Data dissemination best practice and STAR experience

Transcription

1 Data dissemination best practice and STAR experience Jacky Chaplow Informatics liaison image courtesy of strategicphilanthropyinc.com

2 Why disseminate data? Comply with current legislation and government guidance on the management and distribution of environmental information i.e. INSPIRE, Freedom of Information, Environmental Information Regulations, UK Gemini 2, UK Location Programme Comply with funder requirements e.g. NERC Data Policy, Defra Open data Strategy

3 What is the INSPIRE Directive? The INSPIRE Directive: came into force in 2007, implemented in various stages, with full implementation required by aims to create an EU spatial data infrastructure - enable information sharing among public sector organisations; facilitate public access to spatial information across Europe; assist in policy-making across boundaries. INSPIRE is based on a number of common principles: Data should be collected only once and kept where it can be maintained most effectively. It should be possible to combine seamless spatial information from different sources across Europe and share it with many users and applications. It should be possible for information collected at one level/scale to be shared with all levels/scales; detailed for thorough investigations, general for strategic purposes. Geographic information needed for good governance at all levels should be readily and transparently available. Easy to find what geographic information is available, how it can be used to meet a particular need, and under which conditions it can be acquired and used.

4 Why disseminate data? Ensure continuing availability of environmental data of long-term value for: Research Teaching Wider exploitation (by individuals, government, business, etc) Good practice stop data loss due to departing staff (students, retirements) Gain credit for depositing data through Digital Object Identifier (DOI) mechanism Formal publication of data sets, enabling the tracking of their usage through citation and data licences Allows publication of small datasets; useful for internal use, model validation, parameterisation and can be cited in journal papers

5 Benefits of data dissemination Support the integrity, transparency and openness of the research. Hand-over responsibility for long-term management of data. Data are secure, well documented, easy to discover, access and use in future Acknowledge staff that have input to the data but are not an author Journal insistence (eg. PlosOne), Royal Society report - Science as an open enterprise (

6 How to disseminate data 1. Include data with your paper as supplementary information 2. Make data available from your own website 3. DOI mechanism - deposit data: a) in line with journal recommendations (repository e.g. Dryad, FigShare) b) with a data centre Image courtesy ft.com

7 How to disseminate data 1. Include data with your paper as supplementary information No formal publication process No DOI = no credit to relevant staff (data manager, lab staff) Journal access restrictions (subscribers only or pay to download) Small dataset specific to paper 2. Make data available from your own website 3. DOI mechanism - deposit data: a) in line with journal recommendations (repository e.g. Dryad, FigShare) b) with a data centre Image courtesy ft.com

8 How to disseminate data 1. Include data with your paper as supplementary information 2. Make data available from your own website No restrictions on access to data No formal credit to the originators Lack control of the data repository protocols Relies upon the website remaining in place (not case for many project websites * ) Lack of detailed metadata Does not comply with data standards Not available to data catalogues, repositories and search engines A cross disciplinary study of link decay and the effectiveness of mitigation techniques BMC Bioinformatics 2013, 14 (Suppl 14) :S5 doi: / s14-s5. >14000 webpages published between 1996 and 2010: median lifespan 9 years with 62% archived. 1. DOI mechanism - deposit data: a) in line with journal recommendations (repository e.g. Dryad, FigShare) b) with a data centre Image courtesy ft.com

9 How to disseminate data 1. Include data with your paper as supplementary information ( 2. Make data available from your own website 3. DOI mechanism - deposit data: a) in line with journal recommendations Simple, rewarding process (DOI assigned, data promoted and citation tracked) Data is open access Embargo data May lose rights/ownership of data Access restrictions (journal subscribers) Elsevier Supported Data Repositories Charge to deposit (Dryad $80-90; FigShare costs tailored to your organisation) EC project DoReMi recommends StoreDB ( to partners a) with a data centre

10 Elsevier supported data centres Environmental and life science data centres: Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility (USA) atmospheric radiation data ( EarthChem (USA) - geochemical, geochronological, and petrological data ( Marine Geoscience Data System (USA) - Marine Geoscience Data ( PANGAEA (OS) - Earth & Environmental Science data ( Woods Hole Open Access Server (WHOAS) (USA) - Marine Biology data ( MycoBank (Intl) - fungi data ( Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC) - biogeochemical and ecological data (

11 How to disseminate data 1. Include data with your paper as supplementary information 2. Make data available from your own website 3. DOI mechanism - deposit data: a) in line with journal recommendations b) with a data centre Comply with data standards Permanently available to public and other catalogues Assistance Data open access DOI assigned Often make more data available than mentioned in paper DOI Registration Agencies ( Work with data centres to assign DOI s to data NERC has applied for ~300 DOI s from DataCite

