Pennsylvania Pharmacists Association Educational Foundation. Pharmacists Advancing Patient Care 2016 Grant Application

Transcription

1 Pennsylvania Pharmacists Association Educational Foundation 508 North Third Street, Harrisburg, PA Phone: Fax: Pharmacists Advancing Patient Care 2016 Grant Application It is recommended that you save this form to your computer and then type your information directly into the form. Handwritten applications will not be accepted. Please note there is an optional pre-submission recorded webinar with general information and application instructions on the PPA website under Foundation and Grant Program. For 2016: The PPA Educational Foundation encourages the submission of grants that investigate, demonstrate, document, measure or otherwise explore the value of pharmacist involvement in the Patient Centered Medical Home (PCMH), Accountable Care Organizations(ACOs) or other innovative models of collaboration. Of particular interest to the Foundation, are the following aspects related to the business model of embedding a pharmacist in the PCMH/ACO: productivity, ROI, payment, and/or quality outcomes/measures. This focus does not preclude applications of another topic or project. Title of Project: The Pharmacist s Perception of Electronic Cigarettes Total Amount requested (Maximum is $1,000): $1000 (Be sure to see the information on your submitted budget and what may be included) PRIMARY APPLICANT - PERSONAL PROFILE Name (include designations): Alana Grabigel, PharmD Candidate 2016 Current PPA member: *Membership as a PPA Member is required Applicants may reside in another state, but your primary practice location must be in Pennsylvania. Years in Practice: 4 (Pharmacy school PY4 student); Excepted graduation May 2016 Current Position: Student Pharmacist Years at Current Site: 4 years 1 PPA Educational Foundation Grant Application

2 Name of Practice: Duquesne University Mylan School of Pharmacy Pharmacy Practice Telephone: Cell phone: Preferred Address: Preferred Mailing Address: Work: Home: Home Address: 120 S. 12 th Street City: Pittsburgh State: PA Zip Code: Work Address: 316 Bayer Learning Center, 600 Forbes Ave City: Pittsburgh State: PA Zip Code: Pharmacy Practice Web site: Co-applicants/investigator(s): (Please list names and s) Lauren E. Wolfe, Pharm.D.; and Jamie L. McConaha, PharmD, CGP, BCACP; Note: Students and Pharmacy Technicians must have a faculty or pharmacist member also complete this cover application including signature. Students should use their school as the practice site and years at practice site as years in pharmacy school, noting intended graduation date. PPA Educational Foundation Board of Directors may not be grant applicants or coapplicants/co-investigators PRACTICE PROFILE Type of practice setting: Independent: Clinic: Managed Care: Home Health Care: Chain (4 or more pharmacies under same ownership): Hospital Outpatient: Consultant: Other: Click here to enter text. Number of Pharmacists: Three Number of Pharmacy Technicians: Five Average Prescription: (volume/week)(if applicable) : ~1,500 prescriptions/week 2 PPA Educational Foundation Grant Application

3 Describe the population your practice serves: My current practice site serves a working class population. List any special or unique clinical services currently offered at your practice: My practice site has programs in place to help encourage compliance to maintenance medications. First-fill counseling points are also provided. PROJECT PROPOSAL Please attach a typed description outlining, in detail, your proposal regarding your proposed innovative patient care service. Your description must address each of the following areas limiting your response to 4 pages. The four page limit does not include the attachment outlined in the final bullet point or this cover application. General project description (please include how you believe this will advance the practice of pharmacy) Project objectives and evaluation strategy Methods to be utilized Timetable for the project Budget Include total project budget outlining specific funds being requested for this grant.* Attachments: Supporting documents (not included in the 4 page limit) These would include samples of any assessment tool(s, survey(s), or patient materials you plan to utilize If these are not fully developed include basic structure and plan. Note: Applications that request funds for capital/equipment items, medication purchases, or for administrative related expenses such as salaries or travel expenses will not be considered. In order to be sure we receive your full application, please provide the following information: Total descriptive pages in addition to this application form: Six List each of the additional attachments: Appendix A: Pharmacist Survey If this is a student or pharmacy technician application be sure to include the additional cover application for the pharmacist co-applicant and check here: 3 PPA Educational Foundation Grant Application

