Cap Screws & Bolts. Head, Body & Thread Dimensions Mechanical and Performance Requirements

Transcription

1 ead, Body & Dimensions Mechanical and Performance Requirements e ag Screws, Steel, Stainless & Galvanized e Cap Screws ead & Dimensions (all grades) Grade Stainless Steel Stainless Steel Grade Grade Structural Bolts, A325 & A Tension Control Bolts, A eavy e Bolts eavy e Cap Screws e Machine Bolts, Galvanized e Tap Bolts, Grades 2, 5 & Carriage Bolts Square Neck, ow Carbon Square Neck, ot-dip Galvanized Square Neck, Grade Square Neck, 18-8 Stainless Steel Short Neck, ow Carbon Ribbed Neck, ow Carbon Fin Neck, ow Carbon ead, Body & Dimensions Mechanical and Performance Requirements Step Bolts Serrated e Washer Flange Screws Frame Bolts, Grade Flange Screws, 12-Point T-ead Bolts Plow Bolts No. 3 ead Grade 5 & Clipped ead Elevator Bolts anger Bolts Dowel Screws Forged Eyebolts Plain Pattern Shoulder Pattern Slotted Flat Cap Screws Square Bolts Eternal Dimensions, Class 2A

2 Steel, Stainless & ot-dip Galvanized ag Screws Bolts & Cap Screws F S GIMET POINT G E EX AG SCREWS ASME B Basic Product s Per Inch E F G S Body or Shoulder Width Across Flats Width Across Corners ead eight Shoulder Ma Min Basic Ma Min Ma Min Basic Ma Min Min No / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / Nominal Screw Nominal Screw Size Thru 6 in. Over 6 in. Tolerance on 1/2 and smaller ±0.12 ±0.25 Over 1/2 ±0.25 ±0.25 of a lag screw is measured from the underhead bearing surface to the etreme end of the screw. eat Treatment ardness A full-bodied bolt with he head, spaced threads and a gimlet point. Steel, Electro-plated Zinc: For use in wood in non-corrosive environments. Steel, ot-dip Galvanized: For use in corrosive environments. Stainless: as superior corrosion resistance to galvanized steel bolts. Steel: AISI or equivalent steel. Stainless: 18-8 stainless. Stainless: The austenitic alloys develop their strength through work hardening during the fastener manufacturing process, as seen from the hardness properties below. The only heat treatment normally available on austenitic stainless alloys is annealing, which is done at approimately 1900 F to a dead soft condition and is not normally thermally reversible. Steel: Rockwell B70 - B100. Stainless: 1/4 through 1/2 in. diameter-- Rockwell B95 - C32. Minimum Steel: 60,000 psi. minimum Stainless: 100, ,000 psi. (approimate) The minimum length of thread shall be equal to 1/2 the nominal screw length plus 0.50 in., or 5.00 in., whichever is shorter. Screws too short for this formula shall be threaded as close to the head as practicable. See Appendi-A for information on the plating of steel lag bolts. 73

3 ead and Dimensions e Cap Screws J J F E E G o Y Cut T o Y T Rolled UNDERSIDE OF EAD of a cap screw is measured from the underhead bearing surface to the etreme end of the screw. EX CAP SCREWS ASME B E F G J T Y Nominal or Basic Product Body Width Across Flats Width Across Corners ead eight Wrenching eight For Screw s 6 in. For Screw s > 6 in. Transition Ma Min Basic Ma Min Ma Min Basic Ma Min Min Ref Ref Ma 1/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / Nominal Screw Size Up to 1 in., incl. Over 1 in. to 2-1/2 in., incl. Nominal Screw Over 2-1/2 in. to 4 in., incl. Over 4 in. to 6 in., incl. onger than 6 in. Tolerance on 1/4 to 3/ /16 and 1/ /16 to 3/ /8 and /8 to 1-1/

