Colouring book of Poland - legends and historical facts

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Jerome Cox
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1 Colouring book of Poland - legends and historical facts This booklet has been created by teachers and students from Primary School nr 112 in Warsaw during the Erasmus+ project: Maths is everywhere mathematical journey through Europe This project has been funded with support from the European Comission. The contents are provided directly by beneficiaries and reflect the views only of their authors. The European Commission and the National Agencies cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein, particularly regarding its accuracy and its respect to copyright.

Comission. The contents are provided directly by beneficiaries and reflect the views only of their authors.

2 Part I Legends 1

3 Lech, Czech and Rus A long time ago, three bothers called Lech, Czech and Rus, ruled a big country together. There was less and less food and the brothers decided to find another place to settle and live. They travelled through mountains and forests when they reached a steppe. Rus really liked it and he wanted to stay there and start a new life there. The other two brothers went on and after some time they reached a fertile river valley where Czech decided to stay. Lech, together with his people, reached a great forest. He ordered to set up a camp and went up a hill to see the area around. Suddenly, he heard an eagle and he saw the royal bird s nest. In that moment, he decided to settle there. He called his town, Gniezno, and the eagle became the emblem of his country. 2

Rus really liked it and he wanted to stay there and start a new life there. The other two brothers went on and after some time they reached a fertile river valley where Czech decided to stay.

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5 The Wawel Dragon Once upon a time, there was a town located on Wawel Hill, ruled by a wise king, Krak. People lived happily there until one day On that day, a monster as large as a church bell came and settled by the Wawel. Soon after this arrival, animals began to disappear. Then, two shepherds disappeared and people decided to go to king Krak and ask for help. Krak told them that he will give half of his treasure and marriage to his daughter to a person who will defeat the dragon. Many tried but they were killed by the monster. One day, a poor shoemaker called Dratewka came up with a clever idea of how to eliminate the dragon. He took a skin of a big sheep and stuffed it with sulfur. He gave this snack to the dragon that ate it. Then, it felt very thirsty. It drank and drank endlessly and then it burst with a loud bang. 4

Then, two shepherds disappeared and people decided to go to king Krak and ask for help.

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8 Warsaw mermaid A long time ago, a beautiful mermaid lived in the sea. She had a wonderful voice. The mermaid often swam up to a small town called Warsaw. One day, a mean merchant came to the village and wanted to catch the mermaid and show her on fairs. He gave money to some fisherman and told them to catch the mermaid and carry her to a young fisherman s home. He was supposed to watch her till the morning. The young fisherman really liked the mermaid, and when she started singing, he just let her go. She went quickly toward the Vistula river, stood at its bank and told the people that she would hide in the river for her own safety, but she would defend them if necessary. From then on, the mermaid became the patron of the town. Nowadays, you can see her on the coat of arms of Warsaw. 7

He gave money to some fisherman and told them to catch the mermaid and carry her to a young fisherman s home. He was supposed to watch her till the morning.

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11 The Basilisk A long time ago, a monster called the Basilisk lived in the old town of Warsaw. It was huge and its body was covered with scales. It also had bat wings, crocodile tail and claws at the ends of its paws. The monster slept during the day and came out of its hole at night in order to destroy the town. A few brave men tried to kill the Basilisk, but the monster killed all of them by looking at them. After some time, people came up with an idea that the monster may be killed with a help of a mirror. One brave man took a mirror and went into the Basilik s hole. The man stood behind the mirror and when the monster looked in it, it turned into stone. From then on, the people of the town lived happily. 10

A few brave men tried to kill the Basilisk, but the monster killed all of them by looking at them.

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14 The Golden Duck A long, long time ago in Warsaw lived the poor man. His name was Jakub. One day in the cellars of Ostrogski Castle Jakub met a golden duck. The duck promised him riches. It was only one condition: Jakub had to spend coins given by the duck within one day. He was not allowed to share his riches with anyone. The man was very happy. He bought a lot of things. But in the evening Jakub broke the condition: he gave the last coin to a poor man. Then he lost everything he had purchased with the gold coins. Jakub realised that money does not make you happy. He found a good job and a beautiful wife. And his life was very successful. 13

He was not allowed to share his riches with anyone. The man was very happy. He bought a lot of things.

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17 Part II Historical facts 16

18 Battle of Grunwald The battle of Grunwald was one of the greatest battles in Polish medieval history. It was fought on Grunwald fields on 15 th July It took place during the great war between the Teutonic knights and the united forces of Poland and Lithuania. The teutonic knights were led by the Grand Master Urlich von Jungingen. The Polish and Lithuanian union, led by the king of Poland, Władysław II Jagiełło, won this great battle. 17

It took place during the great war between the Teutonic knights and the united forces of Poland and Lithuania.

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20 The Constitution of May 3 On 3 rd May 1791, after a stormy debate, the Four-Year Sejm acclaimed a governmental act which is now knows as the Constitution of May years ago it was the second in the world and the first in Europe act of its kind that regulated the organisation of the national authorities as well as citizens rights and duties. 19

220 years ago it was the second in the world and the first in Europe act of its kind

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22 The Polish Round Table The Polish Round Table Talks between Communistic government and the leaders of Solidarity movement (Solidarność) is one of the most important events in Polish history in the 20 th century. The Talks between Communistic government and the leaders of Solidarity movement, among others Lech Wałęsa, took place between 6 th February and 5 th April The Polish Round Table Talks were the beginning of changes in Poland. It allowed removing Communists from power without bloodshed and introducing democracy. 21

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24 Part I Legends Table of Contents Lech, Czech and Rus..2 The Wawel Dragon.4 Warsaw mermaid 7 The Basilisk.10 The Golden Duck 13 Part II Historical facts Battle of Grunwald 17 The Constitution of May The Polish Round Table.21 23

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