In Vitro Fertilization as a tool for the Genetics Improvement. History and Future Prospects.
|
|
- Aron Melton
- 8 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 In Vitro Fertilization as a tool for the Genetics Improvement. History and Future Prospects. Ovum pick up followed by embryo production procedure (OPU-IVP) is strongly driven by the need of the breeding industry to enhance genetic improvement in dairy or beef cattle specially after the advent of sexed semen. This has now become even more important with the introduction of Genomic Selection (GS) with the possibility to aspirate very young heifers and collect the biopsy direct from the embryo. So an extensive use and successful OPU-IVP program is desired in order to increase the number of embryos and offspring per donor which will subsequently allow an enhanced selection intensity for the next generation. In the last decade, fertilization emerged as an alternative to superovulation and has become the technique of choice for bovine embryo production, especially in zebu breeds (Viana et al., 2012). Overall, there was a 7% reduction in the number of flushes reported worldwide from 111,806 in 2008 to 104,282 in However, the number of IVP embryos was up by 47,000 (12%) from a year ago. Brazil was responsible for 68% of the IVP in this period. The number of IVP embryos transferred also showed a healthy 17% increase from 254,000 in 2008 to 307,000 in One factor that contributed to a decrease in the activity of cattle worldwide is the increase of embryo production, especially in South America according to IETS Statistics and Data Retrieval Committee Report In 2011 global in vivo bovine embryo transfers remain stable, while in vitro transfers increased for the sixth consecutive year according to IETS Statistics and Data Retrieval Committee Report The Brazilian IVEP industry Three different periods were characterized for the use of IVF technologies in the Brazilian embryo industry: 1) the early years ( ), when IVF growth was driven by the growing demand from the embryo market, although the technology was still labeled as elitist; 2) a period of exponential growth ( ), when IVF overcame conventional ET as the technique of choice for embryo production; and 3) a later period, when total numbers tended to stabilize but IVF started to increase in importance in dairy breeds. The whole picture shows IVF as an interesting example of innovation, since the development of these new embryo technologies provided new products, processes and possibilities to satisfy demands and remarkably change the scenario of the Brazilian embryo industry (Viana et al., 2012).
2 To investigate why the preferred means to produce bovine embryos in Brazil has changed from in vivo to in vitro, we compared these two approaches in the same Nelore cows (n = 30) and assessed total embryo production and pregnancy rates. Without a specific schedule, all cows were subjected to ultrasound-guided ovum pick up (OPU)/in vitro production (IVP) and MOET. Embryos obtained from both methods were transferred to crossbred heifers. We concluded that in Nelore cows, with an interval of 15 d between OPU/IVP procedures, it was possible to produce more embryos and pregnancies compared to conventional MOET (Pontes et al., 2009). Figure 1. Production of bovine embryos in Brazil, according to the technique employed, during the period of 1995 to ET: embryos produced by superovulation (conventional embryo transfer); : embryos produced in a (laboratory; IVEP). Despite the importance of Nelore as a beef breed well adapted to tropical areas, there is also a growing interest for Zebu dairy breeds, such as Gir considering their adaptability to produce large amounts of milk under stressful conditions, e.g. high temperature, parasites, and on poor pasture. These characteristics are maintained in Gir-Holstein crossbred animals, usually named Girolanda, which are popular dairy cattle in Central and South America, and potentially other tropical areas. Recently, the method for embryo production has been considered for Girolanda donors, due to the growing efficiency of using sexed sperm in IVF, which facilitates production of a large number of females for the dairy industry. We develop a study to investigate oocyte yield using OPU and embryo production with sexed sperm, and to determine pregnancy rates following extended transportation of embryos from
3 (Holstein), (Gir), and (Holstein " Gir) breeds. All results were obtained from In Vitro Brasil, a large commercial IVF production. A total of 90,086 oocytes were collected in 5,407 OPU sessions and a total of 64,826 oocytes were used for IVF, producing 16,924 embryos (Pontes et al., 2010). To our knowledge, this is the largest program of embryo production in dairy cattle using sexed sperm. It is expected that this information can be used to facilitate the expansion of OPU/IVF programs in dairy Herds in Brazil and in others countries. Another reason for the success of IVEP in Brazil is the scale effect. IVEP activity has high fixed-costs, but allows for optimization in the use of high-cost semen straws and sexed semen, and also an improvement in the logistics of recipients synchronization and management, mostly due to a better predictability of oocyte yield per donor. The gain in predictability is more evident if compared to embryo production, a technique that often shows coefficients of variation greater than 100%. Consequently, when used on a large scale, the cost per pregnancy from IVEP can be lower than from conventional ET ( Viana et al., 2012). In Vitro Brasil Data in different countries As ripple effect, the very same model has been successfully benchmarked to a few different countries. In Uruguay (a relevant player in the global beef industry and the
