Service Oriented Architecture

Transcription

1 Service Oriented Architecture Jim Phelps, Senior I.T. Architect Division of Information Technology, UW-Madison EDUCAUSE SAC, August 2006

2 Agenda: 90 minutes 17% 8% 17% 8% 17% 8% 75% 75% 75% 17% 8% 17% 8% 17% 8% 75% 75% 75% Present Discuss

3 Agenda: What is SOA and why should you care? Technology of SOA - Web Services and an Example App Migration Strategy - Organizational Change Technology in 1 year, Migration in 10 What s next for UW-Madison Open discussion

4 Part 1: What is SOA and why should you care

5 Define SOA Gartner says, "a style of multi-tier computing that helps organizations share logic and data among multiple applications and usage modes." [1] IBM says, an application architecture within which all functions are defined as independent services with well-defined invokable interfaces which can be called in defined sequences to form business processes" [2] 5

6 In Pictures... Application User Interface Business Logic Code API Data

7 SOA as a Picture 7

8 SOA: Where the Application lives on the bus Application 8

9 SOA - My Definition SOA is the exposure of business functions as services for integration and orchestration into new and interesting applications. SOA is built on reusable, shared, networked services where each service is a well defined business function. SOA is NOT a technology though we implement it through technology. In this talk, that technology is Web Services

10 Why should you care?

11 Integration is.. Complex: When systems change, interfaces need to be rebuilt Brittle: When interfaces fail, people are unhappy (and often blame the wrong people). Monitoring via Help Desk. Expensive: Gartner - up to 50% of large enterprise s IT budget is spent on interfaces and integration [3] 11

12 Integration Complexity n(n-1) 12

13 ereserves: A Simple Use Case Library has books on reserve for a course. The Library checks those books out only to students in the course. 13

14 Data vs. Service SIS Course Roster Data Library Course Roster 14

15 Data vs. Service SIS Course Roster Data Library Course Roster SIS IsEnrolled Service Service StudentID, CourseID Yes/No Library 15

16 Reusability SIS IsEnrolled Service Service StudentID, CourseID Yes/No Library 16

17 Reusability SIS IsEnrolled Service Service StudentID, CourseID Yes/No Library Point of Sales System 17

18 Reusability SIS IsEnrolled Service Service StudentID, CourseID Yes/No CourseID Library Point of Sales System Portal 18

19 Data Replication Opaque Process Disconnected Point-to-Point Brittle Service Answers Transparent Connected One-to-Many Reusable Robust Composite Apps 19

20 Data vs. Service Fundamental shift away from shipping data to providing services 20

21 Data vs. Service Move to SOA to: Reduce cost and complexity Increase security Reduce data duplication Gain transparency Reusability Enable cool new applications 21

22 SOA - My Definition SOA is the exposure of business functions as services for integration and orchestration into new and interesting applications. SOA is built on reusable, shared, networked services where each service is a well defined business function.

23 Part 1: What is SOA and why should you care 17% 8% 75%

24 Part 1: What is SOA and why should you care Part 2: Technology of SOA: Web Services

25 Admit New Student - an Example Imagine a future where a new student enrolls for the first time... 25

26 Submit Application Yes Create an SIS Identity Will you need Financial Aid? Enrollment Application A New Student Choose One or more Fill out Application Display Financial Aid Offers Submit Application to F.A. Yes Fill out Application Want a Credit Union Account? Submit Application to CU Get Account Info and add cost to invoice Yes Choose One Need Housing? Display Housing Options Get Deposit Requirements add to invoice Submit Payment Display Bill Route Payment to partners 26

27 Submit Application Yes Create an SIS Identity Will you need Financial Aid? Enrollment Application A New Student Choose One Fill out Application Display Financial Aid Offers Submit Application to F.A. This is an example Yes Want a Credit Union of Account? an orchestrated Fill out Application composite Submit Application to CU Get Account initial cost and add to invoice application that SOA Yes Choose One enables Need Housing? Display Options Display Housing Options Get Deposit Requirements add to invoice Submit Payment Display Bill Route Payment to partners 27

28 Enrollment Application Create an SIS Identity Will you need Financial Aid? Display Financial Aid Offers Submit Application to F.A. SIS - NewStudent FA Institution NewLoan FA Institution NewLoan FA Institution NewLoan FA Institution NewLoan FA Institution - NewLoan Back-end Services Want a Credit Union Account? Submit Application to CU CreditUnion - NewAccount Get Account Info and add cost to invoice Need Housing? Display Options DormSystem - NewRenter Display Housing Options HouseToShareBB - NewRenter Get Deposit Requirements add to invoice AppartmentAgency - NewRenter AppartmentAgency - NewRenter AppartmentAgency - NewRenter Display Bill Route Payment to partners PaymentProcessor - PaymentService 28

