Draft Model Earthquake Contingency Plan of Trinidad and Tobago DMECP. Presented by Denise Anderson

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1 Draft Model Earthquake Contingency Plan of Trinidad and Tobago DMECP Presented by Denise Anderson 1

2 Outline About the DMECP! Mitigation! Preparedness! Response! Recovery! Tsunami Countermeasures! The Way Forward! 2

3 About DMECP Purpose! to minimize the loss of life and damage to property and the environment in Trinidad and Tobago, by detailing actions to be taken to reduce vulnerability, to prepare for, respond effectively to and recover quickly from, the impacts of serious earthquakes and tsunamis.! 3

4 About DMECP Assumptions! there is a National Emergency Management Plan all stakeholders are both aware and capable of performing their assigned roles all Memoranda of Understanding with key stakeholders required for the execution of the Plan would have been put in place all emergencies occurring within and requiring a multiagency response will be managed using the Incident Command System (ICS) 4

5 About DMECP Assumptions! When a serious earthquake occurs the NEOC will be activated as soon as possible to coordinate the activities of all emergency response agencies. There is the suspension of day-to-day functions of state agencies that do not contribute directly to disaster. Non-discrimination, and individual and community responsibility are considered 5

6 MITIGATION Activities that prevent and emergency, reduce the chance of an emergency happening, or reduce the damaging effects of unavoidable emergencies! Structural! establishment of building codes! retrofitting of existing buildings! Non-structural! hazard mapping! land-use planning! zoning of development activities! effective early-warning! public awareness and education! disaster management planning! institute tax regimes! adequately resource and effectively test/exercise all relevant agencies! 6

7 Mitigation Efforts: Public Utilities" ensure the survivability of essential infrastructure such as filtration plants, distribution stations, pumping stations, water mains etc stockpile materials and equipment to facilitate a speedy restoration of its service in an emergency. take steps to ensure the survivability of essential infra- structure such as power generation plants, distribution stations, electrical mains and the like. As far as possible, place power supply systems such as electric lines, transformers, and the like underground to protect them from earthquake damage and fires. promote redundancy by having a plurality of systems to ensure the supply of power in the event that its primary lines are cut. stockpile materials and equipment to facilitate a speedy restoration of its service in an emergency. 7

8 Mitigation Efforts: Public Utilities" take steps to ensure the survivability of essential infrastructure As far as possible, place telephone lines underground to protect them from earthquake damage and fires promote redundancy by having a plurality of systems (wireless radio networks, satellite phones and the like) to ensure they can provide some means of communication in the event that their primary land lines are cut stockpile materials and equipment to facilitate a speedy restoration of their services in an emergency 8

9 Mitigation Efforts: Public Utilities" undertake an assessment of the level of earthquake resistance of such facilities and shall retrofit those found to be below the accepted standard undertake an assessment of the hazards to which these public facilities are subject and shall take steps to counter these threats 9

10 Mitigation Efforts: Public Transport" designate some main roads as emergency transportation routes and indicate their priority with respect to routeclearing activities institute measures to protect main routes from hindrances such as falling utility poles, sign boards, etc. encourage the making of agreements with private construction companies regarding the provision of personnel and equipment needed for road-clearing, heavy-lift and other works following the occurrence of an earthquake 10

11 Mitigation Efforts: Public Transport" pay particular attention to the survivability of airports and seaports in view of their vital importance to the receipt of supplies, evacuation, and other emergency support functions identify sites to be used as heliports in emergency situations and shall collaborate with site-owners to ensure the availability of these sites in an emergency 11

12 Other Mitigation Efforts" examine the safety of facilities that handle petroleum, high-pressure gas (e.g. LPG) and toxic chemicals require that the administrators of such facilities prepare emergency plans and conduct simulation exercises to ensure a smooth response in the event of an earthquake in collaboration with facility administrators, ensure that a system is in place to prevent the outbreak of fires and the leakage of toxic or otherwise hazardous materials require of such facilities that they prepare a manual for the handling of their differing materials in case of an emergency 12

13 Other Mitigation Efforts" Ensure that structures on sandy soils, that load-bearing piles should be driven down to bedrock. Also, to prevent differential settlement the load of structures should be equalized and substructures should be unified. map the location of steep slopes, noting their location, land use, degree of danger posed, expected level of damage, and the like Based on this list, notify the general public of the areas having dangerous slopes shall discourage development in these areas through the use of regulations, taxation, etc 13

14 PREPAREDNESS Core emergency response systems! Mutual aid agreements! Information management! Communication! Public information! Protection of data! Search and rescue, and emergency medical treatment! Community preparedness! 14

15 Response This phase commences immediately after the impact of an earthquake! The UWISRC will give the notification of the earthquake occurrence! The first responders agencies will notify the ODPM of resultant damages! The ODPM will determine the level of response required, i.e. Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3 15