4 SIGNATURE The information I have provided in support of this application is complete and correct to the best of my knowledge. I have read the accompanying Grant Announcement and am aware of all requirements for participation. If selected to receive a PPA Educational Foundation Grant, I agree to provide the Foundation with a final report and to permit publication of these reports in related publications. Payment of the final half of the grant is contingent upon receipt of the report. Please insert an electronic signature file or print, sign, scan, and send. If this is not feasible, print your name below, for inclusion on the electronic submission and then print a copy of this last page, actually sign and fax just this last page to Alana Grabigel October 31, 2015 Signature Date Deadline: November 1, 2015 This application is to be ed to: PPA Educational Foundation foundation@papharmacists.com Please learn more about the PPA Educational Foundation and the work we are doing at Upon receipt of your application, a confirmation receipt will be sent to you by . It is your responsibility as the applicant to verify such receipt. If you do not receive a confirmation of receipt within 72 hours, it is your obligation to follow-up to assure there was not an issue and that your application was, in fact, received. 4 PPA Educational Foundation Grant Application

5 THE PHARMACIST S PERCEPTION OF ELECTRONIC CIGARETTES Project Proposal for PPA Educational Foundation Grant 2016 Background/General Project Description Electronic cigarettes, also known as e-cigarettes, are a type of electronic nicotine delivery system that has been increasing in popularity among adults and adolescents in recent years. In 2007, e-cigarettes were introduced to the US market without FDA regulation. While manufacturers of e-cigarettes may advertise their product as a form of smoking cessation, there is insufficient evidence to support this claim. The long-term outcomes of e-cigarettes remain unknown, and little data exists concerning associated adverse effects. It is important that pharmacists and other healthcare professionals be mindful of the practice of e-cigarette use and provide the appropriate education to their patients. While the number of conventional cigarette smokers in the US continues to decrease, it appears that the opposite is true with e-cigarette users. Since 2010, there has been an increase in the use of e-cigarettes, which has corresponded with an increase in the product s marketing. Although representative national data is limited, surveys show that from 2010 through 2013, the number of first-time users of e-cigarettes increased from 3.3% to 8.5% in adults. 1 In the adolescent population, similar trends have also been seen. From 2011 to 2014, the use of e- cigarettes increased from 1.5% to13.4% in high school students and from 0.6% to 3.9% in middle school students. 2,3 Among cancer patients, a study indicated that rates of use have increased from 10.6% (2012) to 38.5% (2013). 4 Most adult and adolescent users of e-cigarettes concurrently smoke conventional cigarettes. During 2013, 76.8% of the people who had recently tried e-cigarettes also were smokers of conventional cigarettes. 5 Adults have also reported using e-cigarettes as a cessation tool and as a safer alternative to traditional cigarettes. Data has shown conflicting results when evaluating the use of e-cigarettes as a cessation device. A recent longitudinal study reported that daily users of e-cigarettes were 6 times as likely as non-users to report quitting. 6 In contrast, a study conducted on cancer patients who were enrolled in a tobacco cessation program indicated that patients who used e-cigarettes were twice as likely to be smoking at follow-up as compared with their counterparts that did not use e-cigarettes. 7 Another reported finding of a study supported the premise that e-cigarette users were also more nicotine dependent. 1 The FDA and the American Lung Association support the use of the seven approved therapies in combination with counseling as the most effective way to help patients achieve smoking cessation. These associations do not support the use of e-cigarettes. 8 Pharmacist involvement is vital to successful smoking cessation and treatment of tobacco use. Pharmacists are accessible in all fields of practice to educate patients on the long-term risks of smoking and to encourage them to initiate the process that will lead them to a smoke-free life. 5 PPA Educational Foundation Grant Application