29 Enrollment Application Create an SIS Identity SIS - NewStudent Will you need Financial Aid? Display Financial Aid Offers Submit Application to F.A. The Application lives above these services FA Institution NewLoan FA Institution NewLoan FA Institution NewLoan FA Institution NewLoan FA Institution - NewLoan Back-end Services Want a Credit Union Account? Submit Application to CU Get Account Info and add cost to invoice Need Housing? Display Options Display Housing Options Get Deposit Requirements add to invoice Display Bill Route Payment to partners on the Service Bus as an orchestrated set of events and it is Business Process Driven CreditUnion - NewAccount DormSystem - NewRenter HouseToShareBB - NewRenter AppartmentAgency AppartmentAgency NewRenter NewRenter AppartmentAgency - NewRenter PaymentProcessor - PaymentService 29

30 Technology Stack of Web Services Management Policy Security Service Policy Security Service Application Application 30

31 Technology Stack of Web Services WS-Policy WS-Security Management Policy Policy Security Security Service Service Application Application 31

32 Technology Stack of Web Services Repository WSDL Schema SLA Registry Service Service Application Application 32

33 Technology Stack of Web Services Repository WSDL Schema SLA UDDI - Registry Service Service Application Application 33

34 Technology Stack of Web Services Application Interface Repository Business Intelligence Business Activity Monitoring Orchestration Management Registry Policy Security Service Policy Security Service Application Application 34

35 Technology Stack of Web Services Application Interface Repository BI BAM B.P.E.L. Business Intelligence Business Activity Monitoring Orchestration Management Registry Policy Security Service Policy Security Service Application Application 35

36 Technology Stack of Web Services Security Application Interface Business Intelligence Repository Business Activity Monitoring Orchestration Management Registry Policy Security Service Policy Security Service Application Application 36

37 Technology Stack of Web Services Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) Repository Business Intelligence Business Activity Monitoring Orchestration Management Registry Policy Security Service Policy Security Service Application Application 37

38 Part 1: What is SOA and why should you care Part 2: Technology of SOA: Web Services 17% 8% 75%

39 Part 1: What is SOA and why should you care Part 2: Technology of SOA: Web Services Part 3: Migration Strategy - Organization Change

40 Migration Strategy - SOA Process - business process analysis Information - data definitions and standard schemas Infrastructure - architecture and technical gaps Vendors - helping hands Organization - Change Management 40

41 Migration Strategy - SOA Process - Business Process Analysis Prioritization - Most Pain, Most Gain Define/Document Business Process Look for optimization opportunities Use disruption to your advantage Data needs (timeliness, availability, etc) 41

42 Migration Strategy - SOA Information - Enterprise Data Definitions Let the Business Process Analysis drive the data definition process Don t build a complete dictionary Start with the most needed definitions Build on existing standards HR-XML.ORG IMS eduperson, eduorg 42

43 Migration Strategy - SOA Infrastructure - Architecture and Technology Gap analysis - what pieces are missing Do we have the right architecture in place? Business Process Analysis and Data needs drive the effort. 43

44 Migration Strategy - SOA Vendor - Evaluation to fill the gaps Business Process Analysis Enterprise Data Identification Data Definitions / Standards Development Service Design Technology Gaps 44

45 Migration Strategy - SOA Organization - Change Management Culture shift from data to services Staff training and support Integration Competency Centers (3) New Expertise Service Interface Designer (2) Service Library Manager (2) 45

46 People of the ICC Project Manager Services Architect Interface Designers Registry / Library manager Schema experts 46

47 47

48 Building the ICC Critical Success Factor Centrally funded not a charge-back center Unifying practices Easier to enact and deploy standards Manage the interface library (WS Registry a.k.a. UDDI Registry) 48

49 Organizational Change New Skills and the ICC Misalignments Governance Forces for Change 75% 17% 8% 49

50 Misalignment How we fund projects How do we measure our employees 50

51 Misalignment How we fund projects DATA - please build an app for me SERVICE - we need these reusable services Who should pay for the infrastructure? Who should pay to build the service? Who should pay to support the service? Looks a lot like Overhead 51

52 Misalignment How do we measure our employees DATA - I built these apps for these customers SERVICE - I made these reusable services Hard to measure value 52

53 Governance - Complex and Difficult Mix When you hear the words: Funding, Policy, and Security in the same talk, you know that Governance can t be far behind. 53

54 54

55 Identity Management framework Identity Management Leadership Group Registrar & H.R. co-chair Members include: Business Leaders Technical Leaders Authentication Authorization Coordinating Team Access To Data ID Card Evaluation Technical Assessment and Policy Recommendations 55