4 only live cattle exporter and dairy heifers/cows supplier to China on the Western part of the world), for instance, IVP, started from scratch, and has produced 6,904 IVF embryos in 2011 and 8,972 in As China regularly imports ship loads of Holstein heifers, the seedstock industry tailors its processes to meet all demands (large scale regular offers of pregnant Holstein IVF heifers, in most cases, bred from another Holstein IVF embryo). A very similar breakthrough scenario has been taking place in South Africa. Again, from roughly (not say literally) nothing, during a 120 days long breeding season, production developed from 2,858 IVF embryos in 2010, 5,028 in 2011 to 6,384 in As result, the Boran registered herd jumped from approximately 4,000 animals in the African continent to over 4,000 Boran IVF products (yearlings, calves and confirmed pregnancies) only in South Africa from 2010 to In a different point of this learning curve, Russia has definitely understood the role played by this powerful breeding tool. Throughout a very brief Spring season (60 days long), over 500 for OPUs produced 2,799 viable IVF embryos from a recently imported set of top Angus donors heifers and cows. Commercial first calf cows (also imported from the USA and AUS, less than 6 months ago, as bred heifers) were the only source of recipient groups (conceptions rates for those groups, under fixed time ET protocols, were close to 60%). Focused on reproducing/multiplying best performances in a herd scale, rather than one (or few) specific high-end elite animal, those countries aim for very efficient and consistent industry prospects. Final Remarks IVEP technologies are interesting examples of innovation in livestock production. Firstly, the development of reproductive protocols was based on the confluence of research efforts in correlated areas. Secondly, IVEP should not be considered merely as an improvement in the way bovine embryos are produced when compared to conventional ET, since it resulted in new products, procedures, applications, and, why not, a new market. Thirdly, the technology was quickly adopted by the private sector and replaced the preceding one ( embryo production) as the standard procedure in Brazil, South Africa, Uruguai and others countries. Finally, IVEP caused a significant change in the scenario of the world embryo industry, in beef and dairy herds, with predictable consequences for genetic progress and farm productivity. This facilitates a significant increase in the selection intensity and
5 shortening of the generation interval, finally leading to the major goal of the breeding industry: enhanced genetic improvement. References Pontes JH, Nonato-Junior I, Sanches BV, Ereno-Junior JC, Uvo S, Barreiros TR, Oliveira JA, Hasler JF, Seneda MM Comparison of embryo yield and pregnancy rate between in vivo and in vitro methods in the same Nelore ( ) donor cows., 71: J.H.M. Viana, L.G.B. Siqueira, M.P. Palhao, L.S.A. Camargo Features and perspectives of the Brazilian embryo industry.anim. Reprod., v.9, n.1, p.00-00, Jan./Mar J.H.F. Pontes, K.C.F. Silvaa, A.C. Bassob, A.G. Rigo, C.R. Ferreirab,G.M.G. Santosa, B.V. Sanches, J.P.F. Porcionato, P.H.S. Vieira, F.S. Faifer,F.A.M. Sterzaa, J.L. Schenkd, M.M. Seneda, Large-scale embryo production and pregnancy rates from,, and dairy cows using sexed sperm. 74 (2010) J.H.F. Pontes, F.A. Melo Sterzab, A.C. Basso, C.R. Ferreira, B.V. Sanches,K.C.P. Rubin, M.M. Seneda Ovum pick up, embryo production, and pregnancy rates from a large-scale commercial program using Nelore cattle( ) donors. 75 (2011) B.V. Sanches, L.S.R. Marinho, B.D.O. Filho, J.H.F. Pontes, A.C. Basso,.L.G.Meirinhos,K.C. Silva-Santos, C.R. Ferreira, M.M. Seneda Cryosurvival and pregnancy rates after exposure of IVF-derived Bos indicus embryos to forskolin before vitrification. 80 (2013)
A POWERFUL IN VITRO FERTILIZATION
A POWERFUL During the past 50 years technological advances in the field of bovine reproduction have led to some dramatic changes in the way cattle look, reproduce, perform, and even taste. Artificial Insemination
More informationSorting process increases cost and limits availability
Sexed Semen The newest reproductive technology for the beef industry By John B. Hall, Ph.D. Extension Beef Specialist, University of Idaho jbhall@uidaho.edu Although available commercially in the dairy
More informationEvaluations for service-sire conception rate for heifer and cow inseminations with conventional and sexed semen
J. Dairy Sci. 94 :6135 6142 doi: 10.3168/jds.2010-3875 American Dairy Science Association, 2011. Evaluations for service-sire conception rate for heifer and cow inseminations with conventional and sexed
More informationManaging the Heat-Stressed Cow to Improve Reproduction
Managing the Heat-Stressed Cow to Improve Reproduction Peter J. Hansen Department of Animal Sciences University of Florida, Gainesville Florida 32611-0910 Ph: 352-392-5590 Fax: 352-392-5595 The Growing
More informationReproductive technologies. Lecture 15 Introduction to Breeding and Genetics GENE 251/351 School of Environment and Rural Science (Genetics)
Reproductive technologies Lecture 15 Introduction to Breeding and Genetics GENE 251/351 School of Environment and Rural Science (Genetics) Animal Breeding in a nutshell Breeding objectives Trait measurement
More informationBREEDING SOUNDNESS EVALUATION OF BULLS
Proceedings, Applied Reproductive Strategies in Beef Cattle November 12 and 13, 2005, Texas A&M University, College Station BREEDING SOUNDNESS EVALUATION OF BULLS Derry Magee Clinical Associate Professor
More informationANS 3319C Reproductive Physiology and Endocrinology Artificial Insemination in Cattle. Objectives. What are the advantages and disadvantages of AI?