6 Pharmacists can help patients develop cessation plans and provide recommendations for lifestyle changes and pharmacologic therapies. Due to the increasing popularity of e-cigarettes, pharmacists will be called upon to serve as an informational resource for patients seeking advice on the product as well as a care provider for patients who use them. However, due to the lack of FDA regulation and the scarcity of clinical data, many pharmacists may be under-informed on e- cigarettes and their associated risks of use. An assessment of pharmacists perceptions of e-cigarettes supports the advancement of pharmacy practice by identifying gaps that may exist in product awareness, popularity of use and risks to patient health. This proactive assessment highlights the upward trend in e-cigarette use, and enhances patient care by presenting the topic in a forum that provides pharmacists the opportunity to become more familiar with the products when counseling patients. This survey promotes a better understanding of current opinions among pharmacists on e-cigarette products and provides consensus on whether further steps should be taken to increase product training and information dissemination. Study Objectives and Evaluation Strategy The objective of this study is to evaluate pharmacists perception and knowledge of e- cigarettes. Study benefits aim to also include an increase in recipient awareness of topic, as well as support for future FDA regulation of the product. The study objectives seek to assess pharmacists knowledge of e-cigarette products (including perceived safety and place in therapy as a smoking cessation aid), pharmacists level of comfort with counseling patients on e- cigarettes, and pharmacists collection of e-cigarette usage as a marker of tobacco status. Obtainment of the research objectives will be met through assessment of the following research questions: 1. Are pharmacists knowledgeable about e-cigarettes? 2. Are pharmacists observant of the increasing prevalence of e-cigarettes and the marketing tactics that target adolescents? 3. Are pharmacists aware of the lack of regulatory parameters associated with e- cigarette composition and manufacturing? 4. At what rate do pharmacists encounter patients that use e-cigarettes? 5. Do pharmacists ask about e-cigarette use when assessing a patient s smoking status, and if so, how do they quantify e-cigarette usage? 6. Are pharmacists aware of the adverse physiological effects associated with e- cigarette use? 7. Do pharmacists believe that e-cigarettes may be used as a cessation tool? 6 PPA Educational Foundation Grant Application

7 Methods This study will utilize a survey methodology. Surveys will be mailed to 400 pharmacists who have an active Pennsylvania pharmacy license and practice in the community pharmacy setting. Surveys will be distributed evenly throughout Pennsylvania in order to achieve an adequate geographic representation. The surveys will be dispersed equally between male and female pharmacists. Pharmacists mailing addresses will be obtained by purchasing a valid mailing list. The survey will encompass a variety of questions assessing the pharmacist s familiarity with e-cigarettes and their prevalence in the patient care setting. Surveys will be distributed for a time period of 3 months, or until 100 surveys are completed. To help increase participation in this educational assessment, a small gift card incentive ($5.00) will be mailed to each participant who completes and returns the survey. This survey can be referenced in Appendix A. One of the objectives of the survey is to provide information to pharmacists on the prevalence and safety of e-cigarettes. In order to achieve this objective, we will ask that any participant who is interested in receiving additional information on the topic provide an address. An educational handout outlining relevant counseling points on e-cigarettes will be provided to further improve awareness. Information collected from pharmacist s survey response will be analyzed utilizing descriptive and inferential statistics, as appropriate. Outcomes from this study include knowledge of e-cigarettes, level of comfort with counseling patients on e-cigarettes, and opinion on the use of e-cigarettes as a cessation tool. Timeline Activity Projected Date Survey distribution to community pharmacists January 11, 2016 Data collection occurs January-March 2016 Data analysis and manuscript preparation April 2016 Manuscript submission May 2016 Presentation to the Pennsylvania Pharmacists February 2017 Association Budget Summary Line Item* Survey Postage (400 x $0.49) $ Return Postage (400 x $0.49) $ Incentive (100 x $5.00) $ Pharmacist Mailing List $50.00 Incentive Mailing Postage $58.00 Total $ *Please see budget details below for specific line items. Requested from Grant 7 PPA Educational Foundation Grant Application

