Water Security Issues: The Federal Perspective. J. Alan Roberson, P.E. Director of Security and Regulatory Affairs AWWA Washington, DC

Transcription

1 Water Security Issues: The Federal Perspective J. Alan Roberson, P.E. Director of Security and Regulatory Affairs AWWA Washington, DC

2 Outline The Overall Concept for Water Security What s Important in Water Security DHS is starting to make a real impact Water Sector Coordinating Council How Important is Water as a Critical Infrastructure? Contamination as Opposed to Other Threats Security Guidelines and/or Standards What the Future Might Hold in Store

3 The Overall Concept Water security starts at the local level Utility Vulnerability Assessment (VA) and Emergency Response Plan (ERP) are site-specific Water and wastewater now considered one of the lifeline sectors Local community is responsible for response and recovery (return to normal operations) State called if needs are greater than resources Feds called if needs are greater than resources

4 The Drivers for the Federal Role Bioterrorism Act Patriot Act Defined critical infrastructure Homeland Security Act of 2002 Defined key resources Separate from legislation Homeland Security Presidential Directives Require Agency Actions

5 Homeland Security Presidential Directives HSPD-5: Management of Domestic Incidents National Incident Management System (NIMS) National Response Plan (NRP) HSPD-7: Critical Infrastructure Identification, Prioritization and Protection National Infrastructure Protection Plan (NIPP) Sector Specific Plans (SSP) HSPD-8: Nat l Preparedness HSPD-9: Defense of Ag & Food HSPD-10: Biodefense for the 21 st Century

6 Water Sector Coordinating Council Purpose is to provide policy input to DHS and EPA on water security issues Established in 2004 Getting the word out Working to provide input on ongoing DHS & EPA activities NIPP, SPP, & metrics 8 water and wastewater organizations AWWA and AMWA WEF and NACWA AwwaRF and WERF NRWA NAWC 2 from each organization plus DC staff

7 HSPD-5 & NIMS National Incident Management System (NIMS) standardizes Incident Command System (ICS) at a Federal level and encourages State/Local use Unified approach to incident management Standard command and management structures Emphasis on preparedness, mutual aid and resource management Have to be NIMS-compliant for DHS funding NIMS training

8 HSPD-5 & National Response Plan National Response Plan (NRP) is an all-discipline, all-hazards plan to organize the Federal response to domestic incidents Base Plan with Emergency Support Function (ESF) annexes for specific functions Foundation of four principles Prevention Preparedness Response Recovery

9 HSPD-5 & NRP (cont.) NRP Finalized in December 2004 Revision underway this year 1 st Field Trial - Hurricane Katrina Water & Wastewater ESF 3 Public Works (USACE lead) ESF 8 Public Health (HHS lead) ESF 10 Oil/Hazardous Materials (EPA lead)

10 HSPD-7 & NIPP and SSP National Infrastructure Protection Plan All hazards Unified approach Structure How do we measure effectiveness? Not an easy question to answer 2 nd version-june 06 Sector Specific Plan One for each critical infrastructure sector Partnership with Sector Specific Agency EPA lead for water Metrics from each sector will feed into NIPP Roadmap for the sector EPA & utilities

11 Four Goals of the Water SSP Sustain protection of public health and the environment Recognize and reduce risks in the water sector Maintain a resilient infrastructure Increase communication, outreach, and public confidence

12 Water Security Metrics Ongoing effort to develop metrics How do you measure water security From a utility perspective? From the federal perspective? DHS wants to measure security effectiveness across all sectors

13 HSPD-8 & Nat l Preparedness Goal Purpose is to help entities at all levels of government develop and maintain the capabilities to prevent, respond to, and recover from major events or Incidents of National Significance Key Priority: Expand regional collaboration through mutual aid agreements and assistance compacts (WARNs)

14 Technologies Versus Response What is the appropriate funding balance between security technologies and response and recovery? Still unsure of greatest threat Systems are distributed Can t protect it all All-hazards response approach

15 WARN Networks What are we trying to accomplish? To leverage the success and lessons learned from existing intrastate mutual aid & assistance networks to support the formation of state-level Water/Wastewater Agency Response Networks (WARNs) CalWARN & FlaWARN TxWARN LaWARN

16 Drivers

17 Utilities Helping Utilities Joint Policy Statement 8 major water organizations Encourages the creation of intrastate mutual aid & assistance networks Provides for greater water sector resiliency against natural or manmade incidents

18 Top-Down, Bottom-Up The Federal Strategy National Incident Management System (NIMS) National Response Plan (NRP) National Preparedness Goal (NPG) National Infrastructure Protection Plan (NIPP) The Local Strategy Vulnerability Assessments Emergency Response Plans Mutual Aid & Assistance Agreements

19 The Federal Strategy

20 WARN Networks AWWA report on starting a state-level network Ten step process Appendices with samples Next steps Facilitating workshops Best response practices

21 How Important is Water? What sectors does water depend on? Primarily power & chemical What sectors depend on water? More than you might initially think Basic sanitation and fire fighting In a true denial of service scenario, every business would shut down The big 3-power, water, telecommunications

22 What Are the Threats to Water? Denial of service Physical destruction Cyber hacking Contamination May or may not be readily apparent Natural disasters Accidents Don t know the greatest Limited intelligence

23 What is Your Objective in Monitoring? HSPD-9 says to develop a capability to recognize threats, which is never defined but may mean any or all of the following:

24 Questions for the Decision Maker What is the objective of a contamination warning system? What are the appropriate monitoring technologies? Where do we put the monitors and how often do we monitor? How do we integrate and analyze the indicator data? What would constitute an alarm? What do we do when the alarm goes off?

25 CWS Requires a Systems Approach Source(s) Collection Analysis Alarm Response

26 Security Guidelines and/or Standards EPA partnered with three associations to develop voluntary security guidelines AWWA water supply, treatment, and distribution systems WEF wastewater and storm water collection and treatment ASCE online contaminant monitoring systems Released in December 2004

27 Guidelines Versus Standards Only standards so far are for the chemical sector resulting from the Chemical Security Act But many guidelines are being developed on a wide variety of issues And some could ultimately evolve into standards depending on legislation Chlorine gas is the issue for water sector

28 Recap What s Important in Water Security from the Federal Perspective How Important is Water as a Critical Infrastructure? Contamination Versus Other Threats Security Guidelines and/or Standards Questions?