16 Response Activation of the National Emergency Contingency Plan (NECP)! The NECP is activated for a Level 2 or Level 3 event, and the following systematic stages pursued! Phase 1: Initial Stage! Phase 2: Response Stage! Phase 3: Return to Normalcy Stage 16

17 Phase 1 Initial Stage! Response establishes an organized response. This phase begins immediately following the occurrence of the earthquake and continues until the NEOC is fully activated and is capable of controlling all emergency response activities.! Activation of NEOC Activation of the EOCs of response agencies Establishment of channels of support through collaboration with other organizations within and outside of the country 17

18 Phase 2 Response Stage! Response begins about 24 hours after the event to seven days maximum. Aim: to save lives and the prevent damage to property and the environment, prompt gathering and transmission of information on the details of the earthquake, the securing of a reliable means of communication and the initial assessment of the damage caused. Determining the need to declare a State of Emergency or a Disaster Area, as appropriate. Preventing confusion resulting from rumours or false reports, encouraging appropriate decision-making and action-taking by transmitting correct information to both victims and the rest of the population, Searching for and rescuing disaster victims and providing prompt medical attention to casualties, 18

19 Phase 2 Response Stage! Response Disaster prevention activities such as fire-fighting and tsunami countermeasures in order to prevent secondary or chain reaction emergencies Guiding victims to safe shelters Securing means of emergency transportation by controlling vehicular and pedestrian traffic to support smooth rescue, medical assistance and fire-fighting activities and to issue emergency supplies to victims Ascertaining the risk of secondary disasters hazards such as flooding, landslides etc., and, where necessary, evacuating residents and implementing countermeasures against these potential hazards 19

20 Response Phase 3 Return to Normalcy Stage! starts approximately 72 hours after the earthquake event and can last from a few weeks to a few months (depending on the scale of the earthquake event). Activities in this phase are aimed at stabilizing peoples daily lives and economic activities procuring and distributing food, water, medicines and other daily supplies necessary for maintaining an acceptable level of comfort for disaster victims establishing law and order through crime prevention and suppression activities, and implementing measures to ensure the reliability of supply and the stability of commodity prices 20

21 Response Phase 3 Return to Normalcy Stage! restoration of lifelines and utilities acceptance of material and monetary donations from abroad preventing confusion caused by rumours and false reports transmitting correct information to disaster victims and other members of the public; thereby encouraging appropriate judgment and decision-making based on accurate information assessing the state of health of disaster victims, health and hygiene activities such as waste disposal, quarantine activities, and the recovery and handling of dead bodies 21

22 Response Phase 3 Return to Normalcy Stage! Clearance of debris from roads, airports and ports. These activities should include debris management considerations. Reopening of roads, ports and airports Temporary repair of damaged buildings Consider possible isolation of some areas, and the resupply options available to assist them Re-establishment of communications systems Establishment of procedures to deal with media enquires 22

23 Recovery Short Term - Rehabilitative! The restoration of vital services to the community while providing for basic needs! Long Term - Reconstructive! The restoration of the affected community to its previous, or improved, status 23

24 Recovery National and local government agencies, and other public institutions and private sector agencies related to the recovery effort will need to cooperate to! make quick decisions on the general direction of recovery and the systematic implementation of projects! support the rebuilding of individual lives through the provision of capital aid, housing and employment! rapidly restore community lifelines, transportation systems and other public facilities and infrastructure for stable daily living conditions! 24

25 Recovery Plans The Government shall decide whether to aim for a quick restoration of the original condition of the affected area or a systematic recovery that seeks to address some medium-to-long term issues, such as reducing the level of vulnerability to hazards, depending on the extent of the damage, the characteristics of the area, the wishes of the management of the public facilities, and the like 25

26 Recovery Plans Damage Assessment! The government is to assess and place a cost on! the damage done to infrastructure! the damage done to all sectors of the economy! all resources expended in the emergency response effort 26

27 Damage Assessment! Building Inspection! Recovery Plans The government will collect information on the! type of damage! valuation and method employed! insurance cover for all affected areas 27

28 Recovery Plans Public Information! Via mass media, the government will! keep the national community informed of all recovery activities! monitor the information carried by the media! take action to correct any inaccurate reports 28

29 Recovery: Support for Economic Activity" paying of compensation extending of deadlines for the payment of taxes or the deferring reducing or exempting of such payments loaning of low-interest or no-interest loans providing of temporary or permanent housing providing of jobs applying of various welfare measures 29

30 Recovery: Support for Economic Activity" offering low interest loans for operating capital and equipment restoration capital to earthquake-affected private enterprises loaning of low-interest capital to affected agricultural, forestry or fisheries enterprises for the restoration of facilities and for business stabilization, improving structures for the growth of industries in keeping with economic trends 30

