Truth & Consequences Marijuana & Our Youth

Transcription

1 Truth & Consequences Marijuana & Our Youth

2 What is Marijuana? Dr. Ali Jaffer Dept. of Pain Medicine Beaumont Hospital

3 What is Marijuana? Also called pot, grass, reefer, weed, herb, or MJ Greenish-gray mixture of the dried, shredded leaves, stems, seeds, and flowers of Cannabis sativa the hemp plant Primary chemical is Delta 9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)

4 This is NOT the pot of the past The potency of marijuana (concentration of THC) has more than doubled between 1993 and This increased potency may be a reason behind the surge in marijuana-related emergency room visits in recent years. Rabin, R. C. (2013). Legalizing of marijuana raises health concerns. The New York Times. Retrieved from

5 Increased Potency Today s marijuana is not the marijuana of the 1960s. In the past 15 years, marijuana potency has tripled and since 1960 it grown 5 times stronger.

6 Marijuana Potential Short-Term Effects Distorts perception of reality Impairs short-term memory Paranoia/Panic Attacks Risky/Irresponsible behavior Concentration & learning problems Loss of physical & mental motivation Dry mouth & throat Difficulty keeping track of time Increased appetite Impairs coordination and balance NIDA

7 Marijuana Potential Long-Term Effects Increased tolerance Addiction Increased risk of depression, suicidal thoughts Increased appetite and weight gain Weakened immune system Respiratory problems Increased risk of cancer NIDA

8 Myths About Marijuana Marijuana is Not Addictive FACT: Marijuana is addictive. The National Institutes of Health found that the EARLIER marijuana use begins, the HIGHER the risk of drug abuse and addiction. 62 % of teens in drug treatment are addicted to marijuana. ONDCP Each year, more teens enter treatment with a primary diagnosis of marijuana addiction than for all other illegal drugs combined. Partnership for a Drug-Free America

9 Marijuana "Opens the Door" Using alcohol, marijuana, and/or tobacco regularly, especially during the teen years, can open the door to the use of other drugs, including cocaine, LSD, heroin, and to prescription drug abuse during their lifetime. ONDCP

10 Marijuana & Your Body THC (Delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol) is rapidly absorbed by fatty tissues in various organs, including the brain. THC is released very slowly in the body over time. NIDA

11 ow long can THC be detected? Detection Time for Marijuana use: 1 time use: 5-8 days 2-4x per month: days 2-4x per week: days 5-6x per week: days Daily Use: days John Underwood Life of an Athlete

12 Marijuana & Your Body Marijuana use can negatively affect: The Heart Increased heart rate of % that could last up to 3 hours 4.8x greater risk of heart attack in the first hour after smoking NIDA

13 Marijuana & Your Body Marijuana use can negatively affect: The Lungs Marijuana smoke contains 50 70% more cancer causing chemicals than tobacco smoke. Use can create respiratory problems (cough, phlegm, acute chest illnesses, greater risk of lung infection) over time. NIDA

14 Teens & Marijuana Laurie Gell, MA, LLPC Education Specialist Training and Treatment Innovations, Inc.

15 Why Do Teens Use Marijuana? Pressure from friends Boredom To Experiment Influence of media To fit in To rebel Curiosity To deal with feelings Believe it s safe NIDA

16 The Teen Brain & Decision Making Prefrontal Cortex Decision Making Center Brake Center - controls impulses Last part of the brain to develop (usually in the early to mid 20 s) SCHOLASTIC, NIDA, NIH, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HHS

17 Effects of Marijuana on the Brain

18 The Teen Brain & Memory The hippocampus is the part of the brain that forms memories. The THC in marijuana negatively affects how the hippocampus processes information and forms memories. NIDA.

19 The Teen Brain & Marijuana SCHOLASTIC, NIDA, NIH, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HHS

20 Marijuana & Mental Health Marijuana use can worsen depression and lead to other serious mental health issues, e.g. schizophrenia, anxiety, and suicide. Weekly use of marijuana DOUBLES a teen s risk of depression and anxiety. NIDA

21 Academic Performance Marijuana Use Negatively affects learning A teen who uses is 4 times more likely to report D grades. SAMHSA Is linked to higher dropout rates A teenage marijuana user is 2 times more likely to drop out of school than a non-user. NIDA

22 Myth About Marijuana Marijuana is Harmless FACT: Marijuana use can: lead to many health, social, learning, and behavioral problems at an important developmental time, the teen years negatively affect judgment, resulting in poor decisions related to sex, criminal activity, driving under the influence, etc. ONDCP

23 Marijuana Matters The Facts Any time you put drugs in your body, you risk serious physical and emotional damage. Drug use can have a significant negative impact on your family relationships, friendships, school and athletic performance, and your future. It s important to find ways to manage emotions, deal with stress, and have fun without using drugs. Most teens do not use marijuana or other drugs.

