Neurotransmitters Made Easy: The Mood Brad Lander PhD, LICDC Clinical Director / Psychologist Talbot Hall - Addiction Medicine at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Key Point #1 Thinking and mood are controlled by brain chemicals (neurotransmitters) Two Functions Excitatory - excitability of a nerve cell Inhibitory Slows down activity Hall Breakfast Series 2015 1
Taken from Fred Von Stieff, MD, 2012. Brain in Balance, Ghost River Images Creative, High-energy Depression Hall Breakfast Series 2015 2
Schizophrenia ADHD Parkinson s disease Eight Neurotransmitter Systems 29 primary subtypes 83 variations Hall Breakfast Series 2015 3
Alcoholic Family Tree 1 Alcoholic Family Tree 2 Hall Breakfast Series 2015 4
Two Types Amino acid from food Glutamate, GABA Biogenic made in the brain Dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine Hall Breakfast Series 2015 5
L-phenylalanine L-Tyrosine L-DOPA Phenylalanine Tyrosine DOPA Dopamine Norepinephrine Epinephrine fish, poultry, meat, eggs legumes, cheese, milk, tofu, fruits, vegetables vitamins C, E ginseng nettles red clover dandelion peppermint 2015 Addiction Studies Institute Greater Columbus Convention Center August 12-14, 2015 www.addictionstudiesinstitute.com Hall Breakfast Series 2015 6
Neurotransmitter Systems System Function Mental Illness Drugs Medications Serotonin Well being Calm mood Self regulation Sleep, appetite, libido Social bonding Empathy Depression Anxiety Eating disorder (anorexia, bulimia) Ecstasy MDMA LSD Cocaine Selective serotonin uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) Prozac, Paxil, Celexa, Lexapro Monoamines oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) Parnate, Nardil, Marplan GABA Slows activity of other neurons Opposes glutamate Allows calming from fear created in the amygdala Generalized anxiety disorder Alcohol Benzodiazepines Barbiturates Benzodiazepines Valium, Xanax, Ativan, Versed Barbiturates Phenobarbital, Seconal, Fiorinal Antiseizure medication Neurontin, Tegretol, Depakote Other Baclofen, Roboxone Glutamate Excites other neurons Apposed by GABA Associative learning Associative memory Fixed ritualistic behavior Compulsions Obsessions Alcohol Phencyclidine (PCP) Ketamine Dextromethorphan (DMT) Campral Gabapentin Valproic acid Gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB) Glycine Ketamine Dopamine Pleasure Reinforcement Motor initiation Depression Bipolar disorder Psychosis Parkinson s disease Cocaine Amphetamine Methamphetamine Abilify Wellbutrin Haldol Gabapentin Tramadol Neurotransmitters Made Easy: The Mood Talbot Hall Breakfast Series 2015 Brad Lander, PhD, LICDC-CS
Norepinephrine Warning/vigilance Alarm Fight flight fright Decreases nerve pain Narcolepsy ADHD Depression Cocaine Methamphetamine Cymbalta Effexor Prestiq Seroquel Trazodone Tricyclic antidepressants Sinequan, nortriptyline, desipramine, amitriptyline Acetylcholine Memory Attention Memory disorder Alzheimer s Nicotine Atropine Aricept Nicoderm, Nicotrol Spiriva Sarin Endocannabinoid Movement Cognition Memory Pain control Appetite Eating disorder Anhedonia/depression Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Opiate Analgesia Sedation Decrease rate of body functions Depression Morphine Hydrocodone Oxycodone Heroin Codeine Methadone Fentanyl Tramadol Partial agonists Buprenorphine Suboxone, Subutex Full agonist Methadone Antagonist Naltrexone, ReVia, Vivitrol Neurotransmitters Made Easy: The Mood Talbot Hall Breakfast Series 2015 Brad Lander, PhD, LICDC-CS