56 SOA Governance framework SOA Leadership Group CenterDRAFT Integration Competency 56

57 Who is the force for change?? SIS IsEnrolled Service Service StudentID StudentID,CourseID CourseID1 Yes/No? Library Portal? Point of Sales System? 57

58 Force 1: Architectural Purity Statement: It is good for the Enterprise. Model: We will all cooperate for the good of the whole. Never works. People don t act for the good of all when their project / budget / timeline / comfort is at risk. SIS IsEnrolled Service Service StudentID StudentID,CourseID CourseID1 Yes/No Library Portal Point of Sales System 58

59 Force 2: Consumer Statement: We want a Web service for.. Model: The first Consumer will drive the change. Rarely works. Need an alignment of good will between the Consumer(s) and Service Provider. SIS IsEnrolled Service Service StudentID StudentID,CourseID CourseID1 Yes/No Library Portal Point of Sales System 59

60 Force 3: Service Provider Statement: It is the new supported way Model: The Service Provider will set the standard Should work. Especially if the Service Provider can eliminate other feeds and if they impose costs on new feeds. SIS IsEnrolled Service Service StudentID StudentID,CourseID CourseID1 Yes/No Library Portal Point of Sales System 60

61 How would this work Service Provider eliminates multiple flat-file feeds - replaces with single Web Service. 61

62 How would this work Service Provider eliminates multiple flat-file feeds - replaces with single Web Service. Consumer can: Use Web Service Agree to SLA ICC establish Security and Policy Register use in the WS Registry 62

63 How would this work Service Provider eliminates multiple flat-file feeds - replaces with single Web Service. Consumer can: Use Web Service Agree to SLA ICC would establish Security and Policy Register use in the WS Registry Request a Flat File Go through review Pay to build & maintain feed forever Pay for whole cost of feed Agree to policy re:use, security, privacy etc. 63

64 Force 3: Service Provider Agree Or Pay SIS IsEnrolled Service Service StudentID StudentID,CourseID CourseID1 Yes/No $$$ Library Portal Point of Sales System 64

65 Organizational Change New Skills and the ICC Misalignments Funding models Employee Evaluation Governance Forces for Change 65

66 One other sticky bit... 66

67 Phylogeny and Standards 67

68 Phylogeny and Standards WS-Policy WS-Security WSDL SOAP XML 68

69 Part 1: What is SOA and why should you care Part 2: Technology of SOA: Web Services Part 3: Migration Strategy - Organization Change 17% 8% 75%

70 Roadmap to SOA view Campus Highway Building/Funding an ICC Establishment of Governance Analysis of Business Processes and BPI Reduction of Interfaces Migration to Services Core WS Technology 70

71 Our Next Steps Developing Roadmap for an ICC Developing a Roadmap for Governance Funding model Hosting model Proof Of Concepts with vendor solutions Oracle s Fusion MWare stack Sun OpenSource 71

72 Our Next Steps Model for campus involvement Working with UW-System on their role and plans Working with State level I.T. Portfolio Management project dovetails with the SOA project and with Business Process Improvement 72

73 SOA - My Definition SOA is the exposure of business functions as services for integration and orchestration into new and interesting applications. SOA is built on reusable, shared, networked services where each service is a well defined business function.

74 Move to SOA to: Conclusion Reduce cost and complexity Increase security Reduce data duplication Gain transparency Reusability Enable cool new applications 74

75 Conclusion ICC is critical. Must be seen as helping hands not an extra cost and burden to projects. Service providers could be our force for change Governance, Policy and Security are sticky issues The door has opened for SOA. 75

76 Thank you. Questions? Service Oriented Architecture Jim Phelps, Sr. I.T. Architect, DoIT, UW-Madison EDUCAUSE SAC, Auguest Copyright Jim Phelps, This work is the intellectual property of the author. Permission is granted for this material to be shared for non-commercial, educational purposes, provided that this copyright statement appears on the reproduced materials and notice is given that the copying is by permission of the author. To disseminate otherwise or to republish requires written permission from the author. 76

77 References 1. Service Oriented Architecture, Roy W. Schulte and Yefim V. Natis, Gartner, 12 April Migrating to a service-oriented architecture, Part 1, Channabasavaiah et al, IBM, 16 dec Enterprise Application Integration, Revere Group Presentation - June 26, Service-Oriented Architecture, A Field Guide to Integrating XML and Web Services, Thomas Erl - Prentice Hall 5. Introduction to Integration Compentency Centers, Darwinmag.com - integration.html 6. Enterprise Service Bus, David A. Chappell - O Reilly 7. VantagePoint SOA Reality Check, Anne Thomas Manes, Burton Group 77