Freedom and Trust. in the Internet Era. Dr Andrew John Hughes Software Engineer, Red Hat FREEDOM AND TRUST - DR ANDREW JOHN HUGHES

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1 Freedom and Trust in the Internet Era Dr Andrew John Hughes Software Engineer, Red Hat 1

2 Sharing Is Good 2

3 Copyright 3 Middle Ages Printing Press The Digital Era

4 Software Worst fit for copyright law Proprietary software Restricts competition Enslaves users Inhibits learning Difficult to trust 4

5 Proprietary Licenses (EULAs) 'This software is licensed, not sold.' 'You may not work around any technical limitations in the software' 'The software license is permanently assigned to the computer where the software is distributed'. Microsoft Windows 7 Home Basic EULA for OEMs 5

6 Proprietary Licenses (EULAs) 'Java Technology Restrictions. You may not create, modify, or change the behavior of, or authorize your licensees to create, modify, or change the behavior of, classes, interfaces, or subpackages that are in any way identified as "java", "javax", "sun" or similar convention as specified by Oracle in any naming convention designation.' Oracle JDK 6u21 License Agreement 6

7 Free Software Free as in Freedom Not as in Beer Software libre 7

8 Free Software Principles 0. The freedom to run the program for any purpose 1. The freedom to study how the program works, and change it to make it do what you wish. 2. The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbour. 3. The freedom to distribute copies of your modified version to others. Both 1 and 3 require access to the source code. 8

9 Two Extremes 9 Copyleft Open Source

10 GNU/Linux 10

11 Other Free Software Distributions 11

12 Open Standards 12 Made the Internet what it is today Necessary for interoperability and competition

13 Cloud Computing The revenge of proprietary software? How willing are you to give away your trust in the name of convenience? 13

14 'For content that is covered by intellectual property rights, like photos and videos ("IP content"), you specifically give us the following permission, subject to your privacy and application settings: you grant us a nonexclusive, transferable, sub-licensable, royaltyfree, worldwide license to use any IP content that you post on or in connection with Facebook ("IP License"). This IP License ends when you delete your IP content or your account unless your content has been shared with others, and they have not deleted it.' Facebook Statement of Rights and Responsibilities, October 4,

15 Everyone Information. Information set to everyone is publicly available information, just like your name, profile picture, and connections. Such information may, for example, be accessed by everyone on the Internet (including people not logged into Facebook), be indexed by third party search engines, and be imported, exported, distributed, and redistributed by us and others without privacy limitations Facebook's Privacy Policy,December 22,

16 Books Oldest form of copyrighted work E-books; changing the game plan Three types of work Reference documentation Research Fiction Creative Commons licensing 16

17 Music Mixtapes Digital media Digital Rights Restrictions Management (DRM) Streaming services 17

18 How to Help Make your work available under a Free license Contribute to existing projects Code Documentation Translations Don't support proprietary software and DRM 18 Encourage and enlighten others

19 Where to Go From Here

Who Does That Server Really Serve?

Who Does That Server Really Serve? This essay was originally published in the online edition of the Boston Review, on 8 March 2010, under the title What Does That Server Really Serve? This document is part of, the GNU Project s exhaustive