Background Procedure one two GRANDICORNUTOSAURUS habitat. bottom dashes (-) six big bold Colors Size Shape Texture Numbers Animal Parts

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1 Design - o saur Background Imagine you have discovered your very own dinosaur and you can prove that it is a new kind. Design your own one-of-a-kind, never discovered animal! Procedure 1. To create your dinosaur you will choose one feature from each of the categories below. (Color, size, shape, texture, number, animal parts) If you would like to add more you may. There are other prefixes on the back. **(L) means it is a Latin prefix and (G) means it is Greek. Use any combination. 2. To name your dinosaur choose the two most dominant characteristics. For example: If your dinosaur is known for its large horns its name might be GRANDICORNUTOSAURUS. 3. Draw your dinosaur based on all of the prefixes you have chosen. Be sure to include a habitat. 4. At the bottom of the drawing write all of prefixes you used with dashes (-) between each prefix (there should be a minimum of six). At the top of the drawing write the dinosaur name you have created (see #2) in big bold letters. 5. Make your drawing neat, colorful, and original. Colors black - (L) atri-,nigri-; (G) melanoblue - (L) cerule-; (G) cyanogreen - (L) viridi-; (G) chlorowhite - (L) albi-; (G) leucoyellow - (L) flav-; (G) xantho- Shape curved - (G) cyrto-, gampsoegg-shaped - (L) ovatflat -(L) plani-; (G) platyhollow - (L) cavi-; (G) coelohorned - (L) cornut-; (G) ceratoround - (L) circuli-; (G) cyclo-, gyro- Numbers one - (L) mono-; (G) unitwo - (L) bi-, duo-; (G) dithree - (L) tri-; (G) triafour - (L) quadri -; (G) tetraseven - (L) septem-; (G) heptaten - (L) decim-; (G) deca- Size dwarf - (L) pumili-; (G) nanogigantic - (L) ingenti-; (G) colossolarge - (L) grandi-; (G) macro-, megashort - (L) brevi-; (G) brachytall - (L) proceri- alti-; (G) aepy- Texture bare - (L) nudi-; (G) gymnobearded - (L) criniti-; (G) pogonohairy - (L) hirsut-; (G) lasio-, trichodorough - (L) asper-; (G) trachyspiny - (L) spini-; (G) acantho-, echinowrinkled - (L) corrugat-; (G) rugos- Animal Parts beak - (L) rostr-; (G) rhyncho claw - (L) ungui-; (G) chelo-, onychofoot - (L) pedi-; (G) podohead - (L) capit-; (G) cephalo tail - (L) caud-; (G) cercotooth - (L) denti-; (G) odonto- top - head, face mono - one

2 rhino, rhinus - nose pod - foot mimus - mimic gnathus - jaw don - tooth brachio, brachus - arm dactyl - finger stenotes - finger thero, therium - beast luro - tail rex - king ovo - egg ptera - wing acanthus - spines cera - horn derm - skin Word endings: raptor - thief of destroyer lestes - robber saurus - reptile, lizard bi - two tri - three tetra - four penta - five hexa - six bronto - thunder deino - terrible coelo - hollow compso - pretty brachy - short dromaeo - running drypto - wounding elasmo - plated lepto - slender lopho - ridged macro - large mega - huge apato - deceptive nano - dwarf nodo - lumpy nycho - clawed ornitho - bird-like pachy - thick phobo - fearsome pro - before preno - sloping poly - many segno - slow steneo - narrow saltus - leaping sarcos - flesh tarbo - alarming velox, veloci - speedy When you have finished, answer the following question in detail and in complete sentences. 1. Describe your dinosaur in paragraph form. 2. What did it eat and how did it find or capture food? 3. How did it defend itself? 4. What parts of your dinosaur could have been found as fossil remains? 5. Determine what dinosaur group your dino would have been part of (see page called Dinosaur Groups ) and explain what characteristics it had that would place it in that group. 6. What is a paleontologist? 7. Would you like to be a paleontologist? Why or why not?

