Space Technology Mission Directorate

Transcription

1 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Technology Mission Directorate Maryland Space Business Roundtable Presented by: Mr. Stephen Jurczyk Associate Administrator, STMD September

2 Space Technology. an Investment for the Future Enables a new class of NASA missions beyond low Earth Orbit. Delivers innovative solutions that dramatically improve technological capabilities for NASA and the Nation. Develops technologies and capabilities that make NASA s missions more affordable and more reliable. Invests in the economy by creating markets and spurring innovation for traditional and emerging aerospace business. Engages the brightest minds from academia in solving NASA s tough technological challenges. Addresses National Needs A generation of studies and reports (40+ since 1980) document the need for regular investment in new, transformative space technologies. Value to NASA Value to the Nation Who: The NASA Workforce Academia Small Businesses The Broader Aerospace Enterprise 2

3 Guiding Principles of the Space Technology Programs Adhere to a Stakeholder Based Investment Strategy: NASA Strategic Plan; NASA Space Tech Roadmaps / NRC Report; NASA Mission Directorate / Commercial advocacy Invest in a Comprehensive Portfolio: Covers low to high TRL; Grants & Fellowships; SBIR & prize competitions; prototype developments & technology demonstrations Advance Transformative and Crosscutting Technologies: Enabling or broadly applicable technologies with direct infusion into future missions Develop Partnerships to Leverage Resources: Partnerships with Mission Directorates and OGAs to leverage limited funding and establish customer advocacy; Public Private Partnerships to provide NASA resources and support to U.S. commercial aerospace interests Select Using Merit Based Competition: Research, innovation and technology maturation, open to academia, industry, NASA centers and OGAs Execute with Lean Structured Projects: Clear start and end dates, defined budgets and schedules, established milestones, lean development, and project level authority and accountability. Infuse Rapidly or Terminate Promptly: Operate with a sense of urgency; Rapid cadence of tech maturation; informed risk tolerance to implement / infuse quickly or terminate Place NASA at technology s forefront refreshes Agency s workforce: Results in new inventions, enables new capabilities and creates a pipeline of NASA and national innovators, and refreshes the agencies technical capabilities / workforce 3

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5 Enabling Future Exploration Missions Space Technology focus investments in 8 thrust areas that are key to future NASA missions and enhance national space capabilities. High Performance Space Propulsion Create improvements in thrust levels, specific power, and alternatives to traditional chemical propulsion systems for destinationagnostic, deep space exploration spacecraft systems. Application: Improved Affordability for Commercial and OGA Satellites High Bandwidth Space Optical Comm Substantially increase available bandwidth and data rates for near earth and deep space, currently limited by power and frequency allocation limits. Assure robust and reliable interconnected space network Application: More bandwidth for Commercial and OGA Satellites Advanced Life Support & Resource Utilization Human exploration missions beyond low earth orbit will require highly reliable technologies (e.g. reclaiming water reuse of trash, air revitalization) to minimize resupply requirements and increase independence from earth. Application: Mining Industry and other closed environments Entry Descent and Landing Systems Permits more capable science and future human missions to terrestrial bodies. Includes, hypersonic and supersonic aerodynamic decelerators, nextgen TPS materials, retro-propulsion, instrumentation and modeling. Application: Returning research from ISS and other assets from space Space Robotic Systems Extends our reach by helping us remotely explore planetary bodies, manage in-space assets and support in-space operations by enhancing the efficacy of our operations. Application: Human safe Robotics for industrial use, Disaster Response, and Autonomous Operations Lightweight Space Structures Targets large decreases in structural mass for launch vehicles and spacecraft materials using nanotechnology, composites and in space manufacturing capabilities Application: Industrial Materials and Composites for large transportation structures Deep Space Navigation Allows for more capable science and human exploration missions; enables more precise entry trajectories for inserting into orbits around planets and bodies like Mars, Europa, and Titan. Application: Next Generation GPS and launch vehicles Space Observatory Systems Allows for significant gains in science capabilities including: coronagraph technology to characterize exoplanets, advances in surface materials and better control systems for large space optics. Application: Industrial Materials, Earth Observation 5