4 e Cap Screws, Gr-2, 18-8 & 316 Stainless Mechanical & Bolts & Cap Screws Performance Data GRADE-2 EX CAP SCREW ** ardness Proof oad Yield Strength* Elongation* Reduction of Area* A low or medium carbon steel, eternally threaded mechanical device 1/4" diameter or larger, with a trimmed he head and a washer face on the bearing surface. Economical for use in non-critical applications where the fastener is not subject to etreme temperatures or stress beyond the limits listed herein. AISI or equivalent steel. 1/4 through 3/4 in. diameter, 6 in. and shorter in length: Rockwell B80 - B100. 1/4 through 3/4 in. diameter, over 6 in. in length: Rockwell B70 - B100. 7/8 through 1-1/2 in. diameter, all lengths: Rockwell B70 - B100. 1/4 through 3/4 in. diameter, 6 in. and shorter in length: 55,000 psi. 1/4 through 3/4 in. diameter, over 6 in. in length: 33,000 psi. 7/8 through 1-1/2 in. diameter, all lengths: 33,000 psi. 1/4 through 3/4 in. diameter, 6 in. and shorter in length: 57,000 psi. minimum. 1/4 through 3/4 in. diameter, over 6 in. in length: 36,000 psi. minimum. 7/8 through 1-1/2 in. diameter, all lengths: 36,000 psi. minimum. 1/4 through 3/4 in. diameter, 6 in. and shorter in length: 74,000 psi. minimum. 1/4 through 3/4 in. diameter, over 6 in. in length: 60,000 psi. minimum. 7/8 through 1-1/2 in. diameter, all lengths: 60,000 psi. minimum. 18% minimum (all diameters) 35% minimum (all sizes) See Appendi-A for plating information F5 9 3-C ** EX CAP SCREW--STAINESS STEE, 18-8 & 316 F5 9 3-G ** eat Treatment ardness Yield Strength* Elongation in 4D* 18-8 and 316 stainless steel cap screws are both made from austenitic alloys as described below. 18-8: Used in products that require general atmospheric corrosion resistance, such as chemical and food-processing equipment. Some chemical environments may require special corrosion resistant materials and precautions. 316: The molybdenum content gives this type of stainless even greater corrosion resistance than 18-8 as well as superior strength at high temperatures. 18-8: A cap screw made from one of the following austenitic alloys: 303, 303Se, 304, XM7, all of which are characterized as having a chromium content of 17-19% and nickel content of 8-10%. 316: A cap screw made from 316 stainless steel, an austenitic alloy which differs from 18-8 by its molybdenum content (2-3%) and a higher nickel content (10-14%). The austenitic alloys develop their strength through work hardening during the fastener manufacturing process, as seen from the hardness properties below. The only heat treatment normally available on austenitic stainless alloys is annealing, which is done at approimately 1900 F to a dead soft condition and is not normally thermally reversible. 1/4 through 5/8 in. diameter: Rockwell B95 - C32 3/4 through 1 in. diameter: Rockwell B80 - C32 1/4 through 5/8 in. diameter, 2.25D and longer: 65,000 psi. minimum 3/4" (2.25D & longer) & 7/8 through 1 in. diameter (3D & longer): 45,000 psi. minimum 1/4 through 5/8 in. diameter, 2.25D and longer: 100, ,000 psi. 3/4" (2.25D & longer) & 7/8 through 1 in. diameter (3D & longer): 85, ,000 psi. 1/4 through 5/8 in. diameter: 20% minimum; 3/4 through 1 in. diameter: 25% minimum. D = Nominal diameter of the screw in inches *These properties are tested only on machined specimens when the testing machine cannot provide for full testing of the parts. **Product standards require the manufacturer s head marking to appear on the top of all cap screws 1/4 diameter and larger. X represents one location such a marking may appear. 75

5 ead and Dimensions Grades-5 & 8 Cap Screws J J F E E G o Y Cut T o Y T Rolled UNDERSIDE OF EAD of a cap screw is measured from the underhead bearing surface to the etreme end of the screw. EX CAP SCREWS ASME B E F G J T Y Nominal or Basic Product Body Width Across Flats Width Across Corners ead eight Wrenching eight For Screw s 6 in. For Screw s > 6 in. Transition Ma Min Basic Ma Min Ma Min Basic Ma Min Min Ref Ref Ma 1/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / Nominal Screw Size Up to 1 in., incl. Over 1 in. to 2-1/2 in., incl. Nominal Screw Over 2-1/2 in. to 4 in., incl. Over 4 in. to 6 in., incl. onger than 6 in. Tolerance on 1/4 to 3/ /16 and 1/ /16 to 3/ /8 and /8 to 1-1/

6 Grades 5 & 8 Cap Screws eat Treatment Core ardness Surface ardness Proof oad Yield Strength* Elongation* Reduction of Area* Mechanical & Performance Data GRADE-5 EX CAP SCREW A cap screw made from medium carbon steel and heat-treated. Bolts & Cap Screws as greater tensile strength than a Grade-2. Yield-to-tensile ratio is the lowest of all heat treated steels. Grade-5 cap screws shall be heat treated, oil or water quenched, at the option of the manufacturer, and tempered at a minimum tempering temperature of 800 F. Medium carbon steel. Use of an alloy steel is also acceptable. 1/4 through 1 in. diameter, all lengths: Rockwell C25 - C /8 through 1-1/2 in. diameter, all lengths: Rockwell C19 - C30. 1/4 through 1 in. diameter, all lengths: Rockwell 30N54 maimum. 1-1/8 through 1-1/2 in. diameter, all lengths: Rockwell 30N50 maimum. 1/4 through 1 in. diameter, all lengths: 85,000 psi. 1-1/8 through 1-1/2 in. diameter, all lengths: 74,000 psi. 1/4 through 1 in. diameter, all lengths: 92,000 psi. minimum 1-1/8 through 1-1/2 in. diameter, all lengths: 81,000 psi. minimum 1/4 through 1 in. diameter, all lengths: 120,000 psi. minimum 1-1/8 through 1-1/2 in. diameter, all lengths: 105,000 psi. minimum 14% minimum (all diameters) 35% minimum (all sizes) ** GRADE-8 EX CAP SCREW ** eat Treatment A cap screw made from medium carbon alloy steel and heat-treated. as greater tensile strength than a Grade-5. Designed for use in high stress applications. See specifications below for more information on how the Grade-8 eceeds the strength of a Grade-5. Grade-8 cap screws shall be heat-treated, oil-quenched and tempered at a minimum temperature of 800 F. Medium carbon alloy steel. Note: For diameters 1/4 through 7/16 inch, it is permissible to use AISI 1541 steel. Core ardness 1/4 through 1-1/2 in. diameter, all lengths: Rockwell C33 - C39. Surface ardness Proof oad Yield Strength* Elongation* Reduction of Area* 1/4 through 1-1/2 in. diameter, all lengths: Rockwell 30N58.6 maimum. 1/4 through 1-1/2 in. diameter, all lengths: 120,000 psi. 1/4 through 1-1/2 in. diameter, all lengths: 130,000 psi. minimum 1/4 through 1-1/2 in. diameter, all lengths: 150,000 psi. minimum 12% minimum (all diameters) 35% minimum (all sizes) *These properties are tested only on machined specimens when the testing machine cannot provide for full testing of the parts. **Product standards require the manufacturer s head marking to appear on the top of all cap screws 1/4 diameter and larger. X represents one location such a marking may appear. 77

