Introduction to Phonetics Week 1

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1 Introduction to Phonetics Week 1 Ruben van de Vijver October 13, 2014

2 Practical information Course Introduction to Phonetics Teacher Ruben van de Vijver Office hours Wednesday 3-4 Where Telephone Slides made available Slides in English, teaching in German Book Zsiga, E. C. (2013). The Sounds of Language: An Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology.

3 Formalities: Klausur & Homework I 2 Klausur types among which you have to choose one. 1. A large Klausur (90 Minuten) in July. 2. A smaller one in (30 Minutes) in February. In order to choose the smaller Klausur you have to do homework each week. The homework will be graded (benotet). At the end of the semester the grades will be averaged. This average will be 50% of the grade of the small Klausur. You can always retreat from the option of doing weekly assignments and taking a small test at the end of the semester. However, if you decide not to take this option you cannot change it. Next: What kind of homework and then where to send it to and how to write your answers up.

4 Formalities: Homework II Each week there will be a number of questions from the book of Zsiga (2013). The questions will be in English, you can answer in German.

5 Formalities: Homework III Your answer has be in full sentences. You have to repeat the question in your answer. Type it up in your favorite word processing program (Word, Open Office) and save it as a pdf file. The file name is: your name here-matrikelnummer-weekx.pdf 1. for example: RubenVanDeVijver week1.pdf Matrikelnummer Judith Asche (phonetik001@gmail.com) Matrikelnummer Olga Böse (phonetik02@gmail.com) Matrikelnummer Jessica Nieder (phonetik3@gmail.com) Matrikelnummer Alina Trauten (phonetik4@gmail.com) Matrikelnummer Samira Weist (phonetik05@gmail.com) Deadline: Thursday 12:00 (noon).

6 Formalities: Homework IV Write a polite ! 1. Specifiy a subject header (Betreff: Hausarbeit Woche X/Homework week x) 2. Greet your tutor. If I would be a tutor: Hallo Ruben... Sehr geehrter Herr van de Vijver (whatever you or the tutor prefers). 3. Sign off: Viele Grüße,... treat everybody with the respect and courtesy you yourself would want to be treated with.

7 How can you do well in this class? Read the relevant part of Zsiga s book every week, do your weekly assignments, participate in the questions during class, ask questions if you don t understand something (in class or in my office hours Wednesday 3-4, ), participate!

8 What will I learn in this semester? The answers to these questions: What is phonetics? What is the anatomy and physiology of speech and hearing? What is I(international) P(phonetic) A(alphabet) and how can I use it? What is the difference between perception and hearing? What are the physical properties of speech? How can wave theory help me understand properties of speech?

9 We ll be using one book for both the introduction to phonetics (this semseter) and the introduction to phonology (next semester; 2 for the price of 1): Zsiga, E. C. (2013). The Sounds of Language: An Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology. Wiley-Blackwell. It is in the library. If you want to buy it: At Amazon.de it costs 29,45 EUR and at bol.de 31,00 EUR. The following books are also very good (but we will only use Zsiga s book): Johnson, K. (2003). Acoustic and Auditory Phonetics. Blackwell, Malden, MA, 2 edition. Ladefoged, P. and Johnson, K. (2010). A course in phonetics. Wadsworth Pub Co. Ladefoged, P. (1996). Elements of acoustic phonetics. University of Chicago Press. Ladefoged, P. and Maddieson, I. (1996). The Sounds of the Worlds Languages. Wiley-Blackwell.

10 Each week the slides can be found here.

11 What is phonetics Phonetics is a branch of linguistics and deals with speech sounds. Phonetics focuses on three aspects of speech sounds: production acoustics perception

12 What is phonetics Phonetics is a branch of linguistics and deals with speech sounds. Phonetics focuses on three aspects of speech sounds: production acoustics perception Confusingly, there is another branch of linguistics that deals with speech sounds: phonology. grammatical and cognitive aspects Obviously, you cannot study phonology without a thorough knowledge of phonetics and you cannot study phonetics without a thorough knowledge of phonology. Next semester we ll deal with phonology and this semester we ll tackle phonetics.

13 We ll start with speech production (one of the three aspects of phonetics, remember?).

14 The vocal tract these parts of the body are necessary to produce speech. From the abdominal muscles by way of the lungs, through the larynx and the mouth and/or nose.

15 The vocal tract Most of these are hard to see. Methods to make them visible: dissection (you see the anatomy, but not the physiology) X-rays (difficult, somewhat risky) ultrasounds (expensive) f-mri (expensive, relatively slow) palatograms (cheap, not suitable for vowels, lots of fun) linguograms (cheap, not suitable for vowels, lots of fun)

16 The vocal tract Dissection: (

17 The vocal tract X-rays: ( vowels- Jones x-ray.jpg)

18 The vocal tract fmri

19 The vocal tract Palatogram:

20 The vocal tract Linguogram:

21 Assignment This assignment will not be graded! Write a polite to your tutor in which you tell her whether you will hand in homework each week and benefit from taking a small test (Klausur) at the end of this semester. The has to contain your name and your Matrikelnummer and whether or not you will hand in your homework! Sehr geehrte Frau (Tutorname hier)/ Hallo (Tutorname hier), ich werde jede Woche die Hausaufgaben einreichen bevor Donnerstag 12:00. Mein Name ist (Dein Name hier) und meine Matrikelnummer ist (Deine Matrikelnummer hier). Mit freundlichen Grüßen (Dein Name hier)/viele Grüße (Dein Name hier).

22 References Zsiga, E. C. (2013). The Sounds of Language: An Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology. Wiley-Blackwell.

AP GERMAN LANGUAGE AND CULTURE EXAM 2015 SCORING GUIDELINES

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