12 NERC Environmental Data Centres and their scientific areas of interest Data Centre British Atmospheric Data Centre (BADC) National Geoscience Data Centre (NGDC) NERC Earth Observation Data Centre (NEODC) British Oceanographic Data Centre (BODC) Polar Data Centre (PDC) Environmental Information Data Centre (EIDC) UK Solar System Data Centre (UKSSDC) Area of interest Atmospheric science Earth sciences Earth observation Marine Science Polar Science Terrestrial & freshwater science, Hydrology and Bioinformatics Solar terrestrial physics and chemistry Contact See

13 What criteria must be met for my dataset to get a DOI from the EIDC? 1. DOI request must come from an author of the dataset. 2. Dataset must be: 1. stable and complete, i.e. no more additions or changes expected 2. permanent. 3. of good technical quality. 4. in an appropriate format: Microsoft Excel TM data made available comma separated variable (.csv) Ensure data opens in future using tools that are widely available Other formats - contact data centre (eidc@ceh.ac.uk) Additional metadata may be required before a DOI is assigned: 1. Lineage/Materials and methods how did the data come into existence, experimental design, fieldwork, laboratory work, calibration, analytical methods, etc? 2. Detailed column heading descriptions all abbreviations written in full, units, terminology, instruments explained.

14 What happens when my dataset is assigned a DOI? confirms the DOI and the form of words for the formal citation for the dataset. Your responsibilities once a dataset has a DOI assigned? Ensure that your dataset is cited in the literature formally, using the form of words suggested for the formal citation of the dataset and the DOI Encourage others to cite your dataset similarly. When a dataset is assigned a DOI, the data centre confirms that: Dataset will be made available for the foreseeable future There will be no additions or deletions of files/records There will be no changes to the directory structure in the dataset bundle Changes to the data or format of the data will result in new versions of the datasets with new DOIs The data centre will provide a full catalogue page (the landing or splash page) which will appear when any user clicks on the DOI hyperlink

15 What is the process? How do you get a DOI? Decide what license will accompany the data (e.g. Open Government Licence Decide on terms and conditions (as required by funder/data owner) Ensure data are well managed and have the relevant supporting information Contact Environmental Information Data Centre eidc@ceh.ac.uk to initiate the process EIDC representative will contact you to develop a Service Agreement (services required (DOI), licence, dataset title, format, size, authorship, publication date, embargo period, etc.)

16 Embargo periods Data can be embargoed for up to 2 years (in line with other data repositories) 2 years from completion of data deposit flexible. DOI available from time of data deposit BUT data can be embargoed to coincide with publication of a paper EIDC hub data holdings and supporting information are private Published at the request of the depositor or end of embargo period

17 How does CEH disseminate data? Environmental Information Data Centre (EIDC) Hub: Data repository Manages nationally important Terrestrial & freshwater science, Hydrology and Bioinformatics datasets Includes data that is not funded by CEH or NERC Standard or bespoke terms and conditions/licenses can be used Currently 277 datasets available from

18 How does CEH disseminate data? EIDC Hub data catalogue Web portal allows public to: Discover View (variety of maps services) Download data (registered users)

19 How does CEH disseminate data? EIDC Hub data catalogue - CEH Information Gateway Complies with UK Gemini 2 specification (UK version of INSPIRE) Gemini 2 - specification for a set of metadata elements for describing geospatial data resources for discovery purposes Metadata available to other Gemini compliant catalogues e.g. Data.gov.uk, BGS Metadata Catalogue, National Biodiversity Network

20 Other INSPIRE compliant catalogues CEH catalogue metadata (UK GEMINI standard) complies with INSPIRE Directive Allows data visibility in other INSPIRE complaint portals - worldwide catalogues e.g. INSPIRE GEOPORTAL 352 entries for EIDC; 369 for CEH, 17 for Caesium

21 Registered users of the CEH Information Gateway Figures do not include CEH staff; Reporting periods are financial years (April March); Figures for FY are incomplete (April Feb only) * TOTAL

22 Downloads from the CEH Information Gateway Reporting periods are financial years (April March); * Figures for FY are incomplete (April 18 Feb only) * Total External CEH Staff Total

23 Data journals Open Access data journals include: Earth System Science Data (ESSD), Nature online, Geoscience Data Journal, Ecological Archives - Data Papers, Hindawi publishing, Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data, GigaScience?, Journal of Physical and Chemical Research Data, Biodiversity Data Journal Data journals: - Report data without discussion - Publicise datasets - Allow release of information about legacy data - Provide download statistics/citation indices

24 STAR experience of data journals CEH data papers published by ESSD and associated datasets published by the EIDC: Post Chernobyl surveys of radiocaesium in soil, vegetation, wildlife and fungi in Great Britain. Chaplow, Beresford and Barnett. Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discussion paper published online December 2014, discussion.html Data: Future Flows Hydrology: an ensemble of daily river flow and monthly groundwater levels for use for climate change impact assessment across Great Britain. Prudhomme et al. Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 5, , 2013, doi: /essd Data: Future Flows Climate: an ensemble of 1-km climate change projections for hydrological application in Great Britain Prudhomme et.al. Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 4, , 2012, doi: /essd Data: