ACPE Accreditation and Foreign Graduates

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2 ACPE Accreditation and Foreign Graduates NABP Annual Meeting Anaheim, CA May 22, 2010

3 ACPE National agency for accreditation of pharmacy education ACPE accredits: Professional degree programs (i.e., Doctor of Pharmacy degree, Pharm D) Recognized by: U.S. Department of Education Council on Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA) Providers of continuing pharmacy education

4 ACPE Founded in 1932 for accreditation of professional programs, by: National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP) (regulators) American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP) (educators), and American Pharmacists Association (APhA) (practitioners) Accreditation of CE Providers added in 1975; accreditation of Certificate Programs ( ) ACPE is an autonomous, independent, not-forprofit agency with headquarters in Chicago, IL

5 ACPE Board of Directors Heidi M. Anderson, PhD (AACP, ) (President) Robert Beardsley, PhD (AACP, ) (Vice President) Michael P. Cinque, PharmD, FAPhA (APhA, ) William A. Gouveia, MS (APhA, ) Michael A. Moné, RPh, JD (NABP, ) (Secretary/Treasurer) Warren A. Narducci, PharmD (APhA, ) George R. Spratto, PhD (AACP, ) Joan Straumanis, PhD (ACE, ) Donna S. Wall, PharmD (NABP, ) Don H. Williams, RPh, FASHP (NABP, ) ( ) Appointing organization, term ( ) Current Officers

6 New ACPE Board Appointees: July 1, 2010 to June 30, 2016 AACP: Stephanie F. Gardner, PharmD, EdD, Dean, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Little Rock, AR ACE: Barbara G. Burch, EdD, Provost and Vice President for Academic Affairs, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY APhA: Bruce Canaday, PharmD, FASHP, FAPhA, Clinical Professor & Vice-Chair, Division of Pharm. Practice and Experiential Education, Univ. of North Carolina Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC; Director, Department of Pharmacotherapy, South East Area Health Education Center (SEAHEC), Wilmington, NC NABP: Dennis K. McAllister RPh, FASHP, Member, Arizona Board of Pharmacy; Director, Regulatory Affairs, Medco Health Solutions, Glendale, AZ

7 ACPE Executive Staff Members Peter H. Vlasses, PharmD, DSc, BCPS (Executive Director) Jeffrey W. Wadelin, PhD (Assoc. Exec. Director and Director, Professional Degree Program Accreditation) Dimitra Travlos, PharmD, BCPS (Assist. Exec. Director, and Director, CPE Provider Accreditation) Michael J. Rouse, BPharm (Hons), MPS (Assist. Exec. Director, International and Professional Affairs) J. Gregory Boyer, PhD (Assist. Exec. Director and Assist. Director, Prof. Degree Program Accreditation) Jennifer Baumgartner, PharmD, BCPP (Assist. Exec. Director, Continuing Pharmacy Education Provider Accreditation) Sharon L. Hudson (Assist. Exec. Director, and Director, Operations and Human Resources)

8 State and federal government e.g. Dept. of Education Accreditation agencies State boards of pharmacy NABP GENERAL PUBLIC (consumers of pharmacist services) Students and prospective students CE Providers AACP Colleges and schools of pharmacy Individual educators and practitioners Employers/ Trade APhA Other pharmacy organizations

9 State of the Pharmacy Education Enterprise

10 Accredited PharmD Programs* Programs with accreditation status (n = 120): Full Accreditation Status: 94 (programs that have graduated students) Candidate Accreditation Status: 18 (programs with students enrolled but have not yet produced graduates) Pre-Candidate Accreditation Status: 8 (programs that have not yet enrolled students) * Inclusive of January 2010 Board Actions

11 Colleges and Schools of Pharmacy with ACPE-Accredited Degree Programs* Schools With No Degrees Conferred Schools Conferring Degrees * Inclusive of January 2010 Board Actions

