methods and procedures to be applied: QA/QC procedures to be applied: Any comment: EGy GWh/y Net electricity supplied to the Southern grid of India by the project Actual measurement records (From energy meter reading at sub station) Year Generation in GWh Measured by 0.5S Class Meter (accuracy ±0.5%) Net generation = ( Export- Import) To be certified by TNEB Statement Monthly Measurement by TNEB Daily Measurement by Site Engineer QA/QC of Monitoring Equipment Calibration procedure: Electricity meter is calibrated by the TNEB at least once in 5 years with a calibration report kept by the project owner. This will be as per the guidelines followed by TNEB. Detailed Monitoring plan is discussed in B7.2 and Annexure-4