Big Data Technologies. Prof. Dr. Uta Störl Hochschule Darmstadt Fachbereich Informatik Sommersemester 2016
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1 Big Data Technologies Prof. Dr. Uta Störl Hochschule Darmstadt Fachbereich Informatik Sommersemester 2016
2 Situation: Bigger and Bigger Volumes of Data Big Data Use Cases Log Analytics (Web Logs, Sensor Logs, Event Logs etc.) RFID Tracking and Analytics Fraud and Risk Management Churn Management Gaming Data Streaming Data Social Network Data Volumes of Data Eric Schmidt (Google CEO, 2010): 5 exabytes of information created between the dawn of civilization through 2003 now created every 2 days, and the pace is increasing. h_da Prof. Dr. Uta Störl Big Data Technologies: Introduction - SoSe
3 Characteristics of Big Data Source: L. Haas, IBM h_da Prof. Dr. Uta Störl Big Data Technologies: Introduction - SoSe
4 Emerging Technologies Hype Cycle 2013 Source: Gartner, July 2013 h_da Prof. Dr. Uta Störl Big Data Technologies: Introduction - SoSe
5 Emerging Technologies Hype Cycle 2014 Source: Gartner, August 2014 h_da Prof. Dr. Uta Störl Big Data Technologies: Introduction - SoSe
6 Emerging Technologies Hype Cycle 2015 Source: Gartner, August 2015 h_da Prof. Dr. Uta Störl Big Data Technologies: Introduction - SoSe
7 Scale up vs. Scale out Scale up: big single node system Scale out: many small nodes Source: ibm.com Source: eggmusic.com h_da Prof. Dr. Uta Störl Big Data Technologies: Introduction - SoSe
8 Scale up vs. Scale out Scale up (scale vertically) Advantages: Transparent for database system Management complexity constant Disadvantages: Expensive hardware Limited scalability Scale out (scale horizontally) Advantages: Less expensive hardware High scalability Disadvantages: Load balancing necessary Data distribution necessary Increased error rate Increased management complexity Distributed lock and replication protocols h_da Prof. Dr. Uta Störl Big Data Technologies: Introduction - SoSe
9 NoSQL Database Systems: Idea Need for databases being distributed and horizontally scalable. NoSQL Definition: Next Generation Databases mostly addressing some of the points: being non-relational, distributed, open-source and horizontally scalable. The original intention has been modern web-scale databases. The movement began early 2009 and is growing rapidly. Often more characteristics apply such as: schema-free, easy replication support, simple API, eventually consistent / BASE (not ACID), a huge amount of data and more. So the misleading term "nosql" (the community now translates it mostly with "not only sql") should be seen as an alias to something like the definition above. Source: S. Edlich, nosql-database.org Detailed discussion in chapter NoSQL Database Systems h_da Prof. Dr. Uta Störl Big Data Technologies: Introduction - SoSe
10 NoSQL Database Systems: Classification 1(2) Key-Value Database Systems Key-value pairs Systems: Redis, Memcached, Amazon DynamoDB, Redis, Oracle Berkeley DB, key key key key key value value value value value Document Store Database Systems Key-value pairs with documents as value Document format: JSON, BSON Systems: MongoDB, Couchbase, CouchDB, { } "id": 1, "name": football boot", "price": 199, "stock": { "warehouse": 120, "retail": 10 } h_da Prof. Dr. Uta Störl Big Data Technologies: Introduction - SoSe
11 NoSQL Database Systems: Classification 2(2) Column Familiy Database Systems (Wide Column Stores) Data loosely structured by column families and columns Systems: Cassandra, HBase, Google Bigtable (Cloud Bigtable), Row Key Time Stamp ColumnFamily contents: ColumnFamily anchor "com.cnn.www" t9 anchor:cnnsi.com "CNN" (Graph Database Systems) Graph structures with nodes, edges, and properties Systems: Neo4J, Infinite Graph OrientDB (Multi-Model) t8 anchor:my.look.ch "CNN.com" t6 t5 "<html> " "<html> " Source: h_da Prof. Dr. Uta Störl Big Data Technologies: Introduction - SoSe