24 Marijuana use can close the door to your future! Judge Nancy Carniak

25 Employment Marijuana Use Many companies, industries, and professions require drug testing to be hired and/or drug testing while employed. CADCA Job applications often ask if someone has ever been convicted of a crime or has a case pending, including drug related offenses. Employment Screening Resources

26 College Admission Marijuana Convictions must be reported on college applications Have you ever been convicted of a criminal offense (including in juvenile court) other than a minor traffic violation, or are there criminal charges pending against you at this time? Yes No Oakland University Undergrad Application

27 Financial Aid & College Scholarships Marijuana Conviction 1 in 400 students (over 40,000) nationwide, is denied federal financial aid because of a drug conviction. Scholarships can be denied or discontinued because of a drug conviction. College Students, Arrests, and Financial Aid Guide

28 30 Days Before the Survey Did Not Use Marijuana 10 th Graders 12 th Graders 80% 79% YRBS 2011

29 Marijuana is Among the Most Commonly Abused Substances by Teens

30 Local Data - MiPHY Percentage of students who tried marijuana before the age of 11 (7 th grade) and age 13 (9 th and 11 th grade): 7 th Grade: th Grade: th Grade: 3.8 Percentage of students who used marijuana on school property in past 30 days: 7 th Grade: th Grade: th Grade: 4.8 Average age of first marijuana use (NOTE: not a percentage) 7 th Grade: 11 9 th Grade: th Grade: 14.6 MiPHY 2012

31 1 in 6 teens become addicted 1 in 10 adults and 1 in 6 adolescents who try marijuana will become addicted to it. The adolescent brain is especially susceptible to marijuana use. When kids use, they have a greater chance of addiction since their brains are being primed. Wagner, F.A. & Anthony, J.C., 2002; Giedd. J. N., 2004

32 Legal Consequences in Michigan Possession of Marijuana Conviction 1 year in jail and/or $2,000 fine plus court costs 6 month suspension of driving privileges Marijuana Use Conviction 90 days in jail and/or $100 fine plus court costs 90 days suspension of driving privileges

33 Michigan Marijuana Criminal Penalties Possession of Drug Paraphernalia: up to 93 days and/or $500 fines plus costs Possession of Marijuana: Felony possession forwarded to Circuit Court. Possible Prison time if over 450 grams. City Ordinance: Punishable by up to 93 days OCJ and/or fines up to $500 plus costs State Law: up to 365 days OCJ and or fines up to $500 plus costs. If not taken under 7411 defendants license is suspended for 6 months (second offense one year)

34 More consequences. Lt. Daniel Toth Oakland County Sheriff s Office

35 Myth About Marijuana Smoking marijuana doesn t affect driving ability FACT: Even a small amount of marijuana decreases the ability to drive. Use affects alertness, concentration, perception, coordination and reaction time. 17% (1 in 5) of crash victims under the age of 18 tested positive for marijuana. ONDCP ONDCP

36 Driving Privileges A marijuana conviction delays getting a driver s license. Marijuana use/possession results in an automatic 6 month suspension of a driver s license - whether use/possession was in a car or not.

37 Operate Under the Influence of Drugs OUID 1 st : up to 93 days, fines $ plus cost recovery to the city, possible court community service, possible rehabilitative programs, possible immobilization of motor vehicle, 4-6 points on driving record, licensing sanctions per secretary of state OUID 2 nd : up to 365 days, fines $1470 plus cost recovery to city, possible court community service, possible rehabilitative programs, mandatory immobilization of motor vehicle, 6 points on driving record, licensing sanctions per secretary of state OUID 3 rd : Fine of not less than $500 or more than $5,000 and either (1) imprisonment for not less than 1 year or more than 5 years; or (2) probation with imprisonment in the county jail for not less than 30 days or more than 1 year and community service for not less than 60 days or more than 180 days.

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40 Medical Marijuana The Federal Government considers marijuana to be a controlled substance with no currently accepted medical use. Federal law states, that it s illegal, under any circumstances, to grow, use, possess, or transport marijuana. The manufacture, distribution, or possession of marijuana is a criminal offense, according to Federal law. CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE ACT

41 The Michigan Medical Marijuana Act Allows doctors to recommend (not prescribe) use by people who have certain serious medical conditions Requires registration with the state to use and/or grow limited amounts of marijuana to treat their symptoms Does not guarantee protection against federal prosecution for possession, growing, distributing, or using marijuana

42 Some Facts about Michigan s Medical Marijuana Act Medical Marijuana use is not allowed: While operating a car or any other motor vehicle, aircraft, or motorboat In a public place or on any form of public transportation, including a school bus In schools In a correctional facility Michigan Medical Marihuana Act 2008

43 It s the Law Possession of marijuana is a misdemeanor that carries a $2,000 fine and a maximum of one year in jail. This includes very small amounts of marijuana. Possession of marijuana with the intent to sell, manufacture or deliver is a felony, with a minimum punishment of 4 years in state prison and a $20,000 fine. If the cultivation/selling is plants or 5-45 kg both the sentence and the fine increases to 7 years and/or a $500,000 fine. Over 200 plants or more than 45kg the punishment increases (up to 15 years in prison and $10,000,000 fine). Drug Free Enhanced Zones - Fines and imprisonment can be increased up to 3 times more if the crime takes place 1,000 feet from a school or library. Local laws - The Charter Township of Orion has adopted two (2) ordinances in conjunction with State Law prohibiting the possession of marijuana or any form of drug paraphernalia with a fine of $500 or by imprisonment in the Oakland County Jail for up to 90 days. By definition "drug paraphernalia" means any equipment, product, material, or combination of equipment, products, or materials, which is specifically designed for use in planting; propagating; cultivating; growing; harvesting; manufacturing; compounding; converting; converting; producing; processing; testing; analyzing; packaging; repackaging; storing; containing; concealing; injecting; ingesting; inhaling; or otherwise introducing into the human body a controlled substance.

44 Questions from the audience.