Ross Mistry With Shirmattie Seenarine and Kevin E. Kline Microsoft SQL Server 2012 Management and Administration 800 East 96th Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46240 USA
Table of Contents Introduction 1 Part I: SQL Server 2012 Database Engine Administration and Management Topics 1 Installing or Upgrading the Database Engine to SQL Server 2012 13 What's New for Installation with SQL Server 2012? 14 Preplanning and Preparing a SQL Server 2012 Server Database Engine Installation 16 Gathering Additional Information Necessary to Proceed 25 Installing a New Installation of SQL Server 2012 31 Upgrading the Database Engine to SQL Server 2012 40 Finalizing the SQL Server 2012 Installation or Upgrade 51 Installing SQL Server 2012 on Windows Server Core 53 Managing SQL Server 2012 Installations 62 Summary 64 Best Practices 64 2 Administering and Configuring the Database Engine Settings 67 What's New for DBAs When Administering the Database Engine on SQL Server 2012 68 Administering SQL Server 2012 Server Properties 68 Administering the SQL Server Database Engine Folders 87 Administering Database Properties 98 SQL Server Database Engine Management Tasks 114 Administering the SQL Server Agent 119 Summary 123 Best Practices 124 3 Administering Storage, I/O, and Partitioning 127 What's New for DBAs When Administering Storage on SQL Server 2012 128 Storage Hardware Overview 129
vi Microsoft SQL Server 2012 Management and Administration Designing and Administering Storage on SQL Server 2012 140 Designing for BLOB Storage 158 Designing and Administrating Partitions in SQL Server 2012 164 Data Compression in SQL Server 2012 172 Summary 175 Best Practices 175 4 Creating Packages and Transferring Data On-Premise and to the Cloud 179 What's New in Integration Services for SQL Server 2012 180 Options for Creating Packages 181 Integration Services Packages 182 Developing Packages 189 Enhancing Packages 199 Deploying and Running IntegrationServices Packages 212 Transferring Data with Integration Services 221 Moving Data to the Cloud 224 Summary 228 Best Practices 228 5 Managing and Optimizing SQL Server 2012 Indexes 229 What's New for Indexes with SQL Server 2012 229 The Importance of Indexes 230 How Indexes Work 230 General Index Characteristics 238 Index Design and Strategy 242 Administering Indexes 247 Configuring Indexes for Maximum Performance 268 Summary 280 Best Practices 280 6 Backing Up and Restoring SQL Server 2012 Databases 283 What's New for Backup and Recovery with SQL Server 2012? 283 The Importance of Backups 285 Backing Up and Recovering the Database Engine 289
Contents vii Backup and Recovery Impact on Other Database Engine Features 324 Summary 330 Best Practices 330 Part II: Hardening, Auditing, and Securing SQL Server 2012 7 Hardening and Auditing a SQL Server 2012 Implementation 335 What's New for Hardening and Auditing SQL Server 2012 Implementation? 336 Windows and SQL Server Authentication 337 Using Configuration Tools to Harden the Installation 343 Hardening SQL Server Service Accounts 350 Installing Service Packs and Critical Fixes 355 Leveraging SQL Server Auditing Strategies 357 Monitoring Events with SQL Server Audit 359 Additional SQL Server Hardening Recommendations 373 Summary 379 Best Practices 380 8 Administering SQL Server 2012 Security and Authorization 383 What's New for Security and Authorization with SQL Server 2012? 383 SQL Server Security 385 Security Management DDL 398 Administering SQL Server Security 404 Contained Database Authentication 421 Summary 427 Best Practices 427 9 Encrypting SQL Server 2012 Data and Communications 429 What's New for Encryption with SQL Server 2012? 430 Encryption in SQL 431 Column Encryption 432 Securing the Data Storage 435 Extensible Key Management 444 Transparent Data Encryption 446 Securing Connections 452
viii Microsoft SQL Server 2012 Management and Administration Using Certificates 456 SQL Server and BitLocker Drive Encryption 465 Configuring BitLocker Drive Encryption on a SQL Server System 469 Summary 478 Best Practices 478 Part III: SQL Server 2012 AlwaysOn High-Availability and Disaster Recovery Alternatives 10 Implementing and Managing AlwaysOn Availability Groups 483 SQL Server 2012 AlwaysOn Availability Groups Overview 484 Implementing AlwaysOn Availability Groups 490 Managing AlwaysOn Availability Groups 509 Monitoring and Troubleshooting AlwaysOn Availability Groups 520 Summary 525 Best Practices 526 11 Implementing and Managing AlwaysOn Failover Cluster Instances 527 SQL Server 2012 AlwaysOn Failover Cluster Instances Overview 527 What's New for SQL Server 2012 AlwaysOn Failover Cluster Instances? 528 Additional Elements of AlwaysOn Failover Cluster Instances 537 Implementing a Single-Instance SQL Server 2012 Failover Cluster 544 Implementing a Multiple-Instance SQL Server 2012 Failover Cluster 564 Multi-subnet SQL Server 2012 Failover Cluster Overview 568 Implementing Multi-subnet SQL Server 2012 Failover Cluster 571 Managing Failover Clusters from a SQL Server 2012 Perspective 574 Verifying the Status of Clustered Service and Applications, Nodes, Storage, and Networks 574 Managing Failover Clusters from a Windows Server 2008 R2 Perspective 580
Contents Summary Best Practices 12 Implementing and Managing Database Mirroring SQL Server 2012 Database Mirroring Overview Combining Database Mirroring with Other SQL Server 2012 Technologies Implementing a Database Mirroring Session Managing a Database Mirroring Session Monitoring and Troubleshooting a Database Mirroring Session Summary Best Practices 13 Implementing and Managing Replication SQL Server 2012 Replication Essentials Implementing SQL Server Replication Managing SQL Server 2012 Replication Monitoring and Troubleshooting SQL Server Replication Summary Best Practices Part IV: Performance Tuning, Monitoring, Troubleshooting, and Maintenance 14 Performance Tuning and Troubleshooting SQL Server 2012 Platform Troubleshooting and Optimization Database Troubleshooting and Optimization Application Optimization and Troubleshooting Introducing Extended Events to Troubleshoot SQL Server Summary Best Practices 15 Monitoring SQL Server 2012 What's New for Monitoring in SQL Server 2012? Gaining Quick Insight into a SQL Server System The Data Collector and the Management Data Warehouse SQL Server Utilities
X Creating Operators and Sending Email Alerts 763 Using the Windows Server 2008 R2 Performance Monitoring Tools 769 Additional Tools to Monitor SQL Server 2012 776 Summary 777 Best Practices 777 16 SQL Server 2012 Maintenance Practices 779 What's New for Maintenance with SQL Server 2012? 779 Establishing a SQL Server Maintenance Plan 780 Creating a Maintenance Plan 792 Establishing Maintenance Schedules for SQL Server 805 Summary 807 Best Practices 807 Part V: Multi-Instance Management, Consolidation, and Private Clouds 17 Implementing and Managing Policy-Based Management 811 Introduction to Policy-Based Management 811 Policy-Based Management Concepts 813 Implementing Policy-Based Management 819 Monitoring and Enforcing Best Practices by Using Policy-Based Management 830 Summary 836 Best Practices 836 18 Managing Workloads with Resource Governor 839 What's New for Resource Governor in SQL Server 2012 840 Overview of Resource Governor Concepts, Workflow, and Scenarios 841 Implementing and Configuring Resource Governor 845 Creating a Workload Group 852 Understanding Default Transact-SQL Syntax with Resource Governor 858 Managing Resource Governor 860 Monitoring Resource Governor 862 Summary 867 Best Practices 868
Contents xi 19 Consolidation, Virtualization, and Private Clouds 869 Understanding Consolidation, Virtualization, and Private Cloud Strategies 870 Planning Your Implementation of Hyper-V 878 Installation of the Microsoft Hyper-V Server Role 883 Becoming Familiar with the Hyper-V Administrative Console 886 Installing a SQL Server 2012 Guest Operating System Session 889 Modifying SQL Server 2012 Guest Session Configuration Settings 893 Launching a Hyper-V Guest Session 898 Using Snapshots of Guest Operating System Sessions 900 Optimizing SQL Server 2012 for Private Cloud 903 Summary 905 Best Practices 905 Index 909