Install postfix on Debian Wheezy Linux / Postfix mail server with Dovecot and MySQL user storage on Debian Wheezy 7 Linux

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1 Install postfix on Debian Wheezy Linux / Postfix mail server with Dovecot and MySQL user storage on Debian Wheezy 7 Linux Author : admin I have recently installed Postfix on a server following WorkAround.org ISPMail Tutorial on Debian Wheezy Linux 7. Officially as you can see on their website there is no official guide still for Debian Wheezy yet. Therefore my only option was to follow ISPMail tutorial using Postfix 2.7 (Debian Squeeze). It was quite a struggle to adapt tutorial for Squeeze deb to Wheezy and it took me an overall time of about of week (each day spending few hours trying to make various components of tutorial) work. But finally I managed to install it. This is how this article got born in hope that in future it will help others have a decent Postfix install on Wheezy.. For those unfamiliar with Workaround.org's ISPMail Postfix Tutorial it is pretty much standard step-bystep installation guide for dummies similar to QmailRocks.org or Thibs QmailRocks Updated Installation Guide. In Other words Workaround.org is probably the best Postfix full featured install tutorial currently online as of time of writting this post. Workaround.org is great for people who want to run full featured; Postfix SMTP configured to support; Postfix to support Mail Virtual Domains (store s in MySQL database) Dovecot Secure IMAP / IMAPS / POP3 / POP3s server to offer Pop3 and Imap remote access Support Properly Generated SSL Certificates for POP3s and IMAPs 1 / 12

2 Anti Spam - SMTPD restrictions, SPF, RBL, Greylisting Install web frontend to support Web Domaim / Accounts easy administrations for users stored in MySQL db Amavisd-New (to protect Mail server from Spam) Postfix WebMail frontend with Roundcube or Squirrelmail Here is the big picture as it gives good idea on how all above components correspond to each other: So here we go: 1. Install Postfix necessary debian packages a) Install Postfix / MySQL / phpmyadmin and Postfix support for MySQL mail storage deb packs 2 / 12

3 apt-get update apt-get upgrade apt-get install --yes ssh apt-get install --yes postfix postfix-mysql apt-get --purge remove 'exim4*' apt-get install --yes mysql-client mysql-server dovecot-common dovecot-imapd dovecot-pop3d postfix libsasl2-2 libsasl2-modules libsasl2-modules-sql sasl2-bin libpam-mysql openssl telnet mailutils apt-get install --yes mysql-server phpmyadmin b) Install deb packages for Dovecot and Imap Support as well as Roundcube and / or Squirrelmail for Webmail support squirrelmail apt-get install --yes dovecot-pop3d dovecot-imapd dovecot-lmtpd c) Install packages deb packages for Anti-spam greylisting (tumgreyspf) 3 / 12

4 apt-get install --yes tumgreyspf 2. Create necessary MySQL database structures Next step is toconnect to MySQL as root via MySQL CLI or PhpMyadmin and CREATE new user "mailuser" and new database "mailserver", then create basic structure for "mailserver" database - i.e. sql tables ("virtual_domains", virtual_users", virtual_aliases") These user and database is used laters by Dovecot server to connect and fetch s from MySQL on user request via POP3 or IMAP. I've taken all the SQL requests and from Workaround.org's site and placed them in one SQL file: create-postfix-mysql-user-database.sql. Below is mysql cli query to import it. If you prefer more user friendliness do it via PhpMyAdmin with a copy / paste from file or with PhpMyAdmin import... wget -q mysql -u root -p Link to create-postfix-mysql-user-database.sql is here 3. Setting up Dovecot required users and directories 4 / 12

5 Next its necessary configure some users and create directories where Dovecot will store its configuration files. Dovecot requires to create its custom files for each existing users in MySQL database. Therefore whenever user receives or sends or is simply created Dovecot also creates a user directory structure in /var/vmail/, for exmpl.: # ls -al /var/vmail/mail-domain.org/test/mail/ total 20 drwx vmail vmail 4096 jul 29 09:15. drwx vmail vmail 4096 jul 29 07:20.. drwx vmail vmail 4096 jul 29 09:15.imap drwx vmail vmail 4096 jul 29 09:15 INBOX -rw vmail vmail 24 jul 29 09:15.subscriptions The functions of Dovecot server again are: 5 / 12