ANS 3319C Reproductive Physiology and Endocrinology Artificial Insemination in Cattle Objectives 1) To provide an overview of the process of artificial insemination (AI) in cattle. 2) To gain an understanding
More informationIs the number of antral follicles an interesting selection criterium for fertility in cattle?
Anim. Reprod, v.12, n.3, p.479-486, Jul./Sept. 2015 Is the number of antral follicles an interesting selection criterium for fertility in cattle? F. Morotti 1, T.R.R. Barreiros 2, F.Z. Machado 1, S.M.
More informationProceedings, Applied Reproductive Strategies in Beef Cattle September 11 and 12, 2007, Billings, Montana NEW TECHNOLOGIES FOR REPRODUCTION IN CATTLE
Proceedings, Applied Reproductive Strategies in Beef Cattle September 11 and 12, 2007, Billings, Montana NEW TECHNOLOGIES FOR REPRODUCTION IN CATTLE George E. Seidel, Jr. Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
More informationReplacement Heifers Costs and Return on Investment Calculation Decision Aids
Replacement Heifers Costs and Return on Investment Calculation Decision Aids The purpose of this replacement heifer cost decision aid is to calculate total production costs and return on investment (ROI)
More informationGenomic selection in dairy cattle: Integration of DNA testing into breeding programs
Genomic selection in dairy cattle: Integration of DNA testing into breeding programs Jonathan M. Schefers* and Kent A. Weigel* *Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706; and
More informationImpact of reproductive technologies on improved genetics in beef cattle
Impact of reproductive technologies on improved genetics in beef cattle JE Kinder 1, JM Osborne 1, ME Davis 1, ML Day 1 1 The Ohio State University, Department of Animal Sciences, Columbus, Ohio 43210,
More informationANP 504 : ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION COURSE LECTURERS
ANP 504 : ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION COURSE LECTURERS DR. A. O. LADOKUN DR. J. O. DR. J. A. DARAMOLA ABIONA COURSE OUTLINE PART I The Role of AI and Reproduction in Livestock Improvement 1. Advantages and
More informationThe impact of genomic selection on North American dairy cattle breeding organizations
The impact of genomic selection on North American dairy cattle breeding organizations Jacques Chesnais, George Wiggans and Filippo Miglior The Semex Alliance, USDA and Canadian Dairy Network 2000 09 Genomic
More informationHeadquarters in Sioux Center, IA 1
Nicholas Lemmel Cornfields, soybeans, and cows, I had finally arrived at Trans Ova Genetics Headquarters in Sioux Center, Iowa. I pulled into the drive of the intern house located on the corner of the
More informationMINISTRY OF LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT SMALLHOLDER DAIRY COMMERCIALIZATION PROGRAMME. Artificial Insemination (AI) Service
MINISTRY OF LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT SMALLHOLDER DAIRY COMMERCIALIZATION PROGRAMME Artificial Insemination (AI) Service 1 1.0 Introduction The fertility of a dairy cattle is very important for a dairy farmer
More informationReplacement Heifers Costs and Return Calculation Decision Aids
Replacement Heifers Costs and Return Calculation Decision Aids The purpose of these replacement heifer cost decision aids is to calculate total production costs and return on investment (ROI) to evaluate
More informationProceedings, Applied Reproductive Strategies in Beef Cattle November 1 and 2, 2005, Lexington, Kentucky TIMING OF INSEMINATION IN BEEF HEIFERS
Proceedings, Applied Reproductive Strategies in Beef Cattle November 1 and 2, 2005, Lexington, Kentucky TIMING OF INSEMINATION IN BEEF HEIFERS John B. Hall and Benjamin R. Dorsey Department of Animal &
More informationCanada Livestock Services Ltd P.O. Box 2312, Lloydminster, Saskatchewan Canada S9V 1S6 Tel: +1(780) 808-2815; Fax: +1(780) 808-2816 Email: Canada
Canada Livestock Services Ltd P.O. Box 2312, Lloydminster, Saskatchewan Canada S9V 1S6 Tel: +1(780) 808-2815; Fax: +1(780) 808-2816 Email: canadalivestock@canadalivestock.com www.canadalivestock.com Canada
More informationScope for the Use of Pregnancy Confirmation Data in Genetic Evaluation for Reproductive Performance
Scope for the Use of Pregnancy Confirmation Data in Genetic Evaluation for Reproductive Performance J. Jamrozik and G.J. Kistemaker Canadian Dairy Network The data on cow's pregnancy diagnostics has been
More informationRelationship between weight at puberty and mature weight in beef cattle
Relationship between weight at puberty and mature weight in beef cattle M.P. Davis and R.P. Wettemann STORY IN BRIEF The relationship between weight at puberty and mature weight was evaluated in Angus
More informationThe Costs of Raising Replacement Heifers and the Value of a Purchased Versus Raised Replacement
