The Realities of Disaster Recovery: How the Japan Data Center Council is Successfully Operating in the Aftermath of the Earthquake
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1 Data Center Dynamics in San Francisco June 2011 The Realities of Disaster Recovery: How the Japan Data Center Council is Successfully Operating in the Aftermath of the Earthquake June 30, 2011 ATSUSHI YAMANAKA: Japan Data Center Council (JDCC): ZEN KISHIMOTO: AltaTerra Research: 1 JDCC Introduction Agenda 3.11 Disaster Overview Indirect Effects of 3.11 What Really Happened to Japanese Data Center Industry What s Next? Lessons Learned Future JDCC Action Q&A
2 JDCC Introduction Established in Dec Corporate & Academic Members Working closely with METI, TGG, GIPC, ASPIC etc Disaster Overview 4
3 3.11 Disaster Overview 3 Major Elements of Disaster 1)Earthquake 2)Tsunami 3)Nuke Trouble caused caused 5 Earthquake Mainly Affected; 3.11 Disaster Overview -Tohoku Region -Kanto Region Intensity Differs by Regions Intensity Scale Tohoku Kanto Hypocenter Source: The Meteorological Agency
4 3.11 Disaster Overview Earthquake with High Intensity (5+ to 7) -Iwate -Miyagi (Sendai) -Fukushima -Ibaraki Pacific Ocean Side with High Intensity Source: The Meteorological Agency Nigata Gunma Saitama Tokyo Intensity Scale Akita Yamagata Fukushima Tochigi Ibaraki Chiba Pref Iwate Miyagi Earthquake 3.11 Disaster Overview Tokyo meanwhile (5- to 5+) Relatively Lower Intensity Source: The Meteorological Agency Intensity Scale
5 3.11 Disaster Overview Tsunami Rikuzen-takata City Before After Coast with Large Tsunami (10m+) Tokyo Source: Port and Airport Research Institute Nuke Trouble 3.11 Disaster Overview Seriously damaged Coast with Large Tsunami (10m+) Tokyo Source: Greenpeace
6 Indirect Effects of 3.11 Disaster 11 Electric Power Shortage Indirect Effects of Earthquake Nuclear & Thermal Power Plants Stopped Great Portion of Power Generation Capacity Lost Rolling Blackouts (3/11-3/15) Only for Pre-planned areas Stable so far, Pumped-up hydro activated 12
7 Indirect Effects of Earthquake Temporary Shortage of Various Products Tohoku Region: many factories damaged Logistic Stopped or Delayed Products were Assigned according to Priority Temporary Heavy Shortage in; Fuels Power Cables Products with Semi-Conductors inc. Servers 13 What Really Happened to Japanese Data Center Industry? 14
8 What Really Happened to Japanese Data Center Industry Reported DC Damages Surprisingly No Critical Damages reported so far Common minor damage reported: Non critical cracks on painted wall surface 15 What Really Happened to Japanese Data Center Industry Why No Critical Damages in DCs? 16
9 What Really Happened to Japanese Data Center Industry Earthquake-proof Building Stringent building code Required by Law DCs are Designed to be Above the Law Earthquake Proof Technology M&Es/Racks are firmly bolted to Building 17 What Really Happened to Japanese Data Center Industry Source: Shimizu corporation 18
10 What Really Happened to Japanese Data Center Industry DC-concentrated Regions JP DCs are mainly located in Kanto & Kansai regions No major commercial DCs in Tohoku Regions Predicted dangers in Tohoku, with coastline risk 9% Others 72% 19% Kanto(34% Tokyo) Kansai Source: Data Center Complete Guide Tsunami Hazard Map Aomori Tohoku Region Akita Yamagata Fukishima Iwate Miyagi Yamanashi Gunma Saitama Tokyo Kanagawa Tochigi Ibaraki Chiba Kanto Region Source: The Geospatial Information Authority of Japan
11 Large Earthquake Probability Map Probability 26%or more 6~26% 3~6% 0.1~3% ~0.1% Probability that a Large earthquake (six or more in seismic intensity) happens within 30 years Source: J-SHIS Generators/UPS Worked Readiness Regular Drill Own fire-fighting organization Education and Licensing Live with Earthquake What Really Happened to Japanese Data Center Industry 22
12 What Really Happened to Japanese Data B 社 Center Industry 3/11 Earthquake strikes Walk checking in DC: Service, equipment, facility with no damage comfermed. Walk checking in DC: Service, equipment, facility with no damage comfermed. Decision to test 3.11 task force started generators Portion of DC area for stand by. Walk checking in DC: Service, equipment, facility with no damage comfermed. 3/12 3/13 3/14 Product shortage Rolling blackout Emergency generators for testing DC in blackout region. Fuel refil for generators Announced to Customers Emergency generators for testing Emergency generators for testing 3/15 Shift work for engineers started DC in blackout region. Fuel refil for generators 3/25 Power shortage to summer announced 4/22 JDCC/METI dission 6/1 DC for ease of regulation A B C 23 What Really Happened to Japanese Data Center Industry JDCC s Action for Power Shortage 24