6 Get s from Postfix (MySQL database) and save them to disk Allow mail users to fetch s using POP3 or IMAP protocol with Outlook / Thunderbird whatever pop3 client groupadd -g 5000 vmail useradd -g vmail -u 5000 vmail -d /var/vmail -m chown -R vmail:vmail /var/vmail chmod u+w /var/vmail chgrp vmail /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf chmod g+r /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf chown root:root /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf chmod go= /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf 4. Create self-signed SSL certificate for Postfix mail and Dovecot pop3 server 6 / 12

7 openssl req -new -x509 -days nodes -out /etc/ssl/certs/dovecot.pem -keyout /etc/ssl/private/dovecot.pem chmod o= /etc/ssl/private/dovecot.pem /etc/init.d/dovecot restart openssl req -new -x509 -days nodes -out /etc/ssl/certs/postfix.pem -keyout /etc/ssl/private/postfix.pem chmod o= /etc/ssl/private/postfix.pem 5. Configuring Amavis (Anti Virus frontend) with Clamav AV To reduce viruses it is a must nowadays to install Antivirus in Qmail I used qmail-scanner (perl script) frontend to Clamav Antivirus to check for Viruses and some messed up s. In Postfix just like in Sendmail, tool that does the same is amavisd-new. There are some configuration files to do, but as its time consuming to do changes one by one I prefer moving old /etc/amavis/ to /etc/amavis-bak/ and download and untar archive with already set proper configs apt-get install --yes amavisd-new useradd clamav -g amavis mv /etc/amavis /etc/amavis-old 7 / 12

8 cd /etc/ wget tar -zxvvf amavis-config-debian-wheezy-7.tar.gz /etc/init.d/amavis start Starting amavisd: amavisd-new. Amavisd is meant to communicate in two port numbers with Postfix. Postfix passes Input in one (10024) and Output - Scanned File Status in (10025). Thus for normal amavis operation this two ports has to be showing as listening on localhost, e.g.: netstat -nap grep -E ' ' tcp : :* LISTEN 13957/amavisd-new ( tcp : :* LISTEN 9007/master 6. Placing Dovecot working (properly configured) config files for Debian Wheezy 8 / 12

9 On Workaround.org there are plenty of configurations to copy paste inside files and how it is explained is a bit complicated thus played a lot mainly with /etc/postfix/master.cf and /etc/postfix/main.cf configurations until I finally had a working version of (SMTP) configured not to be an open relay and receive / sent OK... Here are configurations that worked for me: mv /etc/postfix /etc/postfix-old cd /etc/ wget -q tar -zxvvf postfix-configs-debian-wheezy.tar.gz [ ok ] Stopping Postfix Mail Transport Agent: postfix. [ ok ] Starting Postfix Mail Transport Agent: postfix. To download my good postfixs-debian-wheezy.tar.gz look here 9 / 12

10 Afterwards only setting you have to change in /etc/postfix/main.cf is: myhostname = exampl .org to your Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN), lets say pc-freak.net myhostname = pc-freak.net I find it also useful to remove from SMTP after connect banner reporting that Postfix is running on Debian in main.cf change: smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Debian/GNU) to smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name 10 / 12

11 7. Placing Dovecot working config files in /etc/ Configuring Dovecot is not an easy task in Debian Linux Squeeze and Lenny, on Postfix ISPMail guide there is a special tutorial for each as there is none yet for Debian Wheezy. It took me long to figure it out how to translate from old config settings for Wheezy's Dovecot Configuration files places has changed for some clarity in Dovecot So many of the Workaround.rog's Squeeze Tutorial suggested changes in /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf are to be made in files under /etc/dovecot/conf.d Therefore quickest way to have working Dovecot is to move default config dir /etc/dovecot to /etc/dovecot-old and place tuned configs: cd /etc/ wget -q tar -zxvvf dovecot-configs-debian-wheezy.tar.gz chown -R vmail:dovecot /etc/dovecot /etc/init.d/dovecot restart quit Connection closed. 11 / 12

12 Powered by TCPDF ( Walking in Light with Christ - Faith, Computing, Diary Well this is the end my friend :) You should now have a properly running Postfix + Dovecot + Virtual Domains in SQL. Please drop me a thank you comment if it worked for you. If it doesn't drop a comment so I can integrate it and improve this tutorial. Happy Hacking ;) 12 / 12