Managing for Today s Cattle Market and Beyond March 2002 The Costs of Raising Replacement Heifers and the Value of a Purchased Versus Raised Replacement By Dillon M. Feuz, University of Nebraska Numerous
More informationUnderstanding Animal Reproduction Technology
Lesson 251c Understanding Animal Reproduction Technology Core Area. Animal Science Unit 250. Genetics and Breeding Topic 251. Fertilization California Academic Standard. Science Grades 9 through 12 Biology/Life
More informationArtificial Insemination
AS1749 Maximizing Pregnancy Rates When Using Artificial Insemination Carl Dahlen, Beef Cattle Specialist, NDSU Extension Service Dani Black, Graduate Student, NDSU Animal Sciences Department Mellissa Crosswhite,
More informationSYNCHRONIZATION OF CATTLE
UNDER ESTRUS SYNCHRONIZATION OF CATTLE FS921C Robin Salverson, Extension Livestock Educator, Harding County, and George Perry, Extension Beef Reproduction and Management Specialist Reproductive failure
More informationAgSourceDM.com features
P a g e 1 AgSourceDM.com features Data Entry All data entry to an individual cow s record is performed here. Using the Cow Page-Events screens you can view each individual animal s records. You can enroll
More informationSTRATEGIES FOR DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING TO ENSURE SUSTAINABLE MILK PRODUCTION 1
STRATEGIES FOR DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING TO ENSURE SUSTAINABLE MILK PRODUCTION 1 Prof. Ntombizakhe Mpofu Department of Agricultural Sciences, Lupane State University, P O Box AC 255, Bulawayo Tel: 09-883830/40;
More informationAppendix J. Genetic Implications of Recent Biotechnologies. Appendix Contents. Introduction
Genetic Improvement and Crossbreeding in Meat Goats Lessons in Animal Breeding for Goats Bred and Raised for Meat Will R. Getz Fort Valley State University Appendix J. Genetic Implications of Recent Biotechnologies
More informationBeef Cattle Handbook
Beef Cattle Handbook BCH-1000 Product of Extension Beef Cattle Resource Committee Adapted from Beef Improvement Federation Beef Performance Glossary John Hough, Amercian Hereford Association David Notter,
More informationLIVESTOCK IMPROVEMENT S STUDENT RESOURCE SERIES ARTIFICIAL BREEDING
LIVESTOCK IMPROVEMENT S STUDENT RESOURCE SERIES ARTIFICIAL BREEDING Introduction This country s dairy industry is one of its biggest export earners. Profit in dairying is made from producing and selling
More informationAbbreviation key: NS = natural service breeding system, AI = artificial insemination, BV = breeding value, RBV = relative breeding value
Archiva Zootechnica 11:2, 29-34, 2008 29 Comparison between breeding values for milk production and reproduction of bulls of Holstein breed in artificial insemination and bulls in natural service J. 1,
More informationR E S T R I C T E D B R E E D I N G A N D R O T A T I O N A L G R A Z I N G
R E S T R I C T E D B R E E D I N G A N D R O T A T I O N A L G R A Z I N G J O R G E L U I S S A N C H E Z B R I C E Ñ O H E R M O S I L L O S O N O R A M E X I C O The problem that is always faced in
More informationNew York Science Journal 2014;7(9) http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork
Perception of Artificial Insemination among Fulani Cattle Rearers in Zuru Local Government Area of Kebbi State, Nigeria Musa D. Baba 1, Aminu M. Sakaba 2, Taibat A. Manga 3 and Musa S. Ribah 2 1 Department
More informationUnit B: Understanding Animal Reproduction. Lesson 3: Understanding Animal Reproduction Technology
Unit B: Understanding Animal Reproduction Lesson 3: Understanding Animal Reproduction Technology Student Learning Objectives: Instruction in this lesson should result in students achieving the following
More informationANIMAL GENETICS SOLUTIONS
THE NATIONAL ANIMAL GENETIC RESOURCES CENTRE AND DATABANK NAGRC & DB) COLLABORATION WITH IAEA AND OTHER STAKEHOLDERS IN ANGR DEVELOPMENT INTERLAKEN, SWITZERLAND SEPT. 2007 ANIMAL GENETICS SOLUTIONS Vision
More informationWhat is the Cattle Data Base
Farming and milk production in Denmark By Henrik Nygaard, Advisory Manager, hen@landscentret.dk Danish Cattle Federation, Danish Agricultural Advisory Centre, The national Centre, Udkaersvej 15, DK-8200
More informationRATES OF CONCEPTION BY ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION OF. 1 Miss. Rohini Paramsothy Faculty of Agriculture University of Jaffna
RATES OF CONCEPTION BY ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION OF DAIRY COWS IN JAFFNA DISTRICT 1 Miss. Rohini Paramsothy Faculty of Agriculture University of Jaffna INTRODUCTION Conception rates of dairy cows are influenced
More informationINTRODUCTION. The identification system of dairy cattle; The recording of production of dairy cattle; Laboratory analysis; Data processing.
