UKitl: ~ ..a~ JIB UKTI DEFENCE I &SECURITY ORGANISATION TRADE& INVESTMENT. Your reference

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1 TRADE& INVESTMENT UKitl: ~ JIB..a~ UKTI DEFENCE I &SECURITY ORGANISATION Telephone Facsim 1le uk 8352 Parliamentary Co-ordinator Campaign Against Arms Trade 11 Goodwin Street London N4 3HQ Your reference Our reference 10/1593 Date 6 August 2010 Dear I am writing concerning your of 8 July to UKTI DSO Operations Director,, in which you requested a "copy of your September 2009 Guide for UK Defence Exporters to Turkey". I can confirm that we hold the information you have requested and that your request has been considered in accordance with the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (FOIA). Please find attached a copy of the guide you requested. A small amount of information has been removed as highlighted and is withheld in accordance with Section 27(1nternational Relations) and Section 40 (Personal Information) of the FOIA. With regard to S27 we acknowledge that there is a public interest in the Government providing transparency whenever possible about its engagement with overseas Governments. However the effective conduct of international relationships depends upon maintaining trust and confidence between Governments. This information is not an accurate reflection of Government policy or our analysis of Turkey. lt has since been removed from the document. Disclosure of this inaccurate information is likely to prejudice the relationship between the UK Government and the Government of Turkey and lead to a breakdown of cooperation between our Nations. This would not be in the public interest and this information is withheld in accordance with Section 27 (1 )(a)&( c)& (d) (International Relations). Also withheld are the names and contact details of the UKTI DSO Regional Directorate West desk officer for Turkey and the Trade & Investment Manager at the British Embassy in Ankara. We consider this to be personal information. Section 40 is an absolute exemption for personal data which then falls to be dealt with under K ingsgate House V ictoria Street London SWIE6SW ""\E.\TOR t' P'f'OPLr

2 the Data Protection Act. Personal data of third parties can only be disclosed in accordance with data protection principles. In particular, the first data protection principle requires that disclosure must be fair and lawful and must comply with one of the conditions in Schedule 2 of the Data Protection Act. We do not think it is fair to release the name of these individuals and do not think any of the relevant conditions apply If you are unhappy with the result of your request for information, you may request an internal review within two calendar months of the date of this letter. If you wish to request an internal review, please contact me. If you are not content with the outcome of the internal review, you have the right to apply direct to the Information Commissioner for a decision. The Information Commissioner can be contacted at: Information Commissioner's Office Wycliffe House Water Lane Wilmslow Cheshire SK9 5AF Yours sincerely, Information Manager UK Trade & Investment, Defence & Security Organisation (_)

3 UK I. TRADE & H!ii ~ INVESTMENT ~~~ UKTI DEFENCE I &SECURITY ORGANISATION Turkey - An Overview TURKEY A GUIDE FOR UK DEFENCE EXPORTERS Turkey occupies a key gee-strategic position and provides a vital stabilising influence in a potentially turbulent region. Turkey is a member of the UN, NATO, the Council of Europe, the Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), an Associate Member of the Western European Union, and is a candidate for accession to the European Union. The UK remains strongly committed to supporting Turkey's accession to the EU and assisting Turkey in the process of reform necessary to achieve this goal. Turkey's membership can bring increased regional stability and provide great benefits to both Turkey and the EU through its active role on many key global issues. Turkey is a democratic, secular state with a largely Muslim population. Her domestic and foreign policy is based on the doctrine laid down by the founder of the modern Turkish state. Kemal AtatUrk. The Justice and Development Party (AKP) candidate and former Foreign Minister, Abdullah Gul was elected President by the new parliament on 28 August In October 2007 the British and Turkish Prime Ministers signed auk-turkey Strategic Partnership covering a wide range of international issues, deepening the countries' defence relationship and commitment to increase bilateral trade and investment. Turkish Armed Forces (T AF) Turkey's armed forces comprise five services, the Turkish Land Forces Command (TLFC}, Turkish Naval Forces Command (TNFC), Turkish Air Forces Command (TAFC), the Coast Guard Command and the Gendarmerie (Jandarma). The Naval, Land and Air forces are controlled by the Turkish General Staff (TGS} with the Coast Guard and Gendarmerie controlled by the Ministry of the Interior. However, the TGS assume responsibility for the other two services in times of emergency. The most senior military officer in Turkey is the Chief of the General Staff. The individual Services are each headed by their own Commander. The manpower of all services is primarily conscripted. The TGS is directly responsible to the Turkish President and Prime Minister for all operational matters, and is very influential in the equipment procurement process. The