13 What Really Happened to Japanese Data Center Industry Electric Power Shortage for Summer Original Pre-announcement from Gov. Compulsory Power Usage Limitation by law(a.k.a Chapter27) Premises with 500kW or above use MUST cut daytime power use by 15% compared to that of last year Heavy fines for Violators ($12,500 per hour of violation) ===Unique circumstances for DCs in general:=== More Power Usage than Last Year, especially for Young DCs Many Companies moved servers to DCs after 3.11 Too much risk for daily use of Emergency Generators Many DCs already optimized cooling and maximized for efficiency DCs physically cannot follow the original plan from gov. JDCC stood up for seeking solution 25 Electric Power Shortage in Summer What Really Happened to Japanese Data Center Industry Showed all technically possible ways of power saving with associated risks to Gov. Showed how DCs actually contribute power saving in macroscopic view to Gov. Showed power breakdown data & analysis to Gov., showing there is not much room for saving. Published Power Saving Manual, distributed free for DCs to encourage every possible power saving we can. Finally DCs are designated for Easing of Regulation DCs are obliged to save 0%, 5%, 10% or 15% depending on Last year s rate of change in power usage (Flatter the better for DCs) 26
14 What s Next? 27 What s Next? Electric Power Saving Order from Government in Effect So called Chapter 27 will be in effect on July 1 The regulation will be in effect through this summer If fails, pre-planned blackout happens again for some regions DCs are all on alert this summer with efforts on power saving Tohoku region 9/9 Kanto region 9/22 7/1/2011 8/1 9/1 10/1 Source: Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry 28
15 What s Next? Possibility of Long-term Power Shortage If power generation capacity cannot recover by next summer, Chapter 27 will be in effect again next year again It depends on restarting nationwide nuke power plant To minimize risks, de-concentration of DCs accelerating Nuclear Power(29.4%) Ratio of nuclear power generation to total power generation Source: Agency for Natural Resources and Energy Source: IDC Japan 29 What s Next? Redesigning of BCP/DRP Most companies had certain level of BCP/DRP However, many Unexpected & Underestimate existed Redesigning of BCP/DRP with lessons learned from
16 Lessons Learned Unexpected & Underestimated 31 Lessons Learned Communication Difficulties; tools worked and not worked Tools worked SNS: Web: Satellite Phone Twitter, Facebook, etc. ( spreader of rumors as a byproduct) Message Board Tools NOT worked Fixed line Tel: Saturation / Call Limitation / Line Cut Mobile Phone: Saturation / Call Limitation / Antenna Trouble SMS: Long Delivery Delay Long Delivery Delay 32
17 Transportation; Lessons Learned NOT worked Train: Bus/Car: Stopped Heavy Traffic, Highway Closed Many Unable to Go Home or Office 33 Lessons Learned Goods Needed but difficult to obtain Fuels for generator: Priority of Priority contract problem Power Cable: Servers: Logistic Delay due to traffic Priority given for Tohoku region (Made in JP) Factories damaged Needed but unexpected Accommodation: People unable to go home (Many customers visited DCs) 34
18 Lessons Learned Other Unexpected & Underestimated Announcement to DC customers / Countermeasure to inquiries What/When/How/Who Action to avoid heavy workload to facility engineers Communication upon emergency Cooperation needs with Western DCs Fuel refill securement Procedure to cope with for long-term power shortage Countermeasure to possible power price hike Action guideline for nuke trouble / radiation General reinforcement of BCP as a whole 35 Future JDCC Action 36
19 Future JDCC Action JDCC s Next Action More detailed survey planned after this summer on 3.11 effects for DCs Wish to share with overseas Please tell me for Things you want to know more 37 Wrap Up 38
20 Wrap Up No Critical Damage for DCs so far Compulsory Power Usage Limitation (Chapter 27) in Effect DCs are given Easing of Regulation JDCC Power Saving Manual BCP/DRP not Enough Many unexpected and underestimated Acceleration of De-concentration of DCs (to western JP) Hoping what we experienced from 3.11 would be in any way useful to DC operators in the US where they face earthquake risks like us 39 Thank You For listening, For helping Japan for recovery, & For all your thoughts and prayers for Japan About JDCC: For general inquiry, contact: Contact Yamanaka at: 40
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