Study and Implementation of Video Compression standards (H.264/AVC, Dirac) EE 5359-Multimedia Processing- Spring 2012 Dr. K.R Rao By: Sumedha Phatak(1000731131)
Objective A study, implementation and comparison of the baseline profiles of H.264/AVC [6] and Dirac [21] For factors like video quality, bit rates, compression ratio, complexity and performance analysis A comparison of these two standards Based on quality parameters like SSIM [13], MSE [13] and PSNR [13] at various bit rates will be done
Introduction Data compression means bit-rate reduction Compression can be either lossy or lossless [9] Majority of video compression algorithms use lossy compression [1] Video compression uses modern coding techniques to reduce redundancy in video data and combines spatial image compression and temporal motion compensation. [3]
Need for Video Compression? Mainly because bandwidth is still a valuable commodity Consider a TV picture resolution of 720 480 and a frame rate of 30 fps If represented by 3 bytes per pixel 1 sec of video=31.1 MB and 1 hr of video=112gb BW required to deliver wirelessly will be 124.4 MHz
History Table 1: History of video compression standards [1]
History( ( contd.) Figure 1: Evolution of video compression standards [2]
H.264 [4] H.264/MPEG-4 Part 10orAVC(Advanced Video Coding) is a standard for video compression [3] Currently one of the most commonly used formats for the recording, compression, and distribution of high definition video [4] Good video quality at substantially lower bit rates than previous standards
H.264 Architecture Figure 2: H.264 architecture [2]
H.264 Encoder Figure 3: H.264 encoder block diagram [4]
H.264 Decoder Figure 4: H.264 decoder block diagram [4]
Dirac [21] Open and free video compression format developed by BBC research [6] Intended to provide high quality video compression for applications like Ultra HDTV Mainly competes with existing standards like H.264 [5] and VC1 [12] Hybrid video codec because it involves both transform and motion compensation
Dirac Encoder Block Diagram Figure 5: Dirac encoder block diagram [5]
Dirac Decoder Block Diagram Figure 6: Dirac decoder block diagram [5]
Thank You.
Abbreviations and Acronyms AVC: Advanced Video Coding AVS: Audio Video Standard BBC: British Broadcasting Corporation CIF: Common Intermediate Format CODEC: Coder and Decoder DCT: Discrete Cosine Transform HDTV: High-Definition Television IEC: International Electro technical Commission ISO: International Organization for Standardization ITU-T: International Telecommunication Union -Telecommunication Standardization sector JPEG: Joint Photographic Experts Group MPEG: Moving Picture Experts Group MSE: Mean Square Error MSU: Moscow State University PSNR: Peak Signal to Noise ratio QCIF: Quarter Common Intermediate Format SMPTE: Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers SSIM: Structural Similarity Metric VQMT: Video Quality Measurement Tool
References [1]Video compression standards history: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/video_compression#video [2] Video conferencing standards and technology. http://blog.radvision.com/videooverenterprise/2008/06/03/the-babel-fish-proves-video-conferencing-does-exist/ [3] K. R. Rao and D. N. Kim, Current Video Coding Standards: H.264/AVC, Dirac, AVS China and VC-1, IEEE 42nd Southeastern symposium on system theory (SSST), March 7-9 2010, pp. 1-8, March 2010. [4] S. Kwon, A. Tamhankar and K.R. Rao, Overview of H.264 / MPEG-4 Part 10, J. Visual Communication and Image Representation, vol. 17, pp.186-216, April 2006. [5]T. Borer and T. Davies, Dirac video compression using open technology, BBC EBU Technical Review, July 2005. [6] A. Ravi, and K.R. Rao, Performance analysis and comparison of the dirac video codec with H.264/MPEG-4 Part 10 AVC, International Journal of Wavelets, Multiresolution and Information Processing, vol.4, pp. 635-654, January 2010. [7] T. Wiegand, and G. Sullivan, Overview of H.264/AVC video coding standards, IEEE Transactions on circuits and systems for video technology, vol. 13, no. 7,pp. 560-576, July 2003. [8]DiracSpecification,Version2.2.3,Available:http://diracvideo.org/download/specification/dirac-spec-latest.pdf [9] General information on Data/ Video compression http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/data_compression [10] The Dirac web page: http://www.bbc.co.uk/rd/projects/dirac/technology.shtml [11] S.-T. Hsiang, A new sub band/wavelet framework for AVC/H.264 intra frame coding and performance comparison with motion-jpeg 2000", SPIE/VCIP, vol.6822, pp. 68220P-1 through 12, Jan. 2008. [12] VC-1 Compressed video bit stream format and decoding process(smpte 421M-2006), SMPTE standard, pp. 2-9, 2006. [13] Z. Wang, et al, Image quality assessment: From error visibility to structural similarity, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol.13, no.4, pp. 600-612, April 2004. [14] MSU Video quality measurement tool: http://compression.ru/video/quality_measure/video_measurement_tool_en.html#nav [15] G. J. Sullivan and J. Ohm, Recent developments in standardization of high efficiency video coding (HEVC), Proc. SPIE 7798, 77980V (2010)
References [16] Dirac developer support documentation: http://dirac.sourceforge.net/documentation/algorithm/algorithm/wlt_transform.xht [17] I. Richardson, The H.264 advanced video compression standard, Wiley, 2nd edition, 2010. [18] C. Christopoulos, A. Skodras, T.Ebrahimi, The JPEG2000 still image coding system: An Overview, IEEE Trans. on Consumer Electronics, vol.46, pp.1103-1127, Nov. 2000 [19] B. Zeng and J. Fu, Directional discrete cosine transforms -A new framework for image coding, IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 305-313, Mar. 2008. [20] K. R. Rao and P. Yip, Discrete Cosine Transform: Algorithms, Advantages, Applications(Academic Press, Boston, 1990). [21] A. Ravi, Performance analysis and comparison of the dirac video codec with H.264/ MPEG 4 Part 10 AVC, M.S thesis, EE dept., UT Arlington, Aug 2009