Presented by Aurang Zeb 14CS-03 Network Management System
INTRODUCTION o We can define network management as monitoring, testing, configuring, and troubleshooting network components to meet a set of requirements. These function compose a system 1
Functions of a network management system 2
Configuration management A large network is usually made up of hundreds of entities that are physically or logically connected to one another, they first have initial configuration, but it can change. Desktop computers, application software, and users. Reconfiguration Adjusting the network components and features. o Hardware o Software o User accounting Documentation The original network configuration and each subsequent change must be recorded. o Hardware o Software o User accounting 3
FAULT MANAGEMENT Proper operation of the network depends on the proper operation of each component individually and in relation to each other. Reactive It is responsible for detecting, isolating, correcting, and recording faults. It handles short-term solutions to faults 3 steps. Proactive Proactive fault management tries to prevent faults from occurring e.g some product s warranty 4
Performance management Performance management tries to monitor and control the network to ensure that it is running as efficiently as possible. Ø Capacity Every network has a limited capacity, and the performance management system must ensure that it is not used above this capacity. Eg 100 stations with 2MB. Ø Throughput Performance management monitors the throughput to make sure that it is not reduced to unacceptable levels. Ø Response time Response time is normally measured from the time a user requests a service to the time the service is granted. 5
Security management Security management is responsible for controlling access to the network based on the predefined policy. Account management Accounting management is the control of users' access to network resources through charges. Under accounting management, individual users, departments, divisions, or even projects are charged for the services they receive from the network. 6
Simple network management protocol (SNMP) The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is a framework for managing devices in an internet using the TCP/IP protocol suite. It provides a set of fundamental operations for monitoring and maintaining an internet. 7
CONCEPT 8
Concept (2) A management station, called a manager, is a host that runs the SNMP client program. A managed station, called an agent, is a router (or a host) that runs the SNMP server program. Management is achieved through simple interaction between a manager and an agent. 9
Components 10
Components q SNMP : It defines the format of the packet to be sent from a manager to an agent and vice versa. Ø Rules : type, size, range, encoding. q SMI : (structure of management information) It is a protocol that defines these rules. However, we must understand that SMI only defines the rules. q MIB : (Management Information Base) creates a set of objects defined for each entity similar to a database. 11
Management overview 12
Object attributes 13
Object identifier NAME 14
Data type TYPE 15
Data types 16
Conceptual data types 17
Encoding method SMI uses another standard, Basic Encoding Rules (BER), to encode data to be transmitted over the network. BER specifies that each piece of data be encoded in triplet format 18
Encoding format Tag. The tag is a 1-byte field that defines the type of data. Length. The length field is 1 or more bytes. If it is 1 byte, the most significant bit must be O. The other 7 bits define the length of the data. If it is more than 1 byte, the most significant bit of the first byte must be 1. Value. The value field codes the value of the data according to the rules defined in BER. 19
shows how to define INTEGER 14. INTEGER 14 20
Conclusion ü Advantageous because of control. ü Provides security ü Mostly used in standardized organization ü Through this we can have knowledge of what is going on our routers or switches. 21
Thank you. 23
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol PREM KUMAR 14cs22
Context SNMP Managment History Version Advantages
What is SNMP? SNMP is a tool (protocol) that allows for remote and local management of items on the network including servers, workstations, routers, switches and other managed devices.
What is Network Management? Configuration Management Keeping track of device settings and how they function Fault Management Dealing with problems and emergencies in the network (router stops routing, server loses power, etc.) Performance Management How smoothly is the network running? Can it handle the workload it currently has?
Network Management must be... The management interface must be... Standardized Extendible Portable The management mechanism must be... Inexpensive Implemented as software only
SNMP & Network Management History 1983 - TCP/IP replaces ARPANET at U.S. Dept. of Defense, effective birth of Internet First model for net management - HEMS - High-Level Entity Management System (RFCs 1021,1022,1024,1076) 1987 - ISO OSI proposes CMIP - Common Management Information Protocol, and CMOT (CMIP over TCP) for the actual network management protocol for use on the internet Nov. 1987 - SGMP - Simple Gateway Monitoring protocol (RFC 1028) 1989 - Marshall T. Rose heads up SNMP working group to create a common network management framework to be used by both SGMP and CMOT to allow for transition to CMOT Aug. 1989 - Internet-standard Network Management Framework defined (RFCs 1065, 1066, 1067)
Versions Two major versions SNMPv1, SNMPv2 SNMPv1 is the recommended standard SNMPv2 has become split into: SNMPv2u SNMPv2* SNMPv2c
SNMP & The OSI Model 7 Application Layer Management and Agent APIs SNMP 6 Presentation Layer ASN.1 and BER 5 Session Layer RPC and NetBIOS 4 Transport Layer TCP and UDP 3 Network Layer IP and IPX 2 Data Link Layer Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI 1 Physical Layer
Advantages of using SNMP Standardized universally supported extendible portable allows distributed management access lightweight protocol