7 ead and Dimensions A325 & A490 Structural Bolts R R F E E G o Y Cut T 30 o Y T Rolled of a structural bolt is measured from the underhead bearing surface to the etreme end of the bolt. Nominal Size or Basic Product STRUCTURA BOTS, A325 & A490 ASME E F G R T Y Body Width Across Flats Width Across Corners ead eight Radius of Fillet Ma Min Basic Ma Min Ma Min Basic Ma Min Ma Min Ref Transition 1/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / Ma, Ref Tolerance on Nominal Screw Nominal Screw Size Through 6 in. Over 6 in. 1/ / /4 through /8 through 1 1/

8 A325 & A490 Structural Bolts Mechanical & Performance Data Bolts & Cap Screws A325 ** ASTM A325 BOTS, Type 1 A325 ** eat Treatment ardness Proof oad Yield Strength A heavy he bolt made of medium carbon steel. The bearing surface shall be flat and washer faced, and the point is chamfered. Commonly used in structural steel joints in heavy construction. Type 1 bolts shall be made from a carbon steel which conforms to the following chemical composition requirements-- Carbon: %; Manganese: 0.57% minimum; Phosphorus: 0.048% maimum; Sulfur: 0.058% maimum Type 1 bolts shall be heat treated by quenching in a liquid medium from above the austenitizing temperature and then tempering by reheating to a temperature of at least 800 F. 1/2" through 1" diameter, inclusive: Rockwell C /8" through 1-1/2" diameter, inclusive: Rockwell C /2" through 1" diameter, inclusive: 85,000 psi. 1-1/8" through 1-1/2" diameter, inclusive: 74,000 psi. 1/2" through 1" diameter, inclusive: 92,000 psi. minimum 1-1/8" through 1-1/2" diameter, inclusive: 81,000 psi. minimum 1/2" through 1" diameter, inclusive: 120,000 psi. minimum 1-1/8" through 1-1/2" diameter, inclusive: 105,000 psi. minimum A490 ** ** ASTM A490 BOTS, Types 1 & 3 Type 1 Type 3 A490 eat Treatment A heavy he bolt made of alloy steel. The bearing surface shall be flat and washer-faced, and the point is chamfered. Used in structural steel joints in heavy construction when greater yield and tensile strengths than those of an A325 bolt are required. A Type 3 bolt is approimately twice as resistant to corrosion as a Type 1 bolt. Type 1 bolts shall be made from an alloy steel which conforms to the following chemical composition requirements-- Carbon: % (for 1-1/2" diameter: %); Phosphorus: 0.045% maimum; Sulfur: 0.045% maimum. Type 3 bolts shall be made from a corrosion resistant steel which conforms to the following chemical composition requirements-- Carbon: %; Manganese: 0.37% minimum; Phosphorus: 0.045% maimum; Sulfur: 0.055% maimum; Copper: 0.63% maimum; Chromium: 0.42% minimum; Nickel: 0.17% minimum; Molybdenum: 0.14% minimum. Type 1 bolts shall be heat treated by quenching in oil from above the transformation temperature. Type 3 bolts shall be quenched in a suitable liquid from above the transformation temperature. Type 1 and Type 3 bolts shall be tempered by reheating to a temperature of at least 800 F. ardness Rockwell C33-38 Proof oad Yield Strength 120,000 psi. 130,000 psi. minimum 150, ,000 psi. **Product standards require the manufacturer s head marking to appear on the top of all cap screws 1/4 diameter and larger. X represents one location such a marking may appear. 79

9 Tension Control Bolts A325 D R I F C A T C E Y T DIMENSIONS OF IG STRENGT TENSION CONTRO BOTS E D R T Y Nominal Bolt Size Body Dia. of Bearing Surface eight Radius of Fillet (Ref) Trans. (Ref) Ma. Min Ma. Min. Basic Ma. Min. Ma. Min Basic Ma. 5/ / / / / / / EAVY EX NUTS USED WIT TENSION CONTRO BOTS Nominal Nut Size F G Width Across Flats Width Across Corners eight F Basic Ma. Min. Ma. Min. Basic Ma. Min. 5/8 1-1/ / G 3/4 1-1/ / /8 1-7/ / / / WASERS USED WIT TENSION CONTRO BOTS Nominal Bolt Size D d t Outside of ole Thickness Nom. Tolerances Nom. Tolerances Ma. Min. 5/8 1-5/16-1/32: + 1/4 11/16-0: + 1/ /4 1-15/32-1/32: + 1/4 13/16-0: + 1/ /8 1-3/4-1/32: + 1/4 15/16-0: + 1/ /32: + 1/4 1-1/8-0: + 1/ t D d 80

