Scalable Secure Remote Access Solutions

Scalable Secure Remote Access Solutions Jason Dely, CISSP Principal Security Consultant jdely@ra.rockwell.com Scott Friberg Solutions Architect Cisco Systems, Inc. sfriberg@cisco.com Jeffrey A. Shearer, CISSP, PMP Principal Security Consultant jashearer@ra.rockwell.com Rev 5058-CO900C Copyright 2012 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2012 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved. Agenda and Topic List What is Remote Access? What are the requirements? Secured remote Access Architectures DMZ Architectures Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) Discussion & Demonstrations Secured File Transfer & Reverse Web Proxy Demonstrations

Copyright 2012 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved. What is remote access? In order to answer this question you need to define the requirements What problems are you trying to solve and identify who has the problem? Requirements generation makes the designer consider Users / User Personas Problem Statements (i.e. what problem are we trying to solve?) Use Cases Users / User Personas Problem Statements Use Cases OEM, System Integrator Engineering Help Maintenance Troubleshoot Use Case : Remote Access from Hotel Room An OEM, SI Engineer is in a hotel and must help the customer troubleshoot a PLC or HMI program. The engineer uses the hotel internet connection and connects security to the machine at the customer site and is able to view PLC or HMI code.

Copyright 2012 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved. 8 Remote Access Requirements (1) Required to view a machine s ControlLogix processor from a hotel room to help troubleshoot the system OEM, SI, Engineer Factory Processing Filling Material Handling

Copyright 2012 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved. 9 Remote Access Requirements (2) Required to transfer a file containing ControlLogix code from a laptop to a manufacturing workstation. OEM, SI, Engineer Factory Processing Filling Material Handling

Remote Access Requirements (3) View manufacturing data from FactoryTalk VantagePoint to decision makers who are located in the enterprise (office) zone Data Center FactoryTalk Processing Filling Material Handling VantagePoint Server Copyright 2012 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2012 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved. Copy 11 Remote Access Challenges Industrial Automation and Control System (IACS) applications are often managed by plant personnel, while enterprise-level remote access solutions such as VPNs are the responsibility of the IT organization. Remote access can expose critical IACS applications to viruses, malware and other risks that may be present when using remote or partner computers, potentially impacting manufacturing Limiting the accessibility to only functions that are appropriate for remote users

Copyright 2012 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved. Controlling Access to the Manufacturing Zone Level 5 Level 4 E-Mail, Intranet, etc. Router Enterprise Network Site Business Planning and Logistics Network Enterprise Zone Terminal Services Patch Management AV Server Historian Mirror Web Services Operations Application Server Firewall Web E-Mail CIP DMZ Level 3 FactoryTalk Application Server FactoryTalk Directory Engineering Workstation Domain Controller Firewall Site Manufacturing Operations and Control Manufacturing Zone Level 2 Level 1 FactoryTalk Client Batch Control Operator Interface Discrete Control FactoryTalk Client Drive Control Engineering Workstation Continuous Process Control Operator Interface Safety Control Area Supervisory Control Basic Control Cell/Area Zone Level 0 Sensors Drives Actuators Robots Process No Direct Traffic Flow from Enterprise to Manufacturing Zone

Copyright 2012 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved. High Level Architecture Review Remote access involves cooperation between: Enterprise Zone Information Technologies (IT) and infrastructure of the facility Automation Demilitarized Zone (Automation DMZ) To design it requires knowledge of data that must move from the plant to enterprise systems Manufacturing Zone Cell and Area devices Industrial Protocols

Copyright 2012 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved. Enterprise Zone Enterprise Zone Levels 4 & 5 owned by Information Technologies (IT) Traditionally some VLAN s in place Campus to Campus communications IT knowledgeable with routing and firewalls IT will provide VPN Services for remote access You need to work with the IT personnel to get access to the DMZ

Automation DMZ Automation DMZ Shared ownership by IT and Manufacturing professionals Designed to replicate services and data Remote Access Services (Terminal Services) located here Typically IT owns firewalls IT configures the switches on behalf of Manufacturing professionals Manufacturing professionals own DMZ terminal servers, application servers, patch management servers Copyright 2012 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2012 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufacturing Zone Divide plant into functional areas for secured access ISA-SP99 Zones and Conduit model OEM s / System Integrator / Engineering Participation Required IP Address VLAN ID s Access layer to Distribution layer cooperation System design requires full cooperation of all asset owners