12 Expansion in Public & Private Sectors The following figures are for the 119 US-based programs: 62 public schools (52%); 57 private schools (48%) One of the private schools is for profit 44 schools have opened after 1995 (37% of all schools) 10 are public (23%) 34 are private (77%); one is for profit (as above) 26 schools (22%) have distance campuses* 19 are public (73%) and 7 are private (27%) 19 of 62 public schools have distance campuses (31%) A total of 35 distance campuses 7 of 57 private schools have distance campuses (12%) A total of 8 distance campuses (only Nova Southeastern has >1) At least four public institutions have firm plans to establish distance campuses; for some, plans have had to be postponed (* Distance campus = delivery of didactic curriculum to/from site)

13 Pharmacy School Graduation Trends Source: AACP Profiles of Pharmacy Students Number of Graduates Pharmacy school graduates projected based on current enrollment and estimated attrition Growth = 58% (actual) Growth = 90% (projected)

14 JCPP Future Vision of Pharmacy Practice 2015 Pharmacists will be the health care professionals responsible for providing patient care that ensures optimal medication therapy outcomes.

15 Update: Professional Degree Program Accreditation

16 The Revision Process Jan 2003: Board decision March 2003: Initiation of revision process with first profession-wide Invitation to Comment Web-based surveys ( ), written submissions (± 90), open hearings, town halls, formal and informal stakeholder interactions, review of literature and pharmacy organizations policies Jan 2005: First draft of standards on their own May 2005: Broad-based Focus Group June 2005: First draft of standards + guidelines Jan 2006: Adoption of Standards 2007 July 1, 2007: Effective date

17 Stakeholder Feedback to ACPE Ensure 1. Standardization and consistency in accreditation activities (for both professional degree programs and continuing education providers). 2. Processes used in accreditation fairly and adequately identify strengths and weaknesses of professional degree programs and continuing education providers. 3. Those being evaluated do not breech the integrity of the accreditation review process.

18 Stakeholder Feedback (cont.) 4. Adequate faculty, facility, financial and experiential site resources are supporting expanding class sizes at existing pharmacy schools and colleges, and classes at new schools and colleges. 5. Experiential education allows students to have adequate exposure and interaction with appropriate patient and inter-professional groups. 6. Promotion of scholarship and professionalism. 7. The governance and operating procedures of ACPE remain appropriate for the contemporary environment.

19 Standards Areas: Mission, Planning, and Evaluation Organization and Administration Curriculum Students Faculty and Staff Facilities and Resources 30 Criteria 138 Guidelines Each with Sectional Preamble to provide context and intent

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22 Comprehensive Site Visits for PharmD Programs with Graduates Spring 2007 to Fall 2009 (n = 35) PARTIAL 1: Mission 2: Strategic Plan 2 (6%) 3: Evaluation Plan 10 (29%) 4: Inst. Accred. 5: C/S and Univ 3 (9%) 6: C/S and Other 7: C/S Org & Gov 5 (14%) 8: Dean NON 9: Goal of Curr. 1 (3%) 10: Curr. Design 4 (11%) 11: Methods 3 (9%) 12: Outcomes 13: Core-KSAV 14: Core-Exp. 7 (20%) 1 (3%) 15: Curr. Eval. 5 (14%) 1 (3%) 16: Student Serv. 1 (3%) 17: Admissions 3 (9%) 1 (3%) 18: Transfer 1 (3%) 19: Progression 3 (9%) 1 (3%) 20: Complaints 21: Program Info 22: Student Rep. 2 (6%) 1 (3%) 23: Prof. Behavior 1 (3%) 24: Faculty Quant. 4 (11%) 2 (6%) 25: Faculty Qual. 2 (6%) 26: Faculty CPD 2 (6%) 27: Facilities 1 (3%) 1 (3%) 28: Pract. Sites 1 (3%) 1 (3%) 29: Library 1 (3%) 30: Finance 4 (11%) 1 (3%)