6 Space Technology Portfolio Transformative & Crosscutting Technology Breakthroughs Pioneering Concepts/Developing Innovation Office of Community the Associate Administrator Creating Markets & Growing Innovation Economy Technology Demonstration Missions bridges the gap between early proof-of-concept tests and the final infusion of costeffective, revolutionary technologies into successful NASA, government and commercial space missions. Game Changing Development seeks to identify and rapidly mature innovative/high impact capabilities and technologies that may lead to entirely new approaches for the Agency s broad array of future space missions. Small Spacecraft Technology Program develops and demonstrates new capabilities employing the unique features of small spacecraft for science, exploration and space operations. NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts (NIAC) nurtures visionary ideas that could transform future NASA missions with the creation of breakthroughs radically better or entirely new aerospace concepts while engaging America s innovators and entrepreneurs as partners in the journey. Center Innovation Fund stimulates and encourages creativity and innovation within the NASA Centers by addressing the technology needs of the Agency and the Nation. Funds are invested to each NASA Center to support emerging technologies and creative initiatives that leverage Center talent and capabilities. Space Technology Research Grants Space Technology Research Grants seek to accelerate the development of push technologies to support future space science and exploration needs through innovative efforts with high risk/high payoff while developing the next generation of innovators through grants and fellowships. Centennial Challenges directly engages nontraditional sources advancing technologies of value to NASA s missions and to the aerospace community. The program offers challenges set up as competitions that award prize money to the individuals or teams that achieve a specified technology challenge. Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) and Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) Programs provide an opportunity for small, high technology companies and research institutions to develop key technologies addressing the Agency s needs and developing the Nation s innovation economy. Flight Opportunities facilitates the progress of space technologies toward flight readiness status through testing in space-relevant environments. The program fosters development of the commercial reusable suborbital transportation industry. 6

7 Organizational Update 7

8 STMD FY 2016 PBR ($) OCT $1,000 $900 $800 $700 $600 $500 Enacted / Planned $400 PBR $300 $200 $100 $0 FY 2012 FY 2013 FY 2014 FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 FY 2018 FY 2019 FY 2020 Budget Authority ($M) Actuals IOP PBR PPBE16 FY 2014 FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 FY 2018 FY 2019 FY 2020 Agency Technology & Innovation Space Tech Mission Directorate SBIR and STTR Space Technology Research & Development Early Stage Portfolio Centennial Challenges Flight Opportunities Small Spacecraft Game Changing Development Technology Demonstration Missions Space Technology Total

9 STMD Successes To Date Solar Array Development and Testing Advanced Thrusters and Electronics Development Composite Cryo Propellant Tank Testing Utilizing ISS as a Technology Testbed JPL H6 with magnetic shielding GRC 300M with magnetic shielding EVA Suit and ECLS Technologies Entry, Descent and Landing Technology Creating New Markets and Spurring Innovation while Engaging the Brightest Minds 9