Copyright 2012 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved. Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) Sometimes referred to a perimeter network that exposes an organizations external services to an untrusted network. The purpose of the DMZ is to add an additional layer of security to the trusted network Internet UNTRUSTED Web Proxy BROKER DMZ TRUSTED

DMZ Topology Firewall(s) Enterprise Interface DMZ Interface Manufacturing Interface Firewalls are used to block or allow access to devices on these interfaces based on a set of rules There will be assets like switches and servers that are part of the DMZ Copyright 2012 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved. Copy 20

22 Copyright 2012 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved. Remote Desktop Technologies Allows user to remotely view and control another computer. The user will see the remote computer s screen while sending keystrokes and mouse movements to the remote computer. Two options of Remote Desktop Technologies being discussed today Option 1 Host a Remote Desktop Session from the Cisco Firewall Option 2 Host a Remote Desktop Session from a Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Computer Option 1 Remote Desktop Client Remote Desktop Client Option 2 Firewall: Secure RDP Session Host MS 2008 R2 Secure RDP Session Host Remote Desktop Remote Desktop

Copyright 2012 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved. Remote Desktop Protocol Via Cisco Firewall Remote Desktop Gateway functionality hosted from the Cisco ASA Firewall Same user experience as Microsoft Remote Desktop Gateway Configure Firewall to host the RDP session Come to AF Network & Security Booth to see how well this solution works.

Copyright 2012 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved. Remote Desktop Protocol Via Cisco Firewall Connect to the outside of the Cisco firewall via a web browser (SSL) session by opening a web browser. Continue to inside assets via Remote Desktop Protocol

Copyright 2012 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved. Remote Desktop Gateway Remote Desktop Gateway (RD Gateway), formerly Terminal Services Gateway is a role service in the Remote Desktop Services server role included with Windows Server 2008 R2. Enables authorized remote users to connect to resources on an internal corporate or private network, from any Internet-connected device that can run the Remote Desktop Connection (RDC) client. RD Gateway uses the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) over HTTPS to establish a secure, encrypted connection between remote users and internal network resources

Copyright 2012 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved. Remote Desktop Session Host CALs Anyone who wants to connect to a Remote Desktop Session Host (Terminal Server) must have a Client Access License (CAL) Consult Microsoft to Validate your CAL questions

Copyright 2012 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved. Remote Desktop Gateway Configuration Add Remote Desktop Role Connection Authorization Policies (Users) Resource Authorization Policies (Computers) Export / Import Certificates

Copyright 2012 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved. 43 Secured Shell (SSH) Secure Shell (SSH) is a network protocol for secure data communication, remote shell services or command execution and other secure network services between two networked computers that it connects via a secure channel over an insecure network This demo is running OpenSSH server on Linux You can use an SSH server on Windows as well

Copyright 2012 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved. 48 Reverse Web Proxy Evolution Website servers required protection from web users without depriving them of those services. In the summer of 1996, the Apache HTTP project wrote an add-on module in the Apache 1.1 web server Retrieves resources on behalf of a client from one or more servers. Hide the existence and characteristics of the origin server(s). Internet Pre 1996 Post 1996 Reverse Router Proxy Web Server Web Server

Copyright 2012 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved. 49 Reverse Web Proxy During the early years of the Internet, website administrators recognized the need to prevent their servers from being accessible to web users without depriving them of those services. In the summer of 1996, the Apache HTTP project wrote an add-on module called mod_proxy in the Apache 1.1 web server that allowed it to act like a reverse proxy server. A reverse proxy is a type of proxy server that retrieves resources on behalf of a client from one or more servers. These resources are then returned to the client as though it originated from the reverse proxy itself. Reverse proxies can hide the existence and characteristics of the origin server(s).

Copyright 2012 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved. 51 Summary Remote Access involves requirements generation Identifying users and support systems that require access from the enterprise to the manufacturing zone Identifying data flow, source and destination for firewall rule creation Often times minimal remote access strategies involving visibility and file transfer DMZ s for separation of enterprise and manufacturing zones recommended Security must be part of remote access design

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