10 A325 Tension Control Bolts Bolts & Cap Screws A three piece fastening sustem consisting of: 1) a round-head bolt with a truncated, flat surface area at the top of the bolt, and a 24- sided tip which protrudes from the opposite end. The tip is calibrated to shear off when the proper tension is achieved; 2) a 2 heavy he nut; and 3) a structural flat washer. Commonly used in structural steel joints in heavy construction. as several advantages over traditional structural bolts, including: A) no operator or tool can over torque the fastening, B) the fastening can be visually inspected when the tip is gone, the tension is correct; C) installation is faster, easier and can be done by one person; D) installation process is quiter. Component Bolt Nut Washer eat Treatment ardness Type 1 bolts shall be made from a carbon steel which conforms to the following chemical composition requirements-- Carbon: %; Manganese: 0.60% minimum; Phosphorus: 0.048% maimum; Sulfur: 0.058% maimum Type 1 bolts shall be heat treated by quenching in a liquid medium from above the austenitizing temperature and then tempering by reheating to a temperature of at least 800 F. 5/8" through 1" diameter, inclusive: Rockwell C nuts shall be made from a carbon steel which conforms to the following chemical composition requirements-- Carbon: 0.40% minimum; Manganese: 1.00% maimum; Phosphorus: 0.040% maimum; Sulfur: 0.050% maimum; Silicon: 0.040% maimum 2 nuts shall be heat treated to meet the required mechanical properties. Type 1 washers shall be made from a steel which conforms to the following chemical composition requirements: Phosphorus: 0.050% maimum; Sulfur: 0.060% maimum Washers shall be through hardened. Rockwell C24-38 Rockwell C38-45 Proof oad 5/8" through 1" diameter, inclusive: 85,000 psi. 175,000 psi. - Yield Strength 5/8" through 1" diameter, inclusive: 92,000 psi. minimum 5/8" through 1" diameter, inclusive: 120,000 psi. minimum All components are most commonly used plain, without any secondary finish other than oil. INSTAATION PROCEDURE Place the bolt into the connection with the washer under the nut. Slide the inner socket over the bolt tip and the outer socket over the nut. Press the trigger switch. The outer socket will rotate and tighten the nut until the bolt reaches the required tension. When the proper bolt tension is reached, the tip of the bolt will shear. When the tip of the bolt shears, pull back on the wrench until the outer socket is no longer engaging the nut. Push the ejector lever to discharge the severed bolt tip. 81

11 eavy e Bolts Type A307 Grades A & B R R F E E G o G Cut T o T Rolled UNDERSIDE OF EAD EAVY EX BOTS ASME B Nominal Size or Basic Product E F G R T Body Diam Width Across Flats Width Across Corners ead eight Radius of Fillet for Bolt s 6 in. and shorter Ma Min Basic Ma Min Ma Min Basic Ma Min Ma Min Basic Basic 1/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / Over 6 in. Tolerance on Nominal Screw Size Up to 1 in., incl. Over 1 in. to 2 1/2 in., incl. Nominal Screw Over 2 1/2 in. to 4 in., incl. Over 4 in. to 6 in., incl. onger than 6 in. 1/4 to 3/ /16 and 1/ /16 to 3/ /8 and /8 to 1 1/ Over 1-1/ ardness* Elongation in 2 in. A low carbon steel he bolt with a wider head than that of a standard he bolt. Offers greater wrenching area than standard he machine bolts for use in heavy duty industrial work. Bolts shall be made from a carbon steel which conforms to the following chemical composition requirements-- Grade A-- Phosphorus: 0.06% maimum; Sulfur: 0.15% maimum. Grade B-- Phosphorus: 0.04% maimum; Sulfur: 0.05% maimum Bolts less than 3 times diameter in length: Grade A: Rockwell B69-100; Grade B: Rockwell B69-95; Bolts 3 times diameter and longer: Grade A: Rockwell B100 maimum Grade B: Rockwell B69-95 Grade A: 60,000 psi. minimum; Grade B: 60, ,000 psi. 18% minimum

12 eavy e Cap Screws Bolts & Cap Screws W W F E E G o Nominal Size or Basic Product S Cut EAVY EX CAP SCREWS ASME B E F G W T S Body T Width Across Flats o Width Across Corners ead eight Wrenching eight for Screw s 6 in. and shorter Over 6 in. Transition Ma Min Ma Min Ma Min Ma Min Min Basic Basic Ma 1/ / / / / / / / / / / / S T Rolled UNDERSIDE OF EAD Tolerance on Nominal Screw Size Up to 1 in., incl. Over 1 in. to 2 1/2 in., incl. Nominal Screw Over 2 1/2 in. to 4 in., incl. Over 4 in. to 6 in., incl. onger than 6 in. 1/4 to 3/ /16 and 1/ /16 to 3/ /8 and /8 to 1 1/ A low carbon steel he cap screw with a wider head than that of a standard he cap screw. Offers greater wrenching area than standard he cap screws and more consistent body diameter dimensions than heavy he bolts (the following specifications pertain to Grade-2 heavy he cap screws; performance requirements for grades 5 & 8 are on page 63). Grade-2 heavy he cap screws shall be made from a carbon steel which conforms to the following chemical composition requirements-- Carbon: 0.55% maimum; Phosphorus: 0.048% maimum; Sulfur: 0.058% maimum ardness* Rockwell B ,000 psi. minimum Proof oad Elongation in 2 in. 55,000 psi. 18% minimum 83

