Content Area III: Types of psychological disorders

Transcription

1 Content Area III: Types of psychological disorders Topic: Case Study diagnosis Myers module: 48 Activity Type: Website Description: Assign a case study from the National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science website. Using the handout, (Case name.docx available on Canvas Disoders page) have students list the abnormal behaviors presented in the case study and indicate the dimensions of abnormality (deviant, distressful, dysfunctional). Finally, "diagnose" the case using the DSM- IV-TR axes. Notes: f2f and online. Source: Karen Kwan (SLCC) Topic: Anxiety Disorders and Schizophrenia Myers module: 50 Activity Type: Powerpoint slides Description: Lecture 31 Abnormal - Anxiety and Schiz.pdf Lecture slides from Eric Amsel. The slides are available on the Canvas disorders page. Can be used in conjunction with activities or in lecture Assessment: Quiz/Examination (using Myers test bank or other questions): Make sure to ask content, methodology, critical thinking, Notes: f2f and online. Source: Eric Amsel (WSU) TICE Goals: 1b, 1c Topic: What type of anxiety disorders are these? Myers module: 50 Activity Type: Activity handouts Description: Activity Handout 12.1 What Type of Anxiety Disorder Is It? Read through the examples below and identify which type of anxiety disorder is being described. 1. John is driving down the road and is overcome with a feeling that something is going to happen. His heart rate increases, he feels dizzy, and begins sweating profusely.

2 2. Joan feels she has to check the door seven times before leaving her apartment to make sure it is locked. She also has to turn the faucet on and off seven times after washing her face. 3. Janet has never flown on an airplane, because she has an intense fear of the plane s crashing. She has never been able to go and see her son and grandchildren in Hawaii, because she would need to fly to get there. 4. Jeffrey has lived in his two-room apartment for five years and has never left it. He orders out food to be delivered, and his nephew brings his groceries to him every two weeks. He is afraid that if he leaves, something bad will happen to him. 5. Samantha keeps everything she receives, including junk mail, paper bags, plastic grocery bags, rubber bands, and so on. Her apartment is a mess, and all of the floor space is covered with piles of stuff. Her kitchen is a mass of dirty dishes, and she doesn t even clean up after her dogs when they go to the bathroom in the house. 6. Joaquin was a soldier in Vietnam. Even though he came home from there more than 35 years ago, he stills wakes up during the night in a cold sweat with his heart beating fast. He takes five different nerve medications to relax him. He has lost many jobs and can t seem to hold onto one for more than a couple of months. 7. Janice sets her clothes out the night before work. She checks and double-checks everything to make sure it all matches and looks just right. Then she sets her alarm for two hours early to make sure she is not late, and even wakes up sometimes two or three times during the night to make sure the alarm is set. Topic: Notes: f2f and online. Source: King, L. A. (2010). Experience Psychology. McGraw Hill: New York.

3 Topic: Schizophrenia Positive/Negative Symptoms Myers module: 50 Activity Type: Activity handouts Description: Activity Handout 12.2 Schizophrenia: Positive, Negative, or Cognitive Symptoms What Type of Symptoms Is It? Read through the examples below and identify the positive, negative, or cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia. 1. Jamie hallucinates by seeing pink elephants flying by his bedroom door. He doesn t like to be around other people and will often sit on his bed and giggle uncontrollably while making silly faces at himself in the mirror. 2. Susan doesn t smile or frown. It does not matter whether she hears a joke or receives bad news. In fact, it seems as if she has no feelings. 3. Thomas believes he is Jesus and so goes into the middle of downtown and stands on the town square and starts preaching out loud to the people passing by. He claims that he can cure the sick and help the disabled walk again. If he sees someone drinking he tells them they are going to hell and should come forward and ask for total forgiveness of their sins. 4. Francis has been in a state mental hospital for the past 15 years. She remains immobile at times. If one of the nurses throws a ball at her, she will catch it, but then her arm will remain up in the air in the position in which she caught the ball. 5. Jonathan receives a lot of junk mail from various organizations asking him to donate money. He believes that the mail is from the IRS and that the government is trying to get information and money from him. He is afraid that if he doesn t keep moving, the government will figure out where he lives and come get him.

4 6. Jamie believes that every time he hears thunder it is God sending him a message to go outside and see if someone needs his help. Jamie will spend hours during a thunderstorm driving around looking for someone whose car has broken down and in need of help. Notes: f2f and online, Source: King, L. A. (2010). Experience Psychology. McGraw Hill: New York. Topic: Personality Disorder Myers module: 51 Activity Type: Activity Handouts Description: Activity Handout 12.3 Which Personality Disorder Is It? Read through the examples below and identify which type of personality disorder is being described. 1. Rebecca does not really trust anyone and always feels that people are talking about her when she is out in public. She sees herself as unlovable or innately bad and will cut her arms and legs in order to make herself feel better. Type of Personality Disorder: 2. Cindy was sexually abused by her grandfather when she was younger. She is now 25 years old and likes to keep to herself. She cries at the drop of a hat and often buys things impulsively. Type of Personality Disorder: 3. James is used to getting everything he wants. He persuades people to do things for him by manipulating them. Some of these things are illegal, but he really doesn t care if the people he is manipulating are caught, because he doesn t consider this his problem. Type of Personality Disorder: 4. Ted is a charming man who could get any woman he wanted and did. The only problem was that the women would end up dead. After some time had passed, Ted was convicted of being a serial killer. Type of Personality Disorder:

5 5. Steve is always taking supplies from work and at times money from the petty cash fund. He sees nothing wrong with this behavior. Steve comes to work late or not at all. He gets his coworkers to cover for him, even though they could lose their jobs if they were caught. Steve does not seem to care, however, nor does he show any remorse when there is a problem or someone else is caught. Type of Personality Disorder: 6. Joanie has had many boyfriends and stormy relationships. These relationships can be very intense or boring and often times do not last very long. Joanie thinks that there is something innately wrong with her. She tends to be very irritable and quick to get angry. Her friends never know what to expect. Joanie worries that no one likes her. She is prone to be impulsive in what she does and make a mess of her life. Lately, she has been contemplating suicide. Type of Personality Disorder: Notes: f2f and online. Source: King, L. A. (2010). Experience Psychology. McGraw Hill: New York. Topic: Personality Party Myers module: 51 Activity Type: Website Description: Instructions taken from John Sular s website ( Where the familiar I is used, Sular refers to himself. In this exercise, I divide the students into small groups (3 to 7) and give them two handouts. The first describes how various people, each with a different personality disorder, behaves at a party. The second handout lists the DSM-IV symptoms of various personality disorders. The student's task is to "diagnose" each of the characters at the party. After the groups are finished, we discuss the results. Handout 1 - (here is a pdf version of this handout which contains graphic illustrations for each personality disorder)...imagine a party where all the people had PERSONALITY DISORDERS Donna danced into the party and immediately became the center of attention. With sweeping gestures of her arms and dramatic displays of emotion, she boasted about her career as an actress in a local theater group. During a private conversation, a friend inquired about the rumors that she was having some difficulties in her marriage. In an outburst of anger, she denied any

6 problems and claimed that her marriage was "as wonderful and charming as ever." Shortly thereafter, while drinking her second martini, she fainted and had to be taken home. William wandered into the party, but didn't stay long. The "negative forces" in the room were unsettling to his "psychic soul-spot." The few guests he spoke to felt somewhat uneasy being with this aloof "space cadet." Sherry paraded into the party drunk and continued to drink throughout the night. Laughing and giggling, she flirted with many of the men and to two of them expressed her "deep affection." Twice during the evening she disappeared for almost half an hour, each time with a different man. After a violent argument with one of them, because he took "too long" to get her a drink, she locked herself into the bathroom and attempted to swallow a bottle of aspirin. Her friends encouraged her to go home, but she was afraid to be alone in her apartment. Winston spent most of the time talking about his trip to Europe, his new Mercedes, and his favorite French restaurants. People seemed bored being around him, but he kept right on talking. When he made a critical remark about how one of the woman was dressed - and hurt her feelings - he could not apologize for his obvious blunder. He tried to talk his way around it, and even seemed to be blaming her for being upset. Peter arrived at the party exactly on time. He made a point of speaking to every guest for five minutes. He talked mostly about technology and finance, and avoided any inquiries about his feelings or personal life. He left precisely at 10 PM because he had work to do at home. Before entering, Doreen watched the party for several minutes from outside through the window. Once she went in, she seemed very uncomfortable. When people tried to be nice to her, she looked guarded and distrustful. People quickly became uncomfortable with her habit of finding fault with everything little thing you said or did. She seemed to be picking fights with people. She didn't stay very long at the party. Margie didn't come to the party, even though she promised the hostess that she would bring the ice. The hostess was very upset that everyone had warm drinks. Harold wasn't invited to the party. No one really knows him very well because he rarely talks. In fact, he spends most of his time alone at home reading. Handout 2 DSM Characteristics of Several Personality Disorders Match up the following disorders with the descriptions of the party: Paranoid: suspicious, argumentative, paranoid, continually on the lookout for trickery and abuse, jealous, tendency to blame others, cold and humorless

7 Schizoid: has few friends; a "loner"; indifferent to praise and criticism of others; unable to form close relationships; no warm or tender feelings for other people Sociopath: breaks rules and laws; takes advantage of other people for personal gain; feels little remorse or guilt; appears friendly and charming on the surface; often intelligent Schizotypal: also aloof and indifferent like the schizoid; magical thinking; superstitious beliefs; uses unusual words and has peculiar ideas; a very mild form of schizophrenia Borderline: very unstable relationships; erratic emotions; self- damaging behavior; impulsive; unpredictable aggressive and sexual behavior; monophobia; easily angered Histrionic: overly dramatic; attention seekers; easily angered; seductive; dependent on others; vain, shallow, and manipulative; displays intense, but often false emotions Narcissistic: grandiose; crave admiration of others; extremely self-centered; feel they are privileged and special; expects favors from others; emotions are not erratic Compulsive: perfectionists; preoccupied with details, rules, schedules; more concerned about work than pleasure; serious and formal; cannot express tender feelings Passive-Aggressive: indirectly expresses anger by being forgetful and stubborn; procrastinates; cannot admit to feeling angry; habitually late Suggested answers: Donna=hystrionic, William=schizotypal, Sherry=borderline, Winston=narcissistic, Peter=compulsive, Doreen=paranoid, Margie=passive-aggressive, Harold=schizoid Notes: f2f and online. Source: John Sular

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