8 Budget Details Mailing: The total of each mailing will cost 49 cents, assuming each item will weigh 1 oz. Therefore mailing to 400 pharmacists in Pennsylvania will total $196.00, plus an additional $ in order to provide return postage. A mailing list of pharmacists will also need to be purchased, which will cost an estimated $ Any remaining funds will be used for postage to mail incentives to survey participants. Incentive: We would like to provide an incentive to ensure adequate participation in our study. Assuming a generous 25% response rate, we will send $5.00 to 100 participants, totaling $ Incentives will be in the form of gift cards provided to each pharmacist who participates by responding to and returning the survey. References: 1. Orellana-barrios MA, Payne D, Mulkey Z, Nugent K. Electronic Cigarettes A Narrative Review for Clinicians. Am J Med. 2015;128 (7): Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Notes from the field: electronic cigarette use among middle and high school students - United States, MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2013; 62: Arrazola RA, Singh T, Corey CG, et al. Tobacco use among middle and high school students - United States, MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2015; 64: Borderud SP, Li Y, Burkhalter JE, et al. Electronic cigarette use among patients with cancer: characteristics of electronic cigarette users and their smoking cessation outcomes. Cancer 2014; 120: Hajek P, Etter JF, Benowitz N, et al. Electronic cigarettes: review of use, content, safety, effects on smokers and potential for harm and benefit. Addiction 2014; 109: Biener L, Hargraves JL. A longitudinal study of electronic cigarette use in a population-based sample of adult smokers: association with smoking cessation and motivation to quit. Nicotine Tob Res. 2015;17(2): Borderud SP, Li Y, Burkhalter JE, Sheffer CE, Ostroff JS. Electronic cigarette use among patients with cancer: characteristics of electronic cigarette users and their smoking cessation outcomes. Cancer. 2014;120(22): E-cigarettes and Lung Health American Lung Association website. Updated March Accessed October 27, PPA Educational Foundation Grant Application

9 Appendix A: Pharmacist Survey Instructions: This survey is designed to collect information regarding the awareness of the use of electronic cigarettes. Please complete the following questions to the best of your knowledge. 1. Have you ever heard of electronic cigarettes, otherwise known as e-cigarettes, e-cigs, hookah pens, e-hookahs or vapor (vape) pipes? Yes No 2. How did you become aware of e-cigarettes? Internet/social media Friends/family/co-workers Patients Television/advertisement Other (please specify): 3. In the last five years, the reported use of e-cigarettes in adults and adolescents in the United States has? Increased Decreased Remained the same I don t know 4. Have you encountered patients that use e-cigarettes? Yes No 5. What is your confidence level on counseling a patient on e-cigarettes? Not confident at all Slightly confident Somewhat confident Fully Confident Do you believe that e-cigarettes can be used as a smoking cessation tool? Yes No I don t know 9 PPA Educational Foundation Grant Application

10 7. Are e-cigarettes addictive? Yes No I don t know 8. E-cigarettes are regulated by the FDA. True False 9. E-cigarettes are a safe alternative to conventional cigarettes. True False 10. Approximately how many different brands of e-cigarettes exist? > The amount of nicotine in e-liquid refills often is different from the amount listed on the package. True False 12. Which of the following are reported physiological effects of e-cigarette use? (Please check all that apply) Change in serum carbon monoxide level Increase in systolic blood pressure Increase in diastolic blood pressure Increase in heart rate Blood count changes (change in WBCs, lymphocytes, etc.) Decrease in exhaled nitric oxide Increase in respiratory impedances (a marker of airway flow resistance) Increase in airway resistance Your participation is greatly appreciated! If you would like to receive an electronic handout with counseling points on e-cigarettes, please provide an address below: 10 PPA Educational Foundation Grant Application