13 ot Dip Galvanized e Machine Bolts R R F E E G o G Cut T T Rolled UNDERSIDE OF EAD of a machine bolt is measured from the underhead bearing surface to the etreme end of the bolt. EX MACINE BOTS ASME B E F G R T Nominal Size Or Basic Body Width Across Flats Width Across Corners ead eight Radius of Fillet For Bolt s 6 in. and shorter over 6 in. Ma. Min. Basic Ma. Min. Ma. Min. Basic Ma. Min. Ma. Min. Basic Basic 1/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / Nominal Screw Nominal Screw Size Up to1 in., incl. Over 1 in. to 2-1/2 in., incl. Over 2-1/2 in. to 4 in., incl. Over 4 in. to 6 in., incl. onger than 6 in. Tolerance on 1/4 to 3/ , , , , , /16 and 1/ , , , , , /16 to 3/ , , , , , /8 and , , , ,

14 e Machine Bolts ot Dip Galvanized Bolts & Cap Screws ** A low or medium carbon steel, eternally threaded mechanical device, 1/4 inch in diameter or larger, with a trimmed he head and a hot-dip galvanized coating. A he bolt does not have a washer face on its bearing surface as does a he cap screw, nor does it have a machined point. Its body tolerances are not as close as those of a cap screw. Designed to be used in highly corrosive environments (ie. coastal locales and heavily polluted atmospheres). May be inserted into an oversized hole and should be assembled with a nut. Machine bolts shall be manufactured from steel which conforms to the following chemical composition requirements: Phosphorus: 0.06% maimum; Sulfur: 0.15% maimum. ardness Bolts of a length < 3X nominal diameter: Rockwell B69 - B100. Bolts of a length => 3X nominal diameter: Rockwell B100 maimum. 60,000 psi. minimum. Elongation* 18% minimum (all diameters) *These properties are tested only on machined specimens when the testing machine cannot provide for full testing of the parts. **Product standards require the manufacturer s head marking to appear on the top of all bolts 1/4 diameter and larger. X represents one location such a marking may appear. 85

15 e Tap Bolts Grades 2, 5 & 8 F G Not all Tap Bolts have a washer face. UNDERSIDE OF EAD of a tap bolt is measured from the underhead bearing surface to the etreme end of the bolt. FUY TREADED EX TAP BOTS ASME B Nominal or Basic Product F G Width Across Flats Width Across Corners ead eight Basic Ma. Min. Ma. Min. Basic Ma. Min. 1/4 7/ / /16 1/ / /8 9/ / /16 5/ / /2 3/ / /8 15/ / /4 1-1/ / Nominal Screw Size Up to 1 in., incl. Over 1 in. to 2-1/2 in., incl. Nominal Size Over 2-1/2 in. to 4 in., incl. Over 4 in. to 6 in., incl. Tolerance on 1/4 to 3/ /16 and 1/ /16 to 3/

16 Grades 2, 5 & 8 e Tap Bolts Bolts & Cap Screws Grade-2 Grade-5 Grade-8 eadmark eadmark eadmark ** ** ** eat Treatment Core ardness Surface ardness Proof oad Yield Strength* Elongation* Reduction of Area* Grade-2 Tap Bolt: A low carbon, he head bolt with a machined point which is threaded to the head. Grade-5 Tap Bolt: A tap bolt made from medium carbon steel. Grade-8 Tap Bolt: A tap bolt made from medium carbon alloy steel and heat-treated. Grade-2 Tap Bolt: To be used in drilled and tapped holes which are threaded full length. Used instead of a stud and a nut. Grade-5 Tap Bolt: Used to mount motors to machinery; also popular in automotive and truck repair. Grade-8 Tap Bolt: Used in automotive and fleet industries where greater tensile strength is required than can be met by a grade-5. Grade-2 Tap Bolt: AISI or equivalent steel. Grade-5 Tap Bolt: AISI or equivalent medium carbon steel. Use of an alloy such as 4037 modified steel is also acceptable. Grade-8 Tap Bolt: Medium carbon alloy steel. Note: For diameters 1/4 through 7/16 inch, it is permissible to use AISI 1541 steel. Grade-5 Tap Bolt: Bolts shall be heat treated, oil or water quenched, at the option of the manufacturer, and tempered at a minimum tempering temperature of 800 F. Grade-8 Tap Bolt: Bolts shall be heat treated, oil quenched and tempered at a minimum tempering temperature of 800 F. Grade-2 Tap Bolt: Rockwell B80 - B100 Grade-5 Tap Bolt: Rockwell C25 - C34 Grade-8 Tap Bolt: Rockwell C33 - C39 Grade-5 Tap Bolt: Rockwell 30N54 maimum Grade-8 Tap Bolt: Rockwell 30N58.6 maimum Grade-2 Tap Bolt: 55,000 psi. Grade-5 Tap Bolt: 85,000 psi. Grade-8 Tap Bolt: 120,000 psi. Grade-2 Tap Bolt: 57,000 psi. minimum Grade-5 Tap Bolt: 92,000 psi. minimum Grade-8 Tap Bolt: 130,000 psi. minimum Grade-2 Tap Bolt: 74,000 psi. minimum Grade-5 Tap Bolt: 120,000 psi. minimum Grade-8 Tap Bolt: 150,000 psi. minimum Grade-2 Tap Bolt: 18% minimum Grade-5 Tap Bolt: 14% minimum Grade-8 Tap Bolt: 12% minimum Grades-2, 5 & 8 Tap Bolts: 35% minimum (all sizes) *These properties are tested only on machined specimens when the testing machine cannot provide for full testing of the parts. **Product standards require the manufacturer s head marking to appear on the top of all bolts 1/4 diameter and larger. X represents one location such a marking may appear. 87

