First Industries Fund

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1 First Industries Fund First Industries is one of 19 programs in the June 2004 economic stimulus package. It provides $100 million for agriculture, and $50 million for tourism. Final guidelines were approved by the Commonwealth Financing Authority (CFA) in December 2004 and can be accessed at Funds flow to agriculture and tourism in three ways: Dedicated funding for the Small Business First program (SBF) Dedicated funding for the Machinery and Equipment Loan Fund (MELF) A loan guarantee program Production agriculture Agriculture processing Farmers markets Sale of farm commodities at wholesale Agribusiness Retail grocers (but not convenience stores) in rural and urban under-served areas Land, buildings, working capital, equipment, etc. per current SBF and MELF guidelines Implementing Best Management Practices Energy-related activities impacting production agriculture or agribusiness First Industries Fund

2 First Industries Fund Loan Guarantees First Industries Fund loan guarantees provide private lenders with a risk management tool, and agricultural borrowers access to private credit sources at potentially lower-risk rates and terms. Once the lender and the loan are approved by the Commonwealth Financing Authority (CFA), lenders receive a certificate from the CFA promising to repay the loan at 50 cents on the dollar if it turns out that the borrower cannot repay. The total pay-off cannot exceed $2.5 million. Lenders may either enroll in the First Industries Fund program in advance or receive approval from the CFA with their first application. Advance enrollments allow faster processing for individual loans, since the lender s track record has already been examined by the CFA. Any individual or company eligible for First Industries Fund can apply to the CFA for a loan guarantee, or a private lender can apply to the CFA on its borrower s behalf. Any lender that is a commercial bank or savings & loan association can enroll in the loan guarantee program. AgChoice and Mid-Atlantic Farm Credit currently are not eligible for guarantees per statutory definitions. LOAN GUARANTEE CONDITIONS The total amount of the guarantee may not exceed 50 percent of the outstanding principal amount of the lending institution loan at any point in time, or $2.5 million, whichever is less. The CFA shall review the application to determine all of the following: 1. The project must meet one of the following criteria to proceed: That the borrower previously had been awarded a planning grant under the First Industries Fund program for the same project; or That the project is an agriculture or agriculture-related project and at least $1 million of private funds will be invested in the project. 2. The value of the proposed collateral for the loan in sufficient to cover the full amount of the loan. First Industries Fund Loan Guarantees

3 Small Business First Small Business First (SBF) is one of two loan programs which are part of the First Industries Fund. It provides a portion of the financing for construction and acquisition of land and buildings as well as machinery and equipment purchases. Small businesses (100 employees or less), which are in: Production agriculture Agriculture processing Farmers markets Agribusinesses Land and building acquisition, construction and renovations Machinery and equipment purchases and upgrades Working capital Loans up to $200,000 or 50 percent of total eligible project costs, whichever is less Maximum loan amount for working capital is $100,000 or 50 percent of total eligible project costs, whichever is less Up to 15-year term for land and buildings Up to 10-year term for machinery and equipment Up to 3-year term for working capital For processors, create/save one job per $25,000 of loan LOAN GUARANTEE CONDITIONS Please contact us at PAgrows or visit us on the web at for the current low interest rate. A project whose land is enrolled in a farmland preservation program or an Agricultural Security Area or a project involving urban or rural supermarkets may receive a 1 percent reduction in the interest rate normally assessed for SBF loans, but the interest rate to be applied may not be less than 2 percent. Small Business First

4 Machinery and Equipment Loan Fund The Machinery and Equipment Loan Fund is one of two loan programs which are part of the First Industries Fund. It provides a portion of the financing to acquire and install new or used machinery and equipment and for upgrading existing machinery and equipment. Production agriculture Agricultural processing Farmers markets Agribusiness Wholesale Retail grocery Machinery and equipment acquisition and upgrading Dairy cattle Fruit and nut trees Related engineering and installation costs directly related to the operations or processes Loans up to $5 million or 50 percent of the total eligible project costs, whichever is less. Up to 10-year term, depending upon the useful life of the machinery being financed For processors, create/save one job per $25,000 of loan INTEREST RATE Please contact us at PAgrows or visit us on the web at for the current low interest rate. A project whose land is enrolled in a farmland preservation program or an Agricultural Security Area or a project involving urban or rural supermarkets may receive a 1 percent reduction in the interest rate normally assessed for the Machinery and Equipment Loan Fund (MELF) loans, but the interest rate to be applied may not be less than 2 percent. Machinery and Equipment Loan Fund