12 NoSQL Database Systems: Topics of Interest Categorization Data Modeling Application Development Scalability, Availability and Consistency Select the Right DBMS h_da Prof. Dr. Uta Störl Big Data Technologies: Introduction - SoSe
13 Big Data: Other Approaches Will everything be NoSQL in the future? Definitely not! h_da Prof. Dr. Uta Störl Big Data Technologies: Introduction - SoSe
14 Column Store Database Systems: Idea Goal: Reduce the number of disc access / amount of data to read + easy to insert/update a record + only need to read in relevant data might read in unnecessary data + higher compression ratio insert/update require multiple accesses expensive reads on entire records suitable for read-mostly, read-intensive, large data repositories (OLAP) Source: Harizopoulos/Abadi/Boncz: VLDB2009 h_da Prof. Dr. Uta Störl Big Data Technologies: Introduction - SoSe
15 Storage Layout Column Store Database Systems: Topics of Interest Columnar Storage Compression Execution Engine Operating on columns (insert / update / read) Operating on compressed data (early vs. late materialization) h_da Prof. Dr. Uta Störl Big Data Technologies: Introduction - SoSe
16 In-Memory Database Systems: Idea Traditionell OLTP & OLAP OLTP ETL OLAP Vision: Information in Real Time: Anything, Anytime, Anywhere OLTP & Real Time OLAP Hardware Trends Steadily declining memory price Many-core processor In-Memory Database Management Systems h_da Prof. Dr. Uta Störl Big Data Technologies: Introduction - SoSe
17 In-Memory Database Systems: Topics of Interest In-Memory DBMS Disk-Based DBMS + Tons of Memory Architecture and Implementation Storage Layout: Row, Column, Hybrid? Persistence Design of operations Application Development h_da Prof. Dr. Uta Störl Big Data Technologies: Introduction - SoSe
18 Emerging Technologies Hype Cycle 2014 Source: Gartner, August 2014 h_da Prof. Dr. Uta Störl Big Data Technologies: Introduction - SoSe
19 Course Goals Introduction to the big data technology landscape NoSQL database systems (distributed and horizontally scalable non-relational database systems) Column store database systems In-memory database systems Graph database systems h_da Prof. Dr. Uta Störl Big Data Technologies: Introduction - SoSe
20 Literature Tiwari, S. Professional NoSQL, Wiley, 2011 Sadalage, P. J., Fowler, M. NoSQL Distilled: A Brief Guide to the Emerging World of Polyglot Persistence, Addison Wesley, 2012 Edlich, S., Friedland, A., Hampe, J., Brauer, B., Brückner, M. NoSQL Einstieg in die Welt nichtrelationaler Web 2.0 Datenbanken, Carl Hanser Verlag, 2011 (2 nd ed.) Kudraß, Th. (Ed.), Taschenbuch Datenbanken, Störl, U.: Kap. 12 NoSQL- Datenbanksysteme, Ritter, N.: Kap. 13 Verteilte und föderierte Datenbanksysteme, Carl Hanser Verlag, 2015 (2 nd ed.) Abadi, D., Boncz, P., Harizopoulus, S, Idreos, S., Madden, S. The design and implementation of modern column-oriented database, Transatlantic Publishers, 2013 Harizopoulus, S., Abadi, D., Boncz, P. Column-Oriented Database Systems, VLDB Tutorial, Plattner, H., Zeier, A. In-memory data management: technology and applications, Springer Verlag, 2012 (2 nd ed.) h_da Prof. Dr. Uta Störl Big Data Technologies: Introduction - SoSe
21 Big Data Technologies Introduction NoSQL Database Systems Column Store Database Systems In-Memory Database Systems Graph Database Systems Conclusion & Outlook h_da Prof. Dr. Uta Störl Big Data Technologies: Introduction - SoSe
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