ABSTRACT. KEYWORDS: NTUA campus, university campus master plan, landscape design
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3 ABSTRACT The purpose of the study is to evaluate the landscape of the NTUA (National Technical University of Athens) campus and propose a regeneration masterplan, based on a detailed analysis of existing land uses, pedestrian and vehicle networks and bioclimatic conditions. The significance of the NTUA campus is multifold as it hosts the activities of the university community with people; with a surface area of 910-acre area it is located on the borderline between the urban core of Athens and the protected forest area of Mount Hymettos; it attracts many pedestrians for recreation and periodically foreign visitors for international scientific conferences. Field surveys revealed a series of problems and dysfunctions regarding pedestrian, bicycle and vehicle movement, as well as the nature of the landscape and plantings. The pedestrian network does not correspond in a satisfactory way to the needs of either the university community or the recreation visitors and even in popular routes that accommodate the movement of many people, safety issues arise. Furthermore many parts of the cycle route are unsafe, due to design and plantings. The design and allocation of parking spaces near buildings hinder pedestrian and vehicle movement and lead to negative environmental impacts. The structure of the road network causes difficulties to driving orientation and affects the unity of the landscape. The aforementioned movement infrastructure has a negative impact on the function and aesthetic image of the campus. The landscape is fragmented and characterized of a variety of different types of plantings which do not blend and don t contribute significantly to the amelioration of bioclimatic conditions near buildings and places of social gathering. The dysfunctions were attributed to the gradual post hoc development of the campus which took place without the implementation of a long-term program and integrated design. Current trends in strategic planning of universities acknowledge the significance of landscape architecture in the enhancement of the aesthetics, the functionality, the bioclimatic conditions and the educational and research mission of the university campuses. The main principles of the redesign proposal are the utilization of the existing contours and ecological and hydrological characteristics, the unification of green spaces in order to improve the aesthetics of the landscape and to incorporate the various types of plantings that are typical of the natural landscape of Attica as well as of Mediterranean gardening in order to achieve sustainable management and biodiversity. KEYWORDS: NTUA campus, university campus master plan, landscape design 3
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146 ,. (2001)..,. - Dines, N.T. & Brown, K.D. (1998). Time-Saver Standards for Landscape Architecture, 2nd Edition. Washington, DC: McGraw Hill Edwards, B. (2000). University architecture. London: Spon Press. Miller, Robert W (1997). Urban Forestry: Planning and Managing Urban Greenspaces. 2nd Ed. Upper Saddle River, N. J.: Prentice Hal Neufert, P. (1998). ( ) UNIVERSITY CAMPUS: Master and strategic plans and/or, Design Guidelines (Cornell CMP 2008) The 2008 Cornell Master Plan for the Ithaca Campus, (UNC CMP 2011) The University of South Carolina of Pembroke Master Plan, drafted in collaboration with Sasaki Associates (GIT 2011) Georgia Institute of Technology Master and Landscape Plan (2010, revision 2011) (UH 2006 CDGS) University of Houston Campus Design Guidelines and Standards (UH 2011) University of Houston Campus Landscape Master Plan 146
147 URBAN DESIGN GUIDELINES (EPA 2006) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Parking Spaces / Community Places Finding the Balance through Smart Growth Solutions guidebook (NIBS 2009) National Institute of Building Sciences. Whole Building Desing Program. Parking: Surface 2009 (Toronto City Guidelines 2008) City of Toronto Planning Design Guidelines for Greening Surface Parking Lots JOURNALS (Thaisa 2012) Way, Thaisa; Chris Matthews,; Nancy Rottle,; Timothy Toland,. "Greening the American Campus: Lessons from Campus Projects." Planning for Higher Education. Society for College and Planning (Keto et al 2012) Keto E.M, McHale MR, Hascher W, Aiken JJ, Wild PM. Design Choices and Urban Forest Characteristics in Raleigh, Norh Carolina, U.S. Parking Lots Arboriculture and Urban Forestry. Vol. 38, Issue 2, March