10 NIAC FELLOWS NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts (NIAC) NASA INNOVATIVE ADVANCED CONCEPTS GOAL: NIAC funds early studies of visionary, novel, long term concepts - aerospace architectures, systems, or missions and inspires new technology development across many scientific disciplines with high potential for breakthroughs. SCOPE: Very early concepts: Technology Readiness Level 1-2 or early 3; 10+ years focus SUPPORTS 2 STUDY PHASES: Phase I: up to $100K, ~9 months to 1 year, for concept definition and initial analysis in a mission context. Phase II: up to $500K, ~2 years for further development of the most promising Phase I concepts, comparative mission analysis, pathways forward Funding to 14 U.S. States Total Proposals Selected & Funded ( Ph I & Ph II) 14 = NASA Funded Studies 25 = NON-NASA Funded Studies 14 = GOV T Funded Studies 25 = NON- GOV T Funded Studies 2014 Ph I = Ph II = Ph I = Ph II = 7 Upcoming FY 2016: Will award limited Phase I NIAC awards Will select promising NIAC Phase I concepts for NIAC Phase II studies FY : NASA will initiate new Phase I NIAC awards Further develop the most promising concepts for NIAC Phase II studies LBR: Adaptive Optics NIAC FELLOW Chris Walker, University of Arizona Highly aspheric, fast optics, star tracker, inertial guidance system High rate data link to Earth, strong spectral signature for H2O Mounted internal hardware on inflatable structure Extreme deformability Spectrochip II: Qualcomm To fly in from Antarctica : Organizational Breakdown 5% 44% 15% 36% NASA Industry Academia Other Robotic Assembly + Additive Manufacturing NIAC FELLOW ROBERT HOYT, Tethers Unlimited Mobile robot, radically different way of deploying large space systems on orbit Carbon Fiber Trusselator h performance per cost h packing efficiency h launch savings h resolution h power h sensitivity h bandwidth With a very small amount of material, it can make incredibly large structures on orbit

11 Partnering with Universities to Solve the Nation s Challenges U.S. Universities have been very successful in responding to STMD s competitive solicitations STMD-funded university space technology research spans the entire roadmap space More than 130 U.S. universities have led (or are STTR partners on) more than 550 awards since 2011 In addition, there are many other partnerships with other universities, NASA Centers and commercial contractors Program Space Technology Research Grants # awards # University-led awards NIAC Game Changing Technology Dev Small Spacecraft Technology Flight Opportunities STTR 192 Centennial Challenges 4 Challenges (2 universityrun) 181 w/ univ partners 40 teams (9 univled, 1 univ-led winner) Upcoming Opportunities Early Career Faculty Early Stage Innovations NASA Space Technology Research Fellowships NIAC Phase I NIAC Phase II Various topics released as Appendices to SpaceTech-REDDI Smallsat Technology Partnerships new in 2013 annual opportunities beginning in 2015 Tech advancement utilizing suborbital flight opportunities NRA to U.S. Universities, non-profits and industry are planned. Annual STTR solicitation Annually Annually Annually Twice Annually One or more challenges annually Challenge competitions with a procurement track to fund university teams via grants 11

12 Multi Agency Priorities and National Initiatives National Nanotechnology Initiative ($4M) Nanomanufacturing: carbon nanotube structural materials and carbon nanotube reinforced composite overwrapped pressure vessel elements, lightweight carbon nanotube/aerogel wires and cables Ultra lightweight Core for Efficient Load Bearing Structures Upcoming Early Stage Innovation Award for Topic Computationally Guided Structural Nanomaterials Design Materials Genome Initiative ($1-2M) Engaged in the National MG Initiative NASA investments leverage collaborations with Oak Ridge National Lab and The Ohio State University NASA MGI project is helping the Space Launch System with data uncertainty for RS-25 AM components STRG Early Stage Innovations 2014 Computations Materials Technology Effort Composite Overwrapped Pressure Vessel Space Synthetic Biology ($2M/yr for 3 years) Investment will focus on the development of a "biomembrane" Syn-bio enabled, lipid-based membrane will be engineered to remove contaminants, self-repair, and have extended lifetimes far beyond the state-of-the-art membranes First-ever demonstration of a self-repairing synthetic membrane National Robotics Initiative ($3M) NASA will continue to support NRI Grants. Each grantee is assigned a NASA center group or lab to work with for remainder of research Future plans for supporting a Robotics Challenge and further advance autonomous operations and telerobotics Releasing RFI seeking partners for effort in robotic mining 12