POLISH FEDERATION OF CATTLE BREEDERS AND DAIRY FARMERS INTRODUCTION Polish Federation of Cattle Breeders and Dairy Farmers was established in 1995 as a merger of 20 regional breeding organizations from
More informationUNIFORM DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURES
UNIFORM DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURES PURPOSE: The purpose of these procedures is to provide the framework for a uniform, accurate record system that will increase dairy farmers' net profit. The uniform records
More informationBeef Cattle Breeds and Biological Types Scott P. Greiner, Extension Animal Scientist, Virginia Tech
publication 400-803 Beef Cattle Breeds and Biological Types Scott P. Greiner, Extension Animal Scientist, Virginia Tech Worldwide there are more than 250 breeds of beef cattle. Over 60 of these breeds
More informationValue of Managing Beef Cattle Genetics
Value of Managing Beef Cattle Genetics Lisa Rees University of Missouri Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics Contact Information: 803 E. Green Meadows, Apt. 102 Columbia, MO 65201 Profile-
More informationTHE CATTLE ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION INDUSTRY IN MALAYSIA
VOLUME 1 NO. 1 JULY 2010 pages 1-7 THE CATTLE ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION INDUSTRY IN MALAYSIA RAYMOND A.K. AND SAIFULLIZAM A.K. Department of Veterinary Services, Wisma Tani, Presint 4, 62630 Putrajaya, Malaysia
More informationvision evolving guidelines
vision To foster a collective, industry supported strategy for the future of the Holstein Breed which will act as a tool for Canadian dairy producers to maximize profitability and genetic improvement.
More informationHerd Navigator and reproduction management
Herd Navigator and reproduction management 1. Reproductive management Efficient and profitable reproduction management in a dairy herd requires routine and time-consuming manual heat detection and proper
More informationSex-sorted sperm for artificial insemination and embryo transfer programs in cattle
Anim. Reprod., v.11, n.3, p.217-224, Jul./Sept. 2014 Sex-sorted sperm for artificial insemination and embryo transfer programs in cattle M.F. Sá Filho 1,5, M. Nichi 1, J.G. Soares 1, L.M. Vieira 1, L.F
More informationPRODUCERS can choose to use natural
Artificial Insemination PRODUCERS can choose to use natural or artificial means of breeding their animals. Technology has advanced in the last 30 to 40 years to allow animal producers to use means other
More informationEconomics of Estrus Synchronization and Artificial Insemination. Dr. Les Anderson and Paul Deaton University of Kentucky
Economics of Estrus Synchronization and Artificial Insemination Dr. Les Anderson and Paul Deaton University of Kentucky Introduction Few beef producers would disagree that the genetic potential available
More informationAnimal Sciences. Timed-Artificial Insemination in Beef Cows: What are the Options?
Purdue Extension Animal Sciences AS-575-W Timed-Artificial Insemination in Beef Cows: What are the Options? Allen Bridges, Scott Lake, Ron Lemenager, and Matt Claeys, Purdue Beef Team, Department of Animal
More informationAssisted Reproductive Technologies at IGO
9339 Genesee Avenue, Suite 220 San Diego, CA 92121 858 455 7520 Assisted Reproductive Technologies at IGO Although IGO no longer operates an IVF laboratory or program as such, we work closely with area
More informationGROSS MARGINS : HILL SHEEP 2004/2005
GROSS MARGINS GROSS MARGINS : HILL SHEEP 2004/2005 All flocks Top third Number of flocks in sample 242 81 Average size of flock (ewes and ewe lambs) 849 684 Lambs reared per ewe 1.10 1.25 ENTERPRISE OUTPUT
More informationAlison Van Eenennaam, Ph.D.
Is the Market Ready for Milk from Cloned Cows? 3/15/06 Alison Van Eenennaam, Ph.D. Cooperative Extension Specialist Animal Biotechnology and Genomics alvaneenennaam@ucdavis.edu ODI OUTLINE What is a clone?
