Producer. Artist. Broadcaster. Journalist. Editor. Distributer. Consumer. BN-er. Content. TV support chain. TV content chain.

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1 Content Erik Huizer Deel 1: The players Digital Video basics Digital TV HDTV Deel 2: Interactive TV Digital TV distribution Consumer behaviour TV content chain Artist Producer Endemol IDTV Eyeworks TV support chain Expertise Journalist Editor Broadcaster Distributer Publieke omroep Talpa RTL UPC Casema Essent Production Registration Post- Production Contribution News, Sport and Events Presentation services Play out Play out & preparation broadcasting Storage & archiving Cross Media Distribution Distribution to users BN-er Consumer You Infrastructure Caution! Technology plays a dominant role in new media Be aware of the risks Security is a must! Video and Film Film/TV 23 to 30 images per second 50 or 60 fields Europe and Australia PAL standard 25 frames per second 625 lines/50 fields 768x576 pixels USA NTSC standard 30 frames per second 525 lines/60 fields PAL in digital raw format 1 frame = 768x576x24 bits = 1.2 MByte x 25 fps = 248 Mbit/s = 1.85 GB/min = 111 GB/hr DVD/CD CD = 700 MB DVD = 4.7 GB 1

2 Digitization In camera HDcam, XDcam, DigiBeta, (H)DV standard SDI, Firewire (IEEE1394) connection In computer/capture board Digitization (encoding) and compression Codec Video standards Analogue Pal, NTSC, SECAM Digital DV Consumer per frame = editable MPEG-2 Broadcasters MPEG-4 Streaming Proprietary Windows Media (avi, wmv etc.) Real Quicktime Flash Compression/decompression Codec Lossful vs lossless Inter frame and intra frame E.g. MJPEG Symmetrical vs asymmetrical Key frames Codecs MPEG1 MPEG2 MPEG4 VC-1 Sorenson Cinepak DivX XVID MPEG Key frames and differences Group of pictures (GOP) I-frame (Intra frame) P-frame (predicted) B-frame (backwards predicted) Pattern E.g. IBBPBBPBB Frameworks Windows Media Quicktime RealVideo MPEG4/MPEG7/MPEG21 Audio-visual Codecs Object integration syntax (BIFS) Digital Rights Management 2

3 Video editing and Post-production Digital TV Selecting material In and out points Creating a timeline Applying transitions Direct cut Dissolve Etc. Effects Picture in Picture etc. Sound Not always same cuts as image Music Titles Rendering Computer calculates each frame TV channels distributed in digital form More channels possible Better quality possible Better control possible Interactivity Can be added to digital TV VoD Information (Enhanced Teletext) In-program HDTV New standard for higher quality Can be part of Digital TV offering But requires specific decoder etc. Digital TV Traditional Broadcast Analogue Cable, satellite, terrestrial Digital TV (DVB) DVB-C, DVB-S, DVB-T IPTV Internet, Bandwidth, delay Multicast Mobile TV IPTV DVB-H Digital TV Better quality Well, depends on quality encoding Certainly if HD arrives More channels Don t we have enough yet More choice in channel mix E.g. all sports channels Pay only for channels you want But currently I pay nothing Compose my own TV evening Do I want that? Because surrounding countries go digital And analog will be scarce Digital TV is expected to be largely adopted by 2010 Many predictions Ranging from end this year to 2030 On average 30% households in % by 2010 Analogue terrestrial did stop november 2006 Terminology SD = Standard Definition TV as you know it HD = High Definition TV will never be the same again Always wide screen 3

4 SDTV to HDTV TV now (Standard Definition, SD) lines (Baird, UK) lines (Japan) lines (NBC, USA) lines (NBC) was called HD!! lines lines (NTSC) lines (PAL) lines (HDTV Japan) lines (HDTV USA en Europa) 1080i 720 progressive scan 720p progressive scan 1080p Pal resolution 625 lines (576 carry the picture) In theory 720x576 pixels In praktice 704x528 Less if letterbox Your LCD screen 1280x720 pixels or more You re watching 704x396 (letterbox) Let s have a look Standard TV image Blown up to beamer resolution 1024x x768 The correct resolution for the beamer Did you note the difference? Video size The difference between 1920 TV resolution 720x576 ( pixels) versus Beamer resolution 1024x768 ( pixels) TV versus LCD screen is Letterbox TV signal 704x396 ( pixels) versus Flat panel 1280x720 ( pixels) p HD 1080i/p HD It is time to start using the pixels of those flat screens! Voorbeeld POC Voorbeeld Sith 704 4CIF/ FullD1 (SD) CIF digvid (SD)

5 HDTV standard? 720p50, 1080i25, 1080p50 Mpeg2, mpeg4 (H.264), VC1(Microsoft) EBU demo at the IBC Negligible difference between 720p and 1080i 46 Mpixel/s vs 52 Mpixel/s Temporal resolution versus spatial resolution No difference between MPEG4 and VC1 6 Mbits/ Lots of details missing, loss of sharpness when image is moving 8 Mbit/s Still detail missing, loss of sharpness when image is moving 13 Mbit/s Hardly loss of detail Small unsharpness when image is moving WC Mbit/s MPEG4 and 20Mbit/s MPEG2 Why now? Content USA, Japan, HD1, movies Production HD production gear has been available quite some time Distribution Encoding, distributing and decoding require lots of processor power and high bandwidth Viewing Viewing in the living room Xbox and Playstation New generation HD games DVD goes HD Blu-ray HD-DVD HDV camera for consumers Digital photo WC2006 in HDTV! Building the HDTV supply chain From producer to consumer All forms of distribution Cable, Internet Satellite Fiber Demo Simple HDTV encoding and streaming HDTV over IP (Multicast) Editing System HD Capture Card HD Capture Card HD Camera or HDV Camcoder HDV -to-hd / SDI Convertor Efficient network distribution No bottleneck server load No bottleneck bandwidth Routers in network determine packet replication Stored Stream Live Stream too few ISPs have multicast enabled in their networks unicast DVB or IP Gigabit Network RAID Storage System Play out Server Client HD Display multicast Server Router Server Router 5

6 Research options for HDTV Creative New formats Media mixture (text, graphics, etc.) Interface More pixels, more options EPG optimalisation Adoption New high impact consumer technology How do marketing strategies work? What circumstances make the consumer decide to go for HDTV? Production How is it used What are the costs HDTV Much higher resolution Using every pixel of your expensive flat screen 5.1 surround sound optional You do need a bigger TV George Lucas (THX standard): At 3 meters viewing distance, a 2 meter diagonal 6