13 Centennial Challenges Goal: Engage non-traditional participants such as makers, non-government funded entities, and educational institutions to achieve the nation s challenging technology goals. How: Offers competitive challenges that award prize money to the individuals or teams that achieve the specified technology requirements. ACCOMPLISHMENTS Sample Return Robot Challenge demonstrates robots that can locate and retrieve samples from a wide and varied terrain without human control or terrestrial navigation aids. In the 2014 challenge, West Virginia University accomplished Level I and was awarded $5,000. In 2015, 27 teams are registered to compete June 9-12, Cube Quest Communications and Propulsion Challenge will demonstrate communication and propulsion technologies relevant to trans-lunar space exploration. Registration opened Nov. 24, Six teams registered as of May Competitor summit held at Ames Research Center with 150+ participants. Mars Ascent Vehicle Challenge demonstrates the ability to autonomously recover, load, and launch a simulated Mars sample cache. Competition held April 7-11, 2015 North Carolina State Univ awarded $25,000 for 1 st Place and Tarleton State Univ awarded $15,000 for second place. FY PLANS Announce and open new challenges focused on additive manufacturing and humanoid robotics. Additional topics being reviewed for potential challenges include: tissue engineering, airship technology, planetary sample cache rendezvous and capture, and technologies to enable future exploration of Europa and Venus.

14 Flight Opportunities Budget: FY2015: $10M Total funding FY2012-FY2015: $40M Goals: Matures technologies by providing affordable access to space environments Facilitates the development of the commercial reusable suborbital transportation industry Flights: Four companies on contract to provide integration and flight services aboard commercial reusable suborbital vehicles (Masten, UP Aerospace, Virgin, and World View) Uses suborbital/parabolic flights to carry payloads in reduced gravity and near the boundary of space Payloads: FY11-FY14:Unfunded payloads selected though Announcements of Flight Opportunities (AFO) FY14-FY15:SpaceTech REDDI NRA to make funds available for purchase of commercial flights Collaborating with Science Mission Directorate (e.g., USIP) and other NASA programs to make space available for technologies appropriate for the available platforms within the program Highlights: FY2015 UP Aerospace Corporation successfully launched SpaceLoft-9 (SL-9) with four payloads in October 2014 from the New Mexico Spaceport; SL-10 flight planned for Oct 2015 Masten Space Systems completed in December 2014 a flight campaign for a JPL landing technology that could be considered for use in Mars 2020 mission. World View flew PAMSS and a cosmic ray calorimeter developed by Gannon U. on their Tycho-20 high-altitude balloon (March 2015) Near Space Corporation (NSC) flew Airborne Systems Guided Parafoil twice to an altitude of about 60,000 ft; autonomous steering/landing within 33m (12km range) -70m (46km range) from programmed impact point (Aug 6 and Aug 8) Conducted three parabolic flight campaigns on NASA C9 and is on track to conduct three more campaigns before the end of Calendar Year 2015 Program has engaged emerging commercial space companies through an Announcement of Collaborative Opportunity (Topics 1&5) released on 21 June 2015 Program expects to on-ramp at least one new flight provider before the end of Calendar Year 2015 Plans for FY 2016 to FY 2017 Program plans to release technology payload solicitations semi-annually Program plans to solicit internal payloads requiring flights from NASA programs With increasing demand for flights, the program will support additional flights on suborbital reusable platforms, conducting one or more flights every month

15 Small Spacecraft Technology Upcoming Flight Demonstrations START DATE EDSN Oct 29, 2015 A low-cost cubesat swarm for distributed science observations 2014 Nodes EDSN with enhanced communication capabilities LAUNCH Dec 3, 2015 EDSN FLIGHT HARDWARE Nodes OCSD CPOD A Laser communications, formation flight, and propulsion B&C Oct 8, 2015 & Jan 2016 Jan 2016 OCSD CPOD Autonomous rendezvous and docking 2013 ISARA Jan 2016 High band-width communications Maraia ISARA Engineering Unit 2014 Maraia Suborbital test of a small re-entry capsule Oct 14, 2015 EDSN: Edison Demonstration of Smallsat Networks ISARA: Integrated Solar Array and Reflectarray Antenna OCSD: Optical Communications and Sensor Demonstration CPOD: Cubesat Proximity Operations Demonstration