More informationTraining manual for embryo transfer in cattle
FAO ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND HEALTH PAPER 77 Training manual for embryo transfer in cattle Contents by George E. Seidel, Jr and Sarah Moore Seidel Animal Reproduction Laboratory, Colorado State University,
More informationSustainability of dairy cattle breeding systems utilising artificial insemination in less developed countries - examples of problems and prospects
Philipsson Sustainability of dairy cattle breeding systems utilising artificial insemination in less developed countries - examples of problems and prospects J. Philipsson Department of Animal Breeding
More informationARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION STUDY
ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION STUDY KOSOVO CLUSTER AND BUSINESS SUPPORT PROJECT 30 September 2005 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared
More informationreduce the probability of devastating disease outbreaks reduce the severity of disease agents present in a herd improve the value of products sold.
Vaccination Programs: Beef Cow Calf Operations Timothy Jordan, D.V.M Beef Production Medicine Program North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine Goals A comprehensive herd health and
More informationGetting It Right With A.I. and Estrus Synchronization Willie Altenburg, Fort Collins Colorado
Getting It Right With A.I. and Estrus Synchronization Willie Altenburg, Fort Collins Colorado Wear Two Hats US Beef Cow Inventory http://www.nass.usda.gov US Beef Semen Sales and Custom Collected Semen
More informationG. Cliff Lamb. North Florida Research and Education Center, Marianna, Florida University of Florida. Introduction
COST ANALYSIS OF IMPLEMENTING A SYNCHRONIZATION OR AI PROGRAM-USING DECISION-AID TOOLS G. Cliff Lamb North Florida Research and Education Center, Marianna, Florida University of Florida Introduction Estrous
More informationDAIRY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS MOZAMBIQUE(2009-2016)
DAIRY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS MOZAMBIQUE(2009-2016) Who We Are: Land O Lakes International Development (IDD): a division of Land O Lakes Inc, a member-owed cooperative - Since 1981 Land O Lakes IDD implements
More informationCOMPARISON OF FIXED-TIME ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION VS. NATURAL SERVICE IN BEEF COWS: REPRODUCTIVE EFFICIENCY AND SYSTEM COST
FACT SHEET #2015.02 COMPARISON OF FIXED-TIME ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION VS. NATURAL SERVICE IN BEEF COWS: REPRODUCTIVE EFFICIENCY AND SYSTEM COST By: Dr. Bart Lardner, Kathy Larson MSc, and Dr. Daalkhaijav
More informationMajor Advances in Globalization and Consolidation of the Artificial Insemination Industry
J. Dairy Sci. 89:1362 1368 American Dairy Science Association, 2006. Major Advances in Globalization and Consolidation of the Artificial Insemination Industry D. A. Funk ABS Global, Inc., DeForest, WI
More informationlicle by expressing estrus (heat) and producing an LH surge. The LH surge causes ovulation, which begins the heifer s first cycle.
publication 400-02 Estrus Synchronization for Heifers John B. Hall, Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech Amanda Liles, Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech W. Dee
More informationANS 431 - Reproductive Physiology of Domestic Animals (Spring 2015)
1 ANS 431 - Reproductive Physiology of Domestic Animals (Spring 2015) Instructor: Dr. Eduardo L. Gastal, DVM, MS, PhD Room: AG 129; Phone: 453-1774; E-mail: egastal@siu.edu Office hours: MWF 11-12 a.m.;
More informationGenetic improvement: a major component of increased dairy farm profitability
Genetic improvement: a major component of increased dairy farm profitability Filippo Miglior 1,2, Jacques Chesnais 3 & Brian Van Doormaal 2 1 2 Canadian Dairy Network 3 Semex Alliance Agri-Food Canada
More informationGenomic Selection in. Applied Training Workshop, Sterling. Hans Daetwyler, The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS
Genomic Selection in Dairy Cattle AQUAGENOME Applied Training Workshop, Sterling Hans Daetwyler, The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS Dairy introduction Overview Traditional breeding Genomic selection Advantages
More informationCourse: AG 534 Zoology - Science of Animal Reproduction
Course: AG 53 Zoology - Science of Animal Reproduction Unit Objective CAERT Lesson Plan Library Unit Problem Area Les son Animal. Plant & Soil Science 1 1,2, 3 Introduction to Animal Science Match terms
More informationSOME PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION OF BEEF CATTLE
SOME PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION OF BEEF CATTLE D. R. LAMOND* and A. TAKKEN* Summary In October, 1964, beef cows were divided into three groups. One group was run with bulls for four
More informationVaccination Programs for the Cow/Calf Operation
Vaccination Programs for the Cow/Calf Operation Disease prevention is of utmost importance in a cow-calf operation because it is a low profit margin enterprise. Adequate nutrition, strategic deworming,
More informationInheritance of Color And The Polled Trait Dr. R. R. Schalles, Dept. of Animal Sciences and Industry Kansas State University
Inheritance of Color And The Polled Trait Dr. R. R. Schalles, Dept. of Animal Sciences and Industry Kansas State University Introduction All functions of an animal are controlled by the enzymes (and other