31 Recovery: Support for Transport Systems" priority will be placed on the securing of emergency routes. mobilize as quickly as possible to assess the extent of damage to airports remove obstacles from port areas and navigation channels. 31

32 Recovery: Public Utilities" Priority action should be given as follows: water filtering plants, intake weirs or towers, aqueducts water distribution facilities, pumps and main supply lines water supply branch lines, Standpipes and Water tanks In the event of damage to branch lines, priority of restoration of supply will be as follows: - emergency facilities such as hospitals, fire stations, police stations, defence force installations, shelters, and the like - other emergency facilities (State as per country) - water lines that are causing flooding on roads, etc 32

33 Recovery: Public Utilities" the priority of action shall be the prevention of secondary hazards (e.g. fires, electrocutions) followed by the restoration of the electricity supply. Once power is restored, it is still necessary to maintain a watch for the outbreak of fires priority to restoring the communications systems of emergency response institutions such as the police, fire service, hospitals, and the like institute systems that allow them to control the volume of calls made on communications systems in emergency situations. 33

34 Tsunami Countermeasures Tsunamis! an ocean wave that is generated by a sudden disturbance of the ocean floor that displaces a large amount of water! This disturbance may be due to submarine volcanic eruptions, submarine landslides and large meteorite impacts 34

35 Tsunami Countermeasures Prediction " knowledge of the hypocenter, epicenter and magnitude of an earthquake event indicate to a certain degree whether or not a tsunami will occur! the moment of the fault indicates whether or not the first wave of a tsunami comes right away or after subsiding at first! if the fault is pushed up, the first wave comes straight way! if the fault is pushed down, the wave first subsides before moving inland! 35

36 Tsunami Countermeasures Warning! The University of the West Indies Seismic Research Centre, and other monitoring agencies, shall! issue the tsunami forecast to all relevant government organiations! The Office of Disaster Preparedness and Management shall! set up a sea watch! 36

37 Tsunami Countermeasures Response! Entry to the danger area is not given until the "ALL CLEAR" is given by the Office of Disaster Preparedness and Management! 37

38 Tsunami Countermeasures Evacuation! The decision to recommend that residents evacuate from an area after an earthquake event is the responsibility of the ODPM in consultation with key national and local government agencies! Inclusive of the UWI SRC! The responsibility for implementing evacuation rests with the Trinidad and Tobago Fire Service (TTFS), supported by the Trinidad and Tobago Police Service (TTPS) and the local government authority 38

39 Tsunami Countermeasures Evacuation! The TTPS will designate evacuation routes and for securing the evacuated area! The local government authority will provide and supervise transport to and from shelters! The Office of Disaster Preparedness and Management will issue the "ALL CLEAR" for re-entry to an evacuated area 39

40 The Way Forward The plan applies to all government ministries and agencies, municipal bodies and public institutions that are tasked with any aspect of earthquake risk management.! Therefore, the plan also provides guidance to non-governmental organizations and private organizations regarding their contributions to effective earthquake risk management in (name of country).! 40

41 Responsibility Matrix Emergency Response" TTFS MOH/ GMRTT MFA TTDF TTRCS/St. John s Ambulanc e Brigade ODPM Phase 2 - Response Phase Phase 2 - Response Phase Phase 2 - Response Phase 41

42 Responsibility Matrix Emergency Response" MOLG TTFS TSTT MOPSD/ TTRCS/ ADRA TTEMAS TTARS/ REACT Phase 2 - Response Phase Phase 2 - Response Phase Phase 2 - Response Phase 42

43 Responsibility Matrix Emergency Response" MOLG TTFS MOWT TTRCS/ ADRA TTEMAS TTDF Phase 2 - Response Phase Phase 2 - Response Phase Phase 2 - Response Phase 43

44 Responsibility Matrix Emergency Response" MOWT MOWT MOWT TTDF TTDF TTDF/ TTEMAS Phase 2 - Response Phase Phase 2 - Response Phase Phase 2 - Response Phase 44

45 Responsibility Matrix Emergency Response" OPM MPU ODPM TTDF Phase 2 - Response Phase Phase 2 - Response Phase 45

46 Responsibility Matrix Emergency Response" EMA TTPS TTFS/ TTEMAS TTDF Phase 2 - Response Phase Phase 2 - Response Phase 46

47 Responsibility Matrix Emergency Response" MOH/RHA ODPM TTDF MFA Phase 3 - Return to Normalcy Phase Phase 3 - Return to Normalcy Phase 47

48 Responsibility Matrix Emergency Response" TTDF MOLG MOLG MPA Phase 3 - Return to Normalcy Phase Phase 3 - Return to Normalcy Phase 48

49 Responsibility Matrix Emergency Response" TTFS MOT TTDF MOH/ MOPSD Phase 3 - Return to Normalcy Phase Phase 3 - Return to Normalcy Phase 49

50 Thank You! Any Comments/Questions? 50 10