17 P Carriage Bolts, Square Neck O ow Carbon & ot-dip Galvanized E A CARRIAGE BOTS -SQUARE NECK ASME B E A O P Basic Bolt Body ead ead eight Square Width Square Depth Ma Min Ma Min Ma Min Ma Min Ma Min / / / / / / / Tolerance on Nominal Bolt Size No. 8 thru 3/8 7/16 and 1/2 9/16 thru 3/4 Up to 1 in., incl Over 1 in. to 2-1/2 in., incl Nominal Bolt Over 2-1/2 in. to 4 in., incl of a carriage bolt is measured from the underhead bearing surface to the etreme end of the bolt. ASME B does not specify dimensions for the #8 diameter. Data listed for this size is independent of the ASME specification. Over 4 in. to 6 in., incl OW CARBON & OT-DIP GAVANIZED CARRIAGE BOT Over 6 in ** Core ardness Proof oad Yield Strength* Elongation* Reduction of Area* Minimum ow Carbon Steel Carriage: Round head bolt with a square neck under the head, and a unified thread pitch. Made from low or medium carbon steel. ot-dip Galvanized Steel Carriage: Carriage bolt made from low or medium carbon steel with a galvanic zinc finish applied. ow Carbon Steel Carriage: The square neck is designed to keep the bolt from turning as a nut is tightened. ot-dip Galvanized Steel Carriage: Same design advantages as a low carbon carriage bolt but with a thicker protective coating for outdoor use. Often used in outdoor furniture. ow Carbon Steel & ot-dip Galvanized Steel Carriage: AISI or equivalent steel. ow Carbon Steel & ot-dip Galvanized Steel Carriage: Rockwell B70 - B100 ow Carbon Steel Carriage: 33,000 psi. ow Carbon Steel Carriage: 36,000 psi. minimum ow Carbon Steel Carriage: 60,000 psi. minimum ow Carbon Steel Carriage: 18% minimum ow Carbon Steel Carriage: 35% minimum (all sizes) The minimum length of thread shall be equal to twice the basic bolt diameter plus 0.25 in. for bolts 6 in. or shorter, and twice the diameter plus 0.50 in. for bolts longer than 6 in.. See Appendi-A for information on the plating of steel carriage bolts. *These properties are tested only on machined specimens when the testing machine cannot provide for full testing of the parts. **Product standards require the manufacturer s head marking to appear on the top of all bolts 1/4 diameter and larger. X represents one location such a marking may appear. 88

18 Grade-5 & 18-8 Stainless Carriage Bolts, Square Neck Bolts & Cap Screws NOTE: Dimensions for Grade-5 & 18-8 Stainless Steel Carriage Bolts are listed on page 88. GRADE-5 CARRIAGE BOT ** eat Treatment Core ardness Surface ardness Proof oad Yield Strength* Elongation* Reduction of Area* Minimum Carriage bolt made from medium carbon steel. Same design advantages as a low carbon carriage bolt but with significantly greater load carrying capacity. AISI or equivalent steel. Bolts shall be heat-treated, oil or water-quenched, at the option of the manufacturer, and tempered at a minimum temperature of 800 F. 1/4 through 1 in. diameters: Rockwell C25 - C34 1/4 through 1 in. diameters: Rockwell 30N54 maimum 1/4 through 1 in. diameters: 85,000 psi. 1/4 through 1 in. diameters: 92,000 psi. minimum 1/4 through 1 in. diameters: 120,000 psi. minimum 14% minimum 35% minimum (all sizes) The minimum length of thread shall be equal to twice the basic bolt diameter plus 0.25 in. for bolts 6 in. or shorter, and twice the diameter plus 0.50 in. for bolts longer than 6 in.. See Appendi-A for information on the plating of steel carriage bolts. CARRIAGE BOT -- STAINESS STEE, 18-8 F5 9 3-C ** eat Treatment Round head bolt with a square neck under the head, and a unified thread pitch, made from austenitic alloy stainless steel. Same design advantages as a low carbon carriage bolt but for use in environments which require general atmospheric corrosion resistance stainless steel carriage bolts are made from one of the following austenitic alloys: 302 Q, 303, 303Se, 304, XM7, all of which are characterized as having a chromium content of 17-19% and nickel content of 8-10%. The austenitic alloys develop their strength through work hardening during the fastener manufacturing process, as seen from the hardness properties below. The only heat treatment normally available on austenitic stainless alloys is annealing, which is done at approimately 1900 F to a dead soft condition and is not normally thermally reversible. ardness 1/4 through 1/2 in. diameter: Rockwell B95 - C32. Yield Strength Elongation in 4D Minimum 1/4 through 1/2 in. diameter, 2.25D and longer: 65,000 psi. minimum 1/4 through 1/2 in. diameter, 2.25D and longer: 100, ,000 psi. minimum 1/4 through 1/2 in. diameter: 20% minimum The minimum length of thread shall be equal to twice the basic bolt diameter plus 0.25 in. for bolts 6 in. or shorter. *These properties are tested only on machined specimens when the testing machine cannot provide for full testing of the parts. **Product standards require the manufacturer s head marking to appear on the top of all bolts 1/4 diameter and larger. X represents one location such a marking may appear. 89