More informationART - - - - - IVF - NO.1 IVF - IVF
The success of any ART laboratory depends on its IVF laboratory. The primary function of an ART laboratory is to provide an optimal environment for gametes and embryos. To set up an ART laboratory, the
More informationTech Prep Articulation
Tech Prep Articulation Agriculture & Natural Resources Tech Prep Education: Tech Prep education in Missouri is an articulated two-year secondary and two or more year post-secondary education program which:
More informationEstrus Synchronization Protocols for Cows
Estrus Synchronization Protocols for Cows Cliff Lamb University of Florida Applied Reproductive Strategies in Beef Cattle NCBA Convention January 28, 2010 Estrous Synchronization Protocols Hybrid Synch
More informationLONDON REGIONAL TRANSGENIC AND GENE TARGETING FACILITY
LONDON REGIONAL TRANSGENIC AND GENE TARGETING FACILITY SPERM CRYOPRESERVATION AND IN VITRO FERTILIZATION RESOURCE PACKAGE For information, contact: Dr. Christopher Pin, PhD, Scientific Director London
More information2011 A.E.T.E. NEWSLETTER N
January 2011 A.E.T.E. NEWSLETTER N 34 Editor: Dimitrios Rizos TABLE OF CONTENTS President's letter Claire Ponsart...... Upcoming Events & Continuing Education Opportunities.. A Visual update of the last
More informationSection 6: Cow-Calf Cash Flow Enterprise Budget Analysis 101
Section 6: Cow-Calf Cash Flow Enterprise Budget Analysis 101 Lets get started with some basics the Cow Calf Profit Equation The Cow Calf Profit Equation There is no single goal that will satisfy every
More informationManaging the Dairy Farm: Key Performance Indicators
Managing the Dairy Farm: Key Performance Indicators Thomas Fuhrmann, DVM DairyWorks, PO Box 2800-317, Carefree AZ 85377 Email: DairyWorks@aol.com Take Home Message This paper discusses how to use information
More informationBiology and Society Unit Five: Human Reproduction Topic Four: Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART)
Biology and Society Unit Five: Human Reproduction Topic Four: Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) Carl Djerassi (1923 - ) Excerpt from Sex in an Age of Mechanical Reproduction by Carl Djerassi With
More informationAn introduction to the camel
15 Z. Farah Present distribution and economic potential According to FAO statistics there are about 19 million camels in the world, of which 15 million are found in Africa and 4 million in Asia. Of this
More informationCharacterization of the Beef Cow-calf Enterprise of the Northern Great Plains
Characterization of the Beef Cow-calf Enterprise of the Northern Great Plains Barry Dunn 1, Edward Hamilton 1, and Dick Pruitt 1 Departments of Animal and Range Sciences and Veterinary Science BEEF 2003
More informationArtificial Insemination (AI) in Cattle
Artificial Insemination (AI) in Cattle Most dairy cows are bred by AI Less common in beef cattle Commonly, bulls are used for all breeding under pasture conditions Less commonly, bulls are used as clean-up
More informationSuckled Bos indicus Cattle - Reproductive Efficiency in Postpartum
SAGE-Hindawi Access to Research Veterinary Medicine International Volume 2011, Article ID 923053, 10 pages doi:10.4061/2011/923053 Review Article Treatments to Optimize the Use of Artificial Insemination
More informationThird International Scientific Symposium "Agrosym Jahorina 2012"
10.7251/AGSY1203499B UDK 636.39.087.7(496.5) PRELIMINARY DATA ON COMPARISON OF SMALL AND MEDIUM DAIRY FARMS IN ALBANIA Ylli BIÇOKU 1, Enkelejda SALLAKU 1, Kujtim GJONI 2, Agron KALO 3 1 Agricultural University
More informationNATIONAL DAIRY HERD IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM UNIFORM OPERATING PROCEDURES
NATIONAL DAIRY HERD IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM UNIFORM OPERATING PROCEDURES Effective June 2002 CODE OF ETHICS I. PURPOSE This Code of Ethics provides guidelines for appropriate conduct in the production, collection,
More informationIncreasing Profitability Through an Accelerated Heifer Replacement Program
Increasing Profitability Through an Accelerated Heifer Replacement Program Robert B. Corbett, D.V.M Dairy Health Consultation Accelerating heifer growth has been a very controversial subject in recent
More information42nd Annual Conference of the IETS
42nd Annual Conference of the IETS The Galt House Hotel, Louisville, Kentucky January 23 26, 2016 Local Organizing Committee Co-Chairs: Edward Squires and Debi Seymour Program Co-Chairs: Marcelo Bertolini
More informationA COMPARISON OF SEMEN THAWING FOR ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION IN CATTLE MIR CENTER, ANGELO STATE UNIVERSITY, SAN ANGELO, TEXAS
A COMPARISON OF SEMEN THAWING FOR ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION IN CATTLE MIR CENTER, ANGELO STATE UNIVERSITY, SAN ANGELO, TEXAS A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Angelo State University
More informationDisposal and replacement practices in Kenya s smallholder dairy herds
Disposal and replacement practices in Kenya s smallholder dairy herds B. Omedo Bebe 1, 2, 3, H.M.J. Udo 2 and W. Thorpe 3 1 Egerton University, Animal Science Department, Box 536 Njoro, Kenya 2 Animal
More informationThe. Livestock Improvement. AB Technician. Leading the world with genetics and knowledge to create wealth for pastoral dairy farmers.