23 Comprehensive Site Visits for PharmD Programs with Graduates Spring 2007 to Fall 2009 Comparison as a function of when site visits were conducted TOTAL (n = 35) S2007-S2008 (n = 14) F2008-F2009 ( n = 21) PARTIAL NON PARTIAL NON PARTIAL NON Total % PARTIAL or NON based on 30 standards for each visit 6.0% 1.0% 9.8% 1.0% 3.5% 1.3%

24 Standards Showing Improvement in Compliance Over Time S2007-S2008 (n = 14) F2008-F2009 (n = 21) PARTIAL NON PARTIAL NON 3: Evaluation of Mission & Goals 7 (50%) 3 (14%) 5: C/S and University Relations 2 (14%) 1 (5%) 7: C/S Organization & Govern 3 (21%) 2 (10%) 10: Curric Devel, Deliv & Improve 4 (29%) 11: Teaching & Learning Methods 2 (14%) 1 (5%) 14: Curriculum Pharm Pract Exp 3 (21%) 1 (7%) 4 (19%) 15: Curriculum Evaluation 5 (36%) 1 (7%) 19: Progression of Students 3 (21%) 1 (5%)

25 Standards Not Showing Improvement in Compliance Over Time S2007-S2008 (n=14) F2008-F2009 (n=21) PARTIAL NON PARTIAL NON 24: Faculty Quantitative 2 (14%) 2 (10%) 2 (10%) 30: Financial Resources 2 (14%) 2 (10%) 1 (5%)

26 Clarification of Rubric Terms Compliant vs. Partially compliant vs. Noncompliant definitions in updated Policy and Procedure Manual New Decision Tree for differentiating Compliant with Monitoring vs. Partially Compliant approved January 2010; to be communicated for future selfstudies and on-site reviews Rubric revisions new version to be part of AACP/ACPE Internet-based self study preparation and assessment platform

27 Foreign Graduates, the PharmD Program, and ACPE Accreditation Standards

28 Relevant Standards Standard No. 17 Standard No. 18 Standard No. 19

29 Standard No. 17 The college or school must produce and make available to students and prospective students criteria, policies, and procedures for admission to the professional degree program. Admission materials must clearly state academic expectations, required communication skills, types of personal history disclosures that may be required, and professional standards for graduation...

30 Standard No. 18 The college or school must produce and make available to students and prospective students transfer credit and course-waiver policies, based on rational procedures and defensible assessments.

31 Standard No. 19 The college or school must produce and make available to students and prospective students criteria, policies, and procedures for academic progression, academic probation, remediation, missed course work or credit, dismissal, readmission, rights to due process, and appeal mechanisms.

32 Survey Results: Preliminary Findings

33 Survey of Admissions Standards for International Pharmacy Graduates 120 colleges/schools with accredited programs 72 respondents 31 admit foreign pharmacy graduates 22 require four-year program 3 require three-year program 2 utilize a non-traditional pathway 4 utilize a customized international program

34 Survey of Admissions Standards for International Pharmacy Graduates many applications/inquiries relatively few admissions over last three years 13 colleges/schools admitted 0 most admitted less than 10 four programs admitted more than 10 (40-60)

35 Survey of Admissions Standards for International Pharmacy Graduates Admission requirements TOEFL Transcripts PCAT Letters of reference Interviews GRE Curriculum/syllabi evaluations

36 Survey of Admissions Standards for International Pharmacy Graduates Curriculum/Syllabi Evaluations World Education Services International Educational Research Foundation Education Credential Evaluators Josef Silny and Associates International Education college/school faculty and/or university offices

37 Survey of Admissions Standards for International Pharmacy Graduates 9 colleges/schools allow transfer credit and/or waiver of requisites transfer credit/waivers: pre-professional coursework basic/pharmaceutical sciences NO experiential education case by case some appeal mechanisms

38 Contact Details By phone: (312) By Web site: By fax: (312) By mail: 20 North Clark St, Suite 2500 Chicago, IL