19 Carriage Bolts Short Neck N R S B o 15 Ma W C CARRIAGE BOTS, SORT NECK ANSI/ASME B18.5 Nominal Size or Basic Bolt B W S N C R Body ead ead eight Square Width Square Depth Corner Radius on Square Fillet Radius Ma Min Ma MIn Ma Min Ma Min Ma Min Ma Ma 1/ / / / / / / Tolerance on Nominal Bolt Size Up to 1 in., incl. Over 1 in. to 2 1/2 in., incl. Nominal Screw Over 2 1/2 in. to 4 in., incl. Over 4 in. to 6 in., incl. Over 6 in. No. 10 thru 3/ /16 and 1/ /16 thru 3/ /8 and /8 thru 1-1/ of a carriage bolt is measured from the underhead bearing surface to the etreme end of the bolt. 90 A round head bolt with a short, square shoulder under the head, and a unified thread pitch. The bolt is made from low or medium carbon steel. Carriage bolts are designed to keep the bolt from turning when a nut is being tightened. The short neck variety is used in sheet metal where a standard sized neck would create an obstruction. AISI or equivalent steel ardness Rockwell B Proof oad Yield Strength Elongation Reduction of Area Minimum 33,000 psi. 60,000 psi. minimum 36,000 psi. minimum 18% minimum 35% minimum The minimum length of thread shall be equal to twice the basic bolt diameter plus 0.25 in. for bolts 6 in. or shorter, and twice the diameter plus 0.50 in. for bolts longer than 6 in..

20 Ribbed Neck Carriage Bolts Bolts & Cap Screws M D 90 o Appro B V Nominal Size or Basic Bolt R CARRIAGE BOTS, RIBBED NECK B W M Body ead ead eight ead to Ribs For s of 7/8 and Shorter 1 in. and onger Number of Ribs W ASME B V D R Over Ribs 7/8 and Shorter Depth Over Ribs For s of 1 in. and 1-1/8 1-1/4 and onger Fillet Radius Ma Min Ma Min Ma Min * Appro Min Ma No / / / / / / / Tolerance on Nominal Screw Size Up to 1 in., incl. Over 1 in. to 2 1/2 in., incl. Nominal Screw Over 2 1/2 in. to 4 in., incl. of a carriage bolt is measured from the underhead bearing surface to the etreme end of the bolt. *Tolerance on #10 through 1/2 sizes for nominal lengths of 7/8 and shorter shall be and Over 4 in. to 6 in., incl. Over 6 in. No. 10 thru 3/ /16 and 1/ /16 thru 3/ /8 and /8 thru 1-1/ A round head bolt with a ribbed or serrated shoulder made from low carbon steel. For use in soft, ductile metals, wood and plastics to keep the bolt from turning when nut is being tightened. Bolts shall be made from a carbon steel which conforms to the following chemical composition requirements-- Carbon: 0.55% maimum; Phosphorus: 0.048% maimum; Sulfur: 0.058% maimum ardness Rockwell B Yield Strength Elongation Reduction of Area 60,000 psi. minimum 36,000 psi. minimum 18% minimum 35% minimum 91

21 Carriage Bolts Fin Neck F T A D R W CARRIAGE BOTS, FIN NECK ASME B Nominal Size or Basic Bolt D W T A F R Body ead ead eight Fin Thickness Distance Across Fins Fin Depth Fillet Radius Ma Min Ma Min Ma Min Ma Min Ma Min Ma Min Ma Min / / / / / Tolerance on Nominal Bolt Size Up to 1 in., incl. Over 1 in. to 2 1/2 in., incl. Nominal Screw Over 2 1/2 in. to 4 in., incl. Over 4 in. to 6 in., incl. Over 6 in. #10 thru 3/ /16 and 1/ A round head bolt with a flat bearing surface which intersects with the shank at a 90 angle. Where the bearing surface and shank meet are two fins, 180 opposite each othe. The bolt is made from low carbon steel. Primarily used in thin plywood to keep the bolt from turning when nut is being tightened. Bolts shall be made from a carbon steel which conforms to the following chemical composition requirements-- Carbon: 0.55% maimum; Phosphorus: 0.060% maimum; Sulfur: 0.150% maimum ardness Rockwell B Yield Strength Elongation Reduction of Area 60,000 psi. minimum 36,000 psi. minimum 18% minimum 35% minimum 92