AB L I V E S T O C K I M P R O V E M E N T The Livestock Improvement AB Technician Leading the world with genetics and knowledge to create wealth for pastoral dairy farmers. Creating solutions for the
More informationImprovement of the economic position of the farm or ranch
Bob Weaber, University of Missouri-Columbia Improvement of the economic position of the farm or ranch is an ongoing process for many commercial cow-calf producers. Profitability may be enhanced by increasing
More informationBREAK-EVEN COSTS FOR COW/CALF PRODUCERS
L-5220 9/98 BREAK-EVEN COSTS FOR COW/CALF PRODUCERS L.R. Sprott* CALCULATING BREAK-EVEN COSTS of production can help cow/calf producers make better management decisions for the current year or for the
More informationArtificial Insemination - A Case Study in Agreditination of Animals
Advances in reproductive technologies in cattle: Abstract from artificial insemination to cloning Bertolini M 1 and Bertolini LR Center of Agroveterinarian Sciences (CAV) Santa Catarina State University
More informationNatural Breeding vs. Artificial Insemination: A Cost Comparison Analysis. By Patrick Jacobsen
Natural Breeding vs. Artificial Insemination: A Cost Comparison Analysis By Patrick Jacobsen Table of Contents Introduction Problem Study Assumptions Natural Breeding Costs Artificial Insemination Costs
More informationEthical issues in assisted reproductive technologies. Effy Vayena
Ethical issues in assisted reproductive technologies Effy Vayena Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) All treatments or procedures that include the in vitro handling of human oocytes and human sperm
More informationHow To Feed Cows In The Winter
A l a s k a L i v e s t o c k S e r i e s Winter Feeding Programs For Beef Cattle and Calves LPM-00741 Before making management and feeding decisions about beef cattle and calves, consider the following
More informationKey performance measures of farm profitability
14 Key performance measures of farm profitability This chapter presents a series of key performance indicators (KPIs) to help farmers identify the possible causes of inadequate farm performance and profitability.
More informationTHE STIMULATION OF OVULATION DURING HIGH TEMPERATURE, AN TECHNIQUE OF FERTILITY INCREASING IN COWS
THE STIMULATION OF OVULATION DURING HIGH TEMPERATURE, AN TECHNIQUE OF FERTILITY INCREASING IN COWS TURMALAJ L.*; RAPTI DH.*; LIKA E.*; GRIZELJ J.**; VINCE S.** * Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Tirane, Albania.
More informationFaculteit Diergeneeskunde. Prof. dr. G. Opsomer Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University.
Faculteit Diergeneeskunde Integrated veterinary herd health management as the basis for sustainable animal production (dairy herd health as an example) Prof. dr. G. Opsomer Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
More informationWeb site: www.lionedge.com
DIVISION OF AGRICULTURE R E S E A R C H & E X T E N S I O N University of Arkansas System Agriculture and Natural Resources FSA3108 Computerized Herd Management Software for Cow Calf Producers Tom R. Troxel
More informationUpdate. Barb Glenn, Ph.D. Food & Agriculture Section. FASS Symposium
Animal Biotechnology Industry Update Barb Glenn, Ph.D. Managing Director, Animal Biotech Food & Agriculture Section FASS Symposium May 14, 2007 Industry Status Goal Snapshot, Priorities, Members Technology
More informationArtificial insemination:
NAFU FARMER TECHNOLOGY Artificial insemination: The best technique to improve your herd by Joel Nkuna, AI technician, Taurus The practice of AI (artificial insemination) with cattle, is one of the few
More informationREPRODUCTION AND BREEDING The Nemesis of a Beef Cow-Calf Operation: The First-Calf Cow
Beef Cattle REPRODUCTION AND BREEDING The Nemesis of a Beef Cow-Calf Operation: The First-Calf Cow G. C. Lamb University of Minnesota INTRODUCTION For cattle producers, heifers that have just given birth
More information