3 Dinosaur Lifestyles Hatching: Paleontologists think most dinosaurs hatched from eggs. Many of the eggs that have been found are small, but others are over 10 inches (25 cm) long twice the size of an ostrich egg. The eggs are actually pretty small for such a large animal. Dinosaur eggs probably didn t get much bigger because the shells would have had to be very thick to support the weight of a giant egg. The problem with a thick shell is that little oxygen could have reached the baby dinosaur inside. Nests: Dinosaur nests have been dug up in parts of Montana, southern France, Mongolia, and Africa. Some of the nests found in France are over 15 feet wide. These nets are very similar to those of modern crocodiles and marine turtles. The fossilized eggs are clustered in piles of sand or mud. Caring for the Young: Paleontologists think that some dinosaurs cared for their young after they hatched. They have found fossils of young dinosaurs clustered in their nests. These young were much older and larger than the newly hatched babies. Herding: Scientists think many of the plant-eating dinosaurs traveled in large herds for protection themselves from enemies. They also think young dinosaurs may have traveled in the center of the herds, so they were protected by the much larger and stronger adults on the outside. Elephants currently exhibit this type of herding. Mating Displays: Many of the dinosaurs had strange looking crest, frills, bumps and spines on their heads, necks, and backs. Scientists think that some of these features were used in mating displays to attract members of the opposite sex. Many species of birds and reptiles exhibit these same characteristics today. Length of Life: Scientists think that the largest dinosaurs might have lived 200 years or longer. At this time no one knows for sure. This is based on knowledge about the larger species we have on earth today. Colors: Many scientists assumed dinosaurs were drab grays, greens, or browns, but many think some of them may have had bright stripes, spots, and patches. They also think the colors of some dinosaurs may have camouflaged them from predators. Many movies today portray dinosaurs as being very colorful. But of course, it is difficult to tell what color a dinosaur was by looking at its skeleton or an imprint of their skin. Speed: Scientists estimate how fast the dinosaurs traveled by measuring the distance between fossilized tracks. The faster an animal moves, the longer the stride. Scientists also compare dinosaurs skeletons with those of animals living today to get an idea about how fast they could probably move.

4 Teeth: Many dinosaurs could keep replacing their teeth until they died much like today s sharks do. This meant that if a dinosaur broke a tooth or the tooth because worn down, another tooth would eventually grow in its place. By studying fossilized teeth, scientist can tell whether a dinosaur ate plants, meat, or both. An animal that is a carnivore generally has teeth that are pointed for biting, gripping, and tearing. An herbivore, or plant eating animal, has flat shaped teeth suited for grinding tough, fibrous plant material. They can also get an idea of the size of the dinosaur by studying teeth. Claws and hooves: Many of the large meat-eating dinosaurs had long, sharp claws on their hands and feet. These claws look like the sharp talons of an eagle. They were used to capture large prey and hold it tight. Some of the smaller dinosaurs had a curved claw on each foot which scientists think were used to rip open the bellies of their prey. Some dinosaurs had bear-like claws, which were used to dig for insects and rip open logs and eggs. The duck billed, horned and armored dinosaurs had hooves just as many animals do today. These hooves protected the ends of the toes. Plates, armor, spikes and horns: Many of the large plant-eating dinosaurs had heavily armored bodies for protection from hungry predators. Senses: Most of the dinosaurs probably had good eyesight, good hearing, and a welldeveloped sense of smell. Scientists know this by studying the eye sockets, fossilized ear bones from the skull, and the size of the fossilized nasal cavities.

5 Dinosaur Groups Every year, new dinosaurs are discovered somewhere in the world. So far, there are more than 500 different kinds of dinosaurs that have been named. Dinosaurs that are most familiar to us can be placed in one of the groups below. Theropods: Early Jurassic, bipedal, carnivore, reptile hipped Sauropods: Late Triassic, long necked, long tailed, quadruped, whip like tail, straight elephant like legs, herbivores, reptile hipped Ceratopsians: Late Cretaceous, horned, most werequadruped Anklosaurs: Jurassic through Cretaceous, armored, bony plates, with sharp spikes Ornithopods: Early Jurassic through Cretaceous, birdhipped, bipedal most of the time, herbivores, lived in herds Stegosaurs: Late Jurassic, plates that ran along its back and tail, quadruped Pachycephalosaurs: Early and late Cretaceous, dome headed thick headed, bipedal