5 Next Generation Farmer Loan Program The Next Generation Farmer Loan Program encourages lenders to finance beginning farmers by allocating a portion of the Commonwealth s private activity bond volume cap to first-time farmer projects. The loan is made at the lender s credit standards and other terms and conditions. However, because the program exempts the lender from paying federal, state, or county income taxes on the interest it would earn from the loan, the lender can offer a lower interest rate. Beginning farmers at least 18 years old with no prior ownership of substantial farmland where the parcel is not valued in excess of $125,000, and whose net worth does not exceed $400,000 or $800,000 as a partnership. Land and improvements, and other depreciable assets such as machinery and equipment. May be used between a borrower and lender for a loan to make a direct purchase of a farm and agricultural machinery and equipment or between a buyer and seller for a contract purchase. Purchase by contract from a related person is permissible under the program, under certain conditions. The total loan proceeds allocated to the purchase price of used equipment may not exceed $62,500; otherwise, the maximum loan amount is $250,000. Due to the nature of the loan, terms for the loan along with any additional conditions will be at the discretion of the individual lender and will depend on the type of project as well as any other factors the lender may deem appropriate. INTEREST RATE Interest rates are set by the individual lender and can often be negotiated lower than current interest rates because of the nature of the loan. Actual interest rates are negotiated between borrowers and lenders, or buyers and sellers in the case of contract sales. Neither the nor the Department of Community and Economic Development dictates interest rates in this program. Next Generation Farmer Loan Program

6 Small Business Administration 504 The CDC/504 loan program, part of the federal Small Business Administration (SBA), is a long-term financing tool for economic development within a community. The 504 Program provides growing businesses with long-term, fixed-rate financing for major fixed assets, such as land and buildings. A Certified Development Company (CDC) is a nonprofit corporation set up to contribute to the economic development of its community. CDCs work with the SBA and private-sector lenders to provide financing to small businesses. There are about 270 CDCs nationwide. Each CDC covers a specific geographic area go to to find one near you. Any for-profit small business with a net worth less than $7.5 million and profit after tax less than $2.5 million. Land acquisition, site improvements, acquisition of existing buildings, building renovation, leasehold improvements, new construction, machinery and equipment with a useful life of at least 10 years, and certain soft costs, such as engineering fees, architectural fees, appraisal fees, and environmental fees. Loans may not be used for working capital, debt consolidation, refinancing, venture capital, or investment purposes. The gross amount of the loan can be up to $1.5 million for regular loans, $2 million for Public Policy Goal loans, and $4 million for small manufacturers, or 40 percent of the total eligible project costs, whichever is less. Additional equity requirements will reduce the SBA participation amount. Ten years for machinery and equipment, 20 years for real estate. INTEREST RATE Interest rates on 504 loans are pegged to an increment above the current market rate for five-year and 10-year U.S. Treasury issues. Maturities of 10 and 20 years are available. Fees total approximately 3 percent of the debenture and may be financed with the loan. LOAN GUARANTEE CONDITIONS One job to be created or in some cases retained for every $50,000 of net SBA 504 funds in the project within two years of disbursement. If the project involves a small manufacturer, the criteria is one job for every $100,000. Small Business Administration 504

7 USDA FSA Direct Loans Direct farm loans are made by FSA with government funds. The FSA also services these loans and provides their Direct Loan customers with supervision and credit counseling so they have a better chance for success. Farm Ownership, Operating, Emergency, and Youth loans are the main types of loans available under the Direct program. Direct Loan funds are also set aside each year for loans to minority applicants and beginning farmers. A Direct loan applicant must: have sufficient education, training, or experience in managing and operating a farm or ranch that demonstrates the managerial ability needed to succeed in farming. be a citizen of the United States (or legal resident alien), which includes Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and certain former Pacific Trust Territories. have the legal capacity to incur the obligations of the loan. be unable to obtain credit elsewhere. have an acceptable credit history. be the operator or tenant operator of a family farm after the loan is closed. For a Farm Ownership Loan, the producer must also own the farm. For an Operating or Emergency Loan, the producer need only be the operator. not have had a previous loan which resulted in a loss to the Agency (with certain exceptions). not be delinquent on any federal debt. Corporations, cooperatives, joint operations, and partnerships and their members/ stakeholders must meet these same eligibility requirements, and the entity must also be authorized to operate a farm or ranch in the state where the land is located. Farm Ownership Loans Direct Farm Ownership (FO) Loans may be made to purchase farmland, construct or repair buildings and other fixtures, and develop farmland to promote soil and water conservation. Operating Loans Direct Operating Loans (OL) may be used for livestock, farm equipment, feed, seed, fuel, farm chemicals, insurance, and other operating expenses. Operating Loans can also be used to pay for minor improvements to buildings, costs associated with land and water development, and family living expenses. USDA FSA Direct Loans