16 Technology Investment: Green Propellant Infusion Mission 16

17 Technology Investment: Deep Space Atomic Clock 17 17

18 Technology Investment: Optical Space Communication Laser Communication Relay Demonstration Spacecraft Disturbance Isolation Flight Laser Transceiver Electronics & Control Point- Ahead Mirror Photon- Counting Camera Laser Transmitter

19 Technology Investment: High Power Solar Electric Propulsion Solar Arrays SEP Space Tugboat Power Processing Units (PPUs) Thrusters Propellant Feed System & Storage Tanks SEP Applications 19

20 Technology Investment: Entry, Descent, and Landing Supersonic Retro Propulsion Computer Modeling and Data Inflatable (THOR) or Mechanically Deployable (ADEPT) Entry Systems Instrumentation Low Density Supersonic Decelerator 3-D, multi-layer preform weaving technology for thermal protection 20 20

21 LDSD Testing Videos Rocket Sled PDV2 SSRS, Feb. 18, 2015 SFDT2 High Resolution Deployments SFDT2 High Altitude Supersonic Flight 21

22 SFDT 2 Damage Progression 22

23 Technology Investment: Advanced Life Support and In-Situ Resource Utilization Life Support aboard ISS Alternate Water Processor Advanced Oxygen Recovery Portable Life Support System Integrated Test Variable Oxygen Regulator 3.0 Mars 2020 Rover Mars Oxygen ISRU Experiment (MOXIE) 23 23

24 Technology Investment: Advanced Launch Systems Additive Manufacturing for combustion chambers and nozzles Composite Cryotank and dry structures ecryo for upper stage nano fiber electrode carbon nano fiber array Nanotechnology Composites for upper stage 24 24

25 Advancing Deep Space Capabilities: Progress through Missions Discovery 2014 Deep-space optical communications and Thermal Protection Systems Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Entry Descent and Landing Orion EM-1 Thermal Protection System Asteroid Redirect Mission In Space Propulsion System Mars 2020 In-situ resource utilization (ISRU): 25 56

26 Key Milestones in Green Propellant: demonstrates propellant formula, thrusters, and integrated propulsion system, for higher performing, safe alternative to highly toxic hydrazine. (Launch STP-2 NET 9/2016) Deep Space Atomic New space clock improving navigational accuracy for deep space (Launch STP-2 NET 9/2016) Purchasing major subsystems for Solar Electric Propulsion and Laser Communications demonstrations Small Spacecraft Technology: Planning seven cubesat/smallsat technology demonstration flights over the next five months. Establishing Public-Private Partnerships Released Tipping Point and Announcement of Collaborative Opportunity solicitations with awards in FY16. 26

27 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Technology Drives Exploration #NASATech #321Techoff 27

28 Space Technology Drive Exploration 28

29 BACK UP SLIDES 29

30 Advancing Deep Space Capabilities: Progress through Missions Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) First-ever comprehensive entry, descent, and landing (EDL) measurements on flight through Martian atmosphere in 2012 landing Understanding the Martian environment: measurements of water, atmosphere, and radiation Mars 2020 In-situ resource utilization (ISRU): Demonstrate oxygen conversion on Mars 2020 Continue EDL measurements on landing and include first-ever measurements on backshell Discovery 2014 Thermal protection system (TPS): New class of materials (woven TPS) in development for Venus entry in Discovery 14 Opportunity Deep-space optical communications: First-ever demonstration of highbandwidth communications from deep-space Orion EM-1 Thermal Protection System: Variant of woven TPS will be flown on EM-1 mission as the compression pads. Asteroid Redirect Mission In-space propulsion and power: high-power solar electric propulsion demonstration Possible demonstration of high-power solar arrays on ISS 30 56