148 148
149 Anthyllis hermaniae Balotta acetabulosa Calycotome vilosa Cistus incanus Cistus salvifolius Corydothymus capitatus Euphorbia acanthothamnos Fumana thymifolia Genista acanthoclada Globularia alypum, Helichrysum sp Hypericum empetrifolium Inula viscosa Phlomis fruticosa Sarcopoterium spinosum Satureja thymbra Thapsia garganica Thymelaea tartonraira, Tragopogon sp. Verbascum undulatum Allium roseum Asparagus acutifolius Asphodeline lutea Asphodelus fistulosus Cephalanthera rubra Colchicum sp. Crocus sp. Cyclamen graecum Fritillaria graeca Muscari comosum Ophrys spp Orchis spp Ornithogallum atticum Serapias sp. Smilax aspera Sternbergia lutea Cistus sp Quercus coccifera Pistacia lentiscus Rosa canina Olea oleaster, 149
150 . Abelia X grandiflora Abutilon Acacia baileyana Acacia dealbata Acacia decurrens Acacia farnesiana Acacia salicina &. cyanophylla Acanthus mollis Acca sellowiana (Feijoa sellowiana) Acer negundo Acer platanoides Acer pseudoplatanus Aesculus hippocastanum Agave spp. Ailanthus altissima Albizia julibrissin Araucaria araucana Arbutus unedo Artemisia spp. ( ) Bauhinia variegata (purpurea) Berberis spp. Brachychiton acerifolius Buddleja davidii Buxus sempervirens Callistemon citrinus, Capparis spinosa Carissa spp. Carpobrotus spp. Cassia corymbosa Casuarina equisetifolia Catalpa sp Cedrus atlantica Cedrus deodora Cedrus libani Centaurea cineraria Ceratonia siliqua Cercis siliquastrum Cestrum sp Cistus spp. Citrus aurantium Citrus spp. (.) Cordyline sp Cotoneaster spp. Cotoneaster spp. Crataegus spp. X Cupressocyparis leylandii Cupressus arizonica ssp. Arizonica & Cupressus arizonica var.glabra Cupressus sempervirens 150
151 Cycas revoluta Dodonaea sp Elaeagnus angustifolia, Eleagnus X ebbengei Elaeagnus pungens Eryobotrya japonica Eucalyptus spp Euonymus fortunei Euonymus japonicus Euphorbia sp Felicia fruticosa Ficus carica Forsythia X intermedia Gazania spp. Geranium spp. Grevillea robusta Hebe spp., Hedera helix Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Hibiscus syriacus Hypericum calycinum Jasminum nudiflorum Juglans spp Juglans regia Juniperus spp. Koelreuteria paniculata Lagerstroemia indica Lampranthus spp. Lantana camara Lantana montevidensis (sellowiana) Laurus nobilis Lavandula spp. Ligustrum japonicum Ligustrum lucidum Ligustrum ovalifolium Magnolia grandiflora Melia azedarach Morus alba Myrtus communis Nandina domestica S Nerium oleander T Olea europaea T Parkinsonia aculeata, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Parthenocissus tricuspidata Pelargonium X hortorum, Pelargonium peltatum Phormium tenax Photinia X fraseri, Photinia serratifolia (P. serrulata) Pinus halepensis Pinus pinea Pistacia chinensis Pistacia lentiscus 151
152 Pistacia sp, Pittosporum tobira Pittosporum tobira 'Wheelers Dwarf' Platanus X acerifolia cvs. Platycladus orientalis Plumbago auriculata (campense), Polygala myrtifolia Populus alba 'Pyramidalis' Populus X canadensis Populus nigra 'Italica' Prunus lauroceracus Prunus nigra pissardii Prunus spp ( ) Punica granatum Punica granatum 'Nana' Pyracantha spp. Quercus ilex Rhamnus alaternus Robinia pseudoacacia Rosa Rosmarinus officinalis Rosmarinus officinalis 'Prostratus' Salix spp. Salvia farinacea Salvia officinalis Santolina spp. Schinus molle Sophora japonica Spartium junceum Spiraea spp. Syringa vulgaris Thuja occidentalis, Trachelospermum jasminoides Verbena hybrids Viburnum odoratissimum Viburnum opulus Viburnum rhytidophyllum Viburnum tinus, Vitex agnus-castus Weigela florida Westringia fruiticosa (rosmariniformis) Yucca spp. 152
153 . Arbutus unedo Artemisia spp. ( ), Capparis spinosa Cedrus libani Ceratonia siliqua Cercis siliquastrum Cestrum sp Cistus spp. Citrus aurantium Cordyline sp Crataegus spp. Cupressus sempervirens Elaeagnus angustifolia, Elaeagnus pungens Euphorbia sp Ficus carica, Hedera helix Hibiscus syriacus Hypericum calycinum Laurus nobilis Lavandula spp. Ligustrum japonicum Myrtus communis T Olea europaea T Parkinsonia aculeata, Parthenocissus quinquefolia Pinus pinea Pistacia lentiscus Pistacia sp, Platanus orientalis Populus alba 'Pyramidalis' Populus X canadensis Punica granatum Pyracantha spp. Quercus ilex Rhamnus alaternus Rosa Rosmarinus officinalis Salix spp. Salvia farinacea Salvia officinalis Santolina spp. Schinus molle Syringa vulgaris, Vitex agnus-castus 153
154 154
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