4 Turkish Ministry of National Defence (MND), which is headed by a civilian Minister, is primarily responsible for general policy and staffing matters.. Turkey maintains a very large army (402,000 plus 258,000 reservists) organised into approximately 50 brigades. Turkey is now implementing Force This will lead to a major reorganisation of the army over the next few years and a reduction of 20-30% in size. The intention is that smaller, bettertrained and better-equipped forces will be able to undertake a wider range of tasks including: Fighting in both high and low intensity conflicts Conducting effective joint and combined operations Rapidly deploying and sustaining forces in difficult and high threat environments. Dealing with internal homeland security problems. The Turkish Naval Forces Command (TNFC) personnel strength totals 48,600 (including a Coast Guard of 2,200). lt has been increasingly adopting the posture of a 'blue water' navy. The rejuvenation of Turkey's naval forces has been inspired by the challenges posed by the country's position in the volatile eastern Mediterranean and the economically important Black Sea. In peacetime it integrates fully with the Allied Forces and International Security Organisations. The Navy also works closely with the Turkish Coast Guard Command to protect national interests in surrounding waters against terrorism, drug trafficking and smuggling. The Turkish Air Force Command operates one of the largest fleets of combat aircraft in NATO. lt is committed to the buy 100 F-35 JSF and is a joint partner in the development programme. Turkey is also a partner nation in the Airbus A400M programme (10 aircraft) and is in the process of acquiring new military/intelligence satellites. More recent aspirations include medium and low altitude missile defence systems. The Turkish Defence Market & Defence Industry Turkey has made considerable strides towards its goal of modernising the armed forces and invested heavily in its indigenous defence industry. Turkey aims to reduce its arms import-dependency and cultivate its own export markets. lt is Turkish Government policy that defence procurement should, through joint ventures with overseas companies, provide the stimulus for industrial development. The Turkish Government has encouraged foreign investment, and there are a number of very significant eo-production deals between Turkish and foreign companies involving important transfers of advanced technology to Turkey. The policy is implemented by the Under Secretariat for Defence Industry (SSM) SSM's website contains information on Turkey's new and current defence procurement projects and policy, its defence industry, companies, products and forthcoming events. SSM undertakes technical, financial and industrial evaluation of projects including a major local technology transfer element. SSM occasionally manages projects that have been budgeted for by other organisations (eg; the Coastguard). Decisions on

5 SSM projects are taken by the Defence Industry Executive Committee which consists of the Prime Minister, the Chief of General Staff, the Minister of Defence, the Under-Secretary for Defence Industry and the Service Chief in whose area the project lies. The extent to which overseas companies are willing to meet Turkey's industrial aspirations, and to provide both direct and indirect offset, is a key factor in determining their success in these programmes. SaSaD is Turkey's Defence Manufacturers Association. lt contributes to development of the defence industry sector by cooperating with defence procurement authorities, helping industry to fulfil Turkey's defence requirements. Competitors The main international competitors in the Turkish defence equipment market are Israel, Russia, USA, Italy, South Africa, The Netherlands, France, Germany and South Korea. Marketing Defence Equipment A UKTI DSO Trade and Investment Manager is based in the British Embassy in Ankara. Most defence business is carried out in Ankara and companies new to the Turkish defence market are strongly advised to discuss as early as possible what prospects may exist for their products with both the UKTI DSO Desk Officer in London and the Trade and Investment Manager in Ankara. The defence section in the British Embassy in Ankara comprises a Naval, Army and Air Attaches. lt is essential for any company seeking to do business in Turkey to employ an effective local agent. An agent is necessary to provide visibility for your product, to use his contacts to monitor progress and influence decisionmaking and to ensure that conditions are as favourable as possible for success. The UKTI DSO Trade and Investment Manager can provide advice on suitable local agents and their capabilities, though the final decision on which agent to employ is, of course, the responsibility of the company. lt will also often be necessary, and sometimes essential, for programmes sponsored by SSM, to enter into a partnership with a Turkish company and provide for local manufacture of some or all of your products in Turkey. Working with a good local partner should not only provide much of any required offset, but will also give you additional lobbying power and presence. Your agent should be able to help identify suitable partners. The UKTI DSO Trade and Investment Manager and UKTI DSO Desk Officer may also be able to provide guidance. Do's and Don'ts DO:

6 Discuss your prospects at the start with the UKTI DSO Desk Officer and UKTI DSO Trade and Investment Manager, let them help you, and maintain contact with them throughout. Find a good local agent in Turkey. Fonn joint ventures with Turkish companies maximising the local content of any bid. Have patience and persistence; the Turkish procurement system is very thorough and programmes may not proceed at the speed you would wish. Show a commitment to the market by maintaining a high level of visibility and presence, both through your agent and partner and through regular visits. Build personal contacts and maintain them. Ensure that familiar faces return again and again. Build some understanding of Turkish culture to enable good communication. Apply for security clearance before promoting equipment in Turkey. Be prepared to negotiate prices and tenns on the spot. Involve senior company personnel in negotiations at crucial stages. Consider exhibiting at IDEF 11 in Istanbul in May Further information on IDEF can be found on DON'T: Ignore advice given by Agents, partners and the British Embassy. Expect to succeed overnight. Assume that because your product is cheapest and best it will necessarily win the competition. Change personnel; trust built up over a series of meetings is invaluable, and must not lightly be thrown away. Expect Turkey to change its way of doing business to suit your company. Give up. Security Clearances

7 Applications to export controlled goods and technology should be made to the Export Control Organisation (ECO) in the Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform. The ECO web site is at Applications to release classified information overseas should be made to the Ministry of Defence. MOD Form 680 and the guidance on completing the form are available at mod. uk/defence I nternetl AboutDefence/CorporatePublicatio ns/equipmentandlogisticspublications/form680/lndex.htm. Credit and the Export Credit Guarantee Dept CECGD) The ECGD is the UK's official Export Credit Agency. They provide a range of services including insurance risk protection, bank loan guarantee and political risk insurance in overseas markets. UKTI DSO - How we can help The UKTI Defence & Security Organisation (UKTI DSO) supports companies in the defence and security sectors, as well as providing the essential Government-to Government dimension to company-led marketing campaigns for the export of defence and security equipment. The three UKTI DSO Regional Directorates (RD) offer assistance and advice on specific markets and prospects, co-ordinate Government support and provide a single point of contact for customer countries. RD West is responsible for the Turkish market within its overall remit (Europe, the Americas and Russia). Trade and Investment Manager British Embassy $ehit Ersan Caddesi 46/A <;ankaya Ankara Kingsgate House Victoria Street London SW1E 6SW Tel: Fax:

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