22 Step Bolts Bolts & Cap Screws O P E A of a step bolt is measured from the underhead bearing surface to the etreme end of the bolt. STEP BOTS ANSI/ASME B18.5 E A O P Nominal Size Body ead ead eight Square Width Square Depth Ma. Min. Ma. Min, Ma. Min. Ma. Min. Ma. Min / / / Nominal Bolt Tolerance on Nominal Bolt Size Up to 1 in., incl. Over 1 in. to 2-1/2 in., incl. Over 2-1/2 in. to 4 in., incl. No. 10 thru 3/ , , , ardness Proof oad Yield Strength Elongation Reduction of Area Minimum Similar to a carriage bolt in bearing surface and square-neck design, but with a wider, lower-profile, round head. Preferred for use where wood is bolted down as decking--the larger diameter head of the step bolt will not pull through the soft wood. Smooth, low, rounded head permits unrestricted movement over the surface. AISI or equivalent steel. No. 10 through 3/8 in. diameter, all lengths: Rockwell B70 - B100 No. 10 through 3/8 in. diameter, all lengths: 33,000 psi. No. 10 through 3/8 in. diameter, all lengths: 36,000 psi. minimum No. 10 through 3/8 in. diameter, all lengths: 54,000 psi. minimum 18% minimum (all sizes) 35% minimum (all sizes) The minimum length of thread shall be equal to twice the basic bolt diameter plus 0.25 in.. 93

23 W Serrated e Washer Flange Screws F of a serrated flange screw is measured from the bottom of the serrations to the etreme end of the screw. SERRATED EX WASER EAD FANGE SCREWS Size ( & Pitch) W F Width Across Flats Thickness Flange Ma Min Ma Min Ma Min & /4-20 & 1/ /16-18 & 5/ /8-16 & 3/ / /2-13 & 1/ / / Tolerance on (ASME B & ASME B18.6.3) Nominal Screw Size Up to 1/2 in., incl. Over 1/2 in. to 1 in., incl. Nominal Screw Over 1 in. to 2 in., incl. Over 2 in. to 4 in., incl. Over 4 in. to 6 in., incl. No. 4 thru /4 thru 3/ /16 thru 1/ /16 thru 3/ eat Treatment Surface ardness Core ardness Proof oad An unslotted he-washer machine screw, but with a thicker flange and serrations on the bearing surface side. Designed for use in applications where loosening forces are present, such as vibration. The serrations grip to the bearing surface so that significantly more torque is needed to loosen than to tighten the screw. Flange provides more strength than a standard machine screw. Eliminates need for a lockwasher or locknut. AISI C1022 steel. Serrated flange screws shall be heat treated, quenched and tempered at a minimum temperature of 650 F. No. 6 through 3/4 in. diameter, all lengths: Rockwell 30N57.5 maimum No. 6 through 3/4 in. diameter, all lengths: Rockwell C25 - C38 No. 6 through 3/4 in. diameter, all lengths: 85,000 psi. No. 6 through 3/4 in. diameter, all lengths: 120,000 psi. minimum 94

24 Grade 8 e Washer Frame Bolts Bolts & Cap Screws D U E T B G F ** of a frame bolt is measured from the underhead bearing surface to the etreme end of the screw. FRAME BOTS GRADE 8 AOY IFI 111 & SAE J429 Nominal Size E F G B U D T Body Width Across Flats Width Across Corners Flange Diam. Flange Thickness ead eight e eight Ma Min Basic Ma Min Ma Min Ma Min Ma Min Basic Tensile Strength, bs. Proof oad, bs. 1/ / ,750 3,800 5/ / ,850 6,300 3/ / ,600 9,300 7/ / ,900 12,800 1/ / ,300 17,000 5/ / ,900 27,100 3/ / ,100 40,100 Tolerance on Nominal Bolt Size Up to 1 in., incl. Nominal Bolt Over 1 in. to 2-1/2 in., incl. Over 2-1/2 in. to 4 in., incl. 1/4 to 3/ /16 and 1/ /8 and 3/ A one-piece he-washer head bolt with a flat bearing surface, made of high-alloy steel. eat Treatment Core ardness Surface ardness Proof oad Yield Strength Coating For use on truck frames. The flange eliminates washers and helps compensate for a misaligned hole. Used with a Grade-Gt lock nut, the bolt system resists bolt slippage by distributing the clamp load over a wide area. AISI or equivalent alloy steel Grade-8 frame bolts shall be heat-treated, oil-quenched and tempered at a minimum temperature of 800 F. Rockwell C33 - C39 Rockwell 30N58.6 maimum 120,000 psi. 130,000 psi. minimum 150,000 psi. minimum See Appendi-A for information on the plating of frame bolts. **Product standards require the manufacturer s head marking to appear on the top of all bolts 1/4 diameter and larger. X represents one location such a marking may appear. 95