Lightning Protection in India

Transcription

1 Lightning Protection in India By Isha Parmar Project Executive, New Delhi, India Training for Safety

2 Lightning Protection in India 1 Basic Concepts of Lightning Phenomenon 2 Lightning Threats 3 Essentials of Lightning Protection 4 Safety Measures Training for Safety

3 Lightning Protection in India Aim Aim of this presentation is to bring out the basic concepts of lightning phenomenon, the lightning threats and essentials of lightning protection, To recommend certain safety measures that should be taken to minimize lightning hazards.

4 Top-10 Myths of Lightning Safety Lightning never strikes the same place twice If it s not raining, or if clouds aren t overhead, you are safe from lightning Rubber tires protect you from lightning in a car by insulating you from the ground A lightning victim is electrified. If you touch them, you ll be electrocuted. If outside in a thunderstorm, go under a tree to stay dry. If you are in a house, you are safe from lightning When playing sports and thunderstorms threaten, it s okay to finish the game before seeking shelter. Structures with metal, or metal on the body (jewellery, watches, glasses, backpacks, etc.), attract lightning If trapped outside and lightning is about to strike, lie flat on the ground Go near a tall pointy isolated object when thunderstorms threaten, to be within the 45 cone of protection Training for Safety

5 PART-1 Basic Concept of Lightning Phenomenon

6 Types of Strikes and Lightning Different Types of Strikes: Cloud to Ground Ground to Cloud Cloud to Cloud Types of Lightning Normal lightning Sheet lightning Heat lightning Ball lightning Red sprite Blue jet

7 Colours of Lightning Red Orange Yellow What does it Mean White Blue

8 Colours of Lightning Blue lightning within a cloud indicates the presence of hail. Red lightning within a cloud indicates the presence of rain. Yellow or orange lightning occurs when there is a large concentration of dust in the air. White lightning is a sign of low humidity. White is the colour of lightning that most often ignites forest fires.

9 Lightning Hazards

10 Direct Effects Physical damage (fire, explosion, mechanical destruction) Injuries/ death to living being

11 Indirect Effects Surges or transit over voltage Problem caused by it: 1.Disruption of data 2.Degradation (life span) 3.Damage (loss of equipment)

12 What is Lightning Protection? Provides a means by which electric discharge may enter or leave earth without passing through and damaging nonconducting parts of a structure Does not prevent lightning from striking It provides a means for controlling and preventing damage by providing a low resistance path for the discharge of lightning energy.

13 Monsoon Map of India

14 City ATD Delhi 30 Mumbai 18 Kerala 70 Chennai 47 Ahemdabad 11

15 Case Study- Kerala

16 Lightning in Kerala Spatial distribution of lightning in Kerala between 1986 and

17 Lightning death, injury Death 71 Injuries 112 Events 188 (Average/ year)

18 Year Economic losses Repair and Replacement (in Rs) 12/04/02-04/04/02 13,65, /09/02-18/11/02 4,47, Subscriber affected

19 Driving Force Western Ghat influencing Cumulonimbus Cloud (Cb) formation, Population density and vegetation density. (Population = 31.8 million ) Lack of awareness Accident by Ground conduction which is a special feature of Kerala

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21 Protection Against Lightning in INDIA The protection and safety against lightning can be achieved in two ways Protection through Scientific and technical Methods Mitigation through safety measures

22 Protection through Scientific and technical Methods 1. Air Termination Network- It includes: Traditional Air Terminal ESE lightning arrestor/ Air Terminal 2. Protective Angle 3. Faraday Cage Method

23 Mitigation through safety measures Creating Awareness among masses for risk reduction is needed amongst policy makers, decision makers, administrators, professionals (architects, engineers and others at various levels) financial institutions (banks, insurance, house financing institutions) and NGOs and voluntary organizations. Creating awareness amongst masses, using media, school education, street play etc Capacity building at local and regional levels.

24 Medical Recommendations Timely medical treatment required. Individuals struck by lightning do not carry a charge. Anyone who has signs of life is highly likely to survive. Those in cardiac or respiratory arrest should receive the greatest efforts. Fixed, dilated pupils should not be used to establish death. If victim is not breathing, has no pulse, follow advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) In cold and wet situations, put a protective layer between the victim and the ground to decrease hypothermia. If the pulse returns, the rescuer should continue ventilation with rescue breathing.

25 Basic survival techniques Cardiac pulmonary respiration (CPR) - The main cause of death is cardiopulmonary arrest. Most victims survive if they receive prompt CPR. Prompt CPR may prevent secondary hypoxia, brain damage and death. Artificial Respiration (AR) - Post CPR Artificial respiration may be needed for good outcome.

26 There is The Need For Inculcating: Culture of Preparedness Culture of Quick Response Culture of Emphatic Thinking Culture of Prevention

27 Recommendation 1. Data Gaps 2. Absence of concerned authority. 3. Creating Awareness 4. Policy formulation 5. Protection of Power Systems and Communication Networks and Army base. 6. Protection of National Heritage Sites.

28 Isha Parmar