31 STMD Investments to Advance Future Capabilities of Space Launch System (SLS) & Orion Composite cryogenic propellant tanks (CCPT) and Composite Evolvable Upper Stage (CEUS), develops composite technologies for SLS upgrades Evolvable Cryogenics (ecryo) develops advanced cryogenic propellant management technologies, and high capacity cryocoolers for SLS future missions Additive manufacturing of upper stage injectors, combustion chambers and nozzles for potential SLS upgrades Phase change material heat exchangers for Orion in lunar orbit 3D Woven ablative TPS for Orion heat shield compression pads Advanced oxygen recovery for Orion upgrades 31

32 STMD Investments to Advance Human Exploration High Powered SEP cargo & logistics transportation to Mars Small Fission Power / Stirling Cycle Mars surface power HIAD / ADEPT deployable entry systems for large downmass LDSD supersonic aerodynamic decelerators & supersonic retro-propulsion for the descent of large landed mass at Mars Woven TPS more efficient & flexible TPS materials for entry Closed loop air & water recovery reduced consumables Mars atmospheric ISRU (oxygen) life support and ascent vehicle oxidizer Humanoid robotics enhanced exploration / reduced crew load Optical communications high bandwidth communications 32

33 Advancing Science Mission Capabilities Entry, Descent, & Landing MEDLI, MEDLI2 & Entry Systems Modeling Mars EDL systems design Woven TPS (HEEET) Venus, Mars & Outer Planets Low Density Supersonic Decelerator (LDSD) Increased mass to Mars surface Adaptable, Deployable Entry Placement Technology (ADEPT) deployable heat shields for Venus and Mars provides much lower entry loads Propulsion & Power Green Propellant Infusion Mission (GPIM)- alternative to hydrazine Solar Electric Propulsion (SEP) enabling new science missions Small Fission power for outer planet missions Communication & Navigation Deep Space Optical Comm. (DSOC) & Laser Communication Relay Demo (LCRD) up to 10x data return for planetary and near-earth missions NICER/SEXTANT & Deep Space Atomic Clock (DSAC) Highly accurate deep space navigation, higher duty cycle for DSN data return Instruments, Sensors, & Thermal High Performance Spaceflight Computing broadly applicable to science missions AFTA / WFIRST Coronagraph to perform direct observations of exoplanets and determining their atmospheric content 33

34 STMD Investments to Advance Outer Planetary Exploration STMD is developing TPS and deep space communication technologies for infusion in SMD s Discovery 2014 Announcement Technologies in FY Deep Space Optical Communications Deep Space Atomic Clock High Performance Space Computing Small Nuclear Fission / Sterling Power (kilo-power) Woven TPS for aerocapture and outer-planetary entry Europa Ice Penetration Challenge Enabling Outer Planet Exploration Technology investments in power (solar and nuclear), radiation protection, sensing, landing, navigation, and communications could enable a broad set of small missions to compelling planetary science targets 34 34

35 STMD- Aerospace Industry Alignment Examples Structures and Materials Composite Exploration Upper Stage (CEUS) Composite structures for improved launch vehicle performance Manufacturing Materials, Nanotechnology and Manf. Processes Propulsion & Power Green Propellant Infusion Mission improved spacecraft performance & reduced toxicity and ground processing costs Solar Electric Propulsion (SEP) enabling increased power, reduced mass and longer life for commercial communication satellites Communication & Navigation LCRD replacing RF based gateway links with optical links and reduce RF spectrum utilization on commercial satellites Deep Space Atomic Clock improved timing for next generation GPS satellites Instruments, Sensors, & Robotics High Performance Spaceflight Computing for more capable radiation hard avionics for commercial communication satellites Human Robotic Systems (R5) to perform environmentally hazardous tasks and operate within terrestrial settings 35