8 USDA FSA Direct Loans The maximum amount for a Direct Farm Ownership or Farm Operating Loan is $200,000. Repayment terms vary according to the type of loan made, the collateral securing the loan, and the producer s ability to repay. OLs are normally repaid within seven years and FO loans cannot exceed 40 years. INTEREST RATE The interest rates for Direct Loans are adjusted periodically based on the federal government s cost of borrowing. Current interest rates can be found at A lower interest rate is available for producers with limited resources. Loans to limited resource producers are reviewed periodically to adjust the interest rate based on repayment ability. FEES To process a Direct Loan application, FSA requires the loan applicant to pay a credit report fee. In addition, if a loan is made, the producer pays the fees charged for lien searches and for filing and recording security instruments. TYPES OF DIRECT LOANS Beginning Farmer and Rancher Loans FSA targets a portion of Direct Loan funds to beginning farmers and ranchers who are unable to obtain financing from commercial credit sources. Downpayment Farm Ownership Loans for Beginning Farmers FSA has a special Downpayment Farm Ownership Loan Program to help beginning farmers and ranchers purchase a farm or ranch. This program also provides a way for retiring farmers to transfer their land to a future generation of farmers and ranchers. Loans to Socially Disadvantaged Farmers/Ranchers FSA reserves Direct Loan funds each year to help socially disadvantaged applicants buy and operate family-size farms and ranches. Each of these loan types have additional requirements that can be found by visiting

9 USDA FSA Guaranteed Loans FSA guaranteed loans provide lenders (e.g., banks, Farm Credit System institutions, credit unions) with a guarantee of up to 95 percent of the loss of principal and interest on a loan. Farmers and ranchers apply to an agricultural lender, which then arranges for the guarantee. The FSA guarantee permits lenders to make agricultural credit available to farmers who do not meet the lender s normal underwriting criteria. To qualify for an FSA Guarantee, a loan applicant must: be a citizen of the United States (or legal resident alien), which includes Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and certain former Pacific Trust Territories. have an acceptable credit history as determined by the lender. have the legal capacity to incur the obligations of the loan. be unable to obtain a loan without a guarantee. not have caused FSA a loss by receiving debt forgiveness on more than three occasions. be the owner or tenant operator of a family farm after the loan is closed. For an OL, the producer must be the operator of a family farm after the loan is closed. For an FO loan, the producer must also own the farm. not be delinquent on any federal debt. Entities (corporations, cooperatives, joint operations, partnerships, trusts, and limited liability companies) and their members/stockholders must meet these same eligibility requirements. The entity must also be authorized to operate a farm or ranch in the state where the land is located. Farm Ownership Loans Guaranteed Farm Ownership (FO) Loans may be made to purchase farmland, construct or repair buildings and other fixtures, develop farmland to promote soil and water conservation, or refinance debt. Operating Loans Guaranteed Operating Loans (OL) may be used for livestock, farm equipment, feed, seed, fuel, farm chemicals, insurance, and other operating expenses. Operating Loans can also be used to pay for minor improvements to buildings, costs associated with land and water development, and family living expenses, and to refinance debts under certain conditions. FSA can guarantee Operating Loans or Farm Ownership Loans up to $899,000 (amount adjusted annually based on inflation). USDA FSA Guaranteed Loans

10 USDA FSA Guaranteed Loans Repayment terms vary according to the type of loan made, the collateral securing the loan, and the producer s ability to repay. OLs are normally repaid within seven years and FO loans cannot exceed 40 years. INTEREST RATE The Guaranteed Loan interest rate and payment terms are negotiated between the lender and the borrower. Interest rates on these loans may not exceed the rate charged the lender s average farm customer. In addition, under the Interest Assistance Program, the FSA will subsidize 4 percent of the interest rate on loans to qualifying borrowers. FEES For most loans, FSA charges a guarantee fee of 1 percent of the guaranteed portion of the loan. This fee may be passed on to the borrower. The guarantee fee is waived for: Interest assistance loans. Loans where more than 50 percent of the loan funds are used to pay off direct FSA loan debt. Loans in conjunction with a Downpayment Farm Ownership Loan program for beginning farmers or a qualifying state beginning farmer program. This fee waiver does not extend to all beginning farmers. SECONDARY MARKETS The secondary market for USDA-guaranteed loans is a key feature of the guaranteed lending program. The lender may resell the guaranteed portion of the loan to an interested party. The interested party then becomes the holder of the loan, but the original lender must retain the loan servicing responsibilities. Investors looking for safe investments with a reasonable return are attracted to these loans because of the government s full Faith and Credit guarantee against default. The existence of the secondary market makes guaranteed loan notes more liquid. By reselling the guaranteed portions, lenders reduce interest rate exposure, increase their lending capabilities, and generate fees. The existence of the secondary market is a strong inducement for lenders to become involved in guaranteed lending. Selling the guaranteed portion of the loan to other investors offers a number of advantages, including: Reduced Interest Rate Risk. Lenders can transfer risk of interest rate increases on the guaranteed portion of a fixed rate loan. Increased Liquidity. Selling the loan on the secondary market frees the funds for additional lending or investing activity. Increased Lending or Investing Capabilities. Since the guaranteed portion of the loan is generally not applied against a bank s lending limit, it can be used to expand lending capabilities. Increased Return on Investment. The sale of the guaranteed portion of the loan in the secondary market increases the lender s overall return on investment. Each time a bank sells a guaranteed portion, it generally retains a servicing fee. Rates and Terms. Lender may be able to offer the producer more flexible repayment terms, as well as fixed and/or reduced interest rates to improve cash flow.