USING THE TWO STAY TWO STRAY TECHNIQUE TO FIND IDEAS FOR WRITING A HORTATORY EXPOSITION TEXT TO THE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS Dwi Febriyanti 1, Saunir Saun 2 Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris FBS Universitas Negeri Padang Abstract This article discusses about a technique in teaching English cooperatively for senior high school students. This technique is called the two stay two stray technique. The teacher divides class into some groups of four students. Each of the groups discusses with their original group about a topic that is given by the teacher and shares the result of their discussion to other groups. The goal of this technique is to help students to find the ideas that will be developed in their writing, especially in writing a hortatory exposition text. Key words: Writing, Hortatory Exposition, Two Stay Two Stray Technique, Senior High School Students A. Introduction In education, mastering writing skill is a requirement, especially for senior high school students. In senior high school, writing is one of the four skills that should be taught in English teaching learning process. On the other hand, it is a hard problem for the students to master writing. Brown (1990) says that among the language skills, writing is the most complicated and the most difficult skill. It is because in writing, there are several rules that have to be mastered by the students such as spelling, grammar and punctuation, coherence and organization of ideas. There are some problems found in teaching writing process in a class. The problems are not only from the students, but also from the teachers. One of the problems is many of students find difficulties in writing a text. It is difficult because the students have to find idea and should develop it in their writing. For example in writing a hortatory exposition text, the students do not know how to write and what is the topic that they are going to write and most of them also difficult to find ideas that should be developed in this text. As it is known that a hortatory exposition text is consists of some arguments that should be developed in some paragraphs. Then, the students find difficulties to apply the theory in writing that they have been known. Another problem that comes from the teachers is the teaching technique. Many of them have difficulty in applying appropriate technique in teaching writing. Most of them use monotonous techniques in the class that make class passive. That is why the teacher must be able to use various techniques to avoid boredom of the students.
Journal of English Language Teaching, Vol. 1 No. 2, September 2013, Serie B At the senior high school, the students are taught some genres. One of the genres is hortatory exposition text. A hortatory exposition text is a text that consists of some arguments. In this text, the students should develop the arguments become a good paragraph. Nevertheless, the students are difficult to find ideas or arguments in order to write a text, include a hortatory exposition text. The two stay two stray is a technique of cooperative learning. It is adapted from Kagan (1992). In learning process, this technique can give the students experience in gathering information. In this activity the students are encouraged to contribute their ideas and opinion to other students. According to Lie (2002) the two stay two stray techniquee gives the students chance to share their ideas, arguments and information to other groups. In this technique, there are some activities that give a chance to students to discuss. Then, by using this technique, students help each others. The high level and the low level of students will work together to achieve the purpose of their group. Kagan (in Suprijono, 2004) states that in using the two stay two stray technique, the teacher divides students into some groups. One group consists of 4 students. But, there is an exception for a class that has odd number of students. For example: the number of students is about 17 students, the teacher will divide students into four groups; and one of the groups is consists of 5 students. It can be illustrated by the following chart: Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 A1 B1 B1&D1 A2 B2 B2&D2 A3 B3 B3& &D3 A4 B4 C1 D1 C2 D2 C3 D3 C4 D4 B4&D4 In this activity, teacher has an important role. The teacher controls the process of this activity and helps the students who have difficulties in this activity. Then, the teacher should pay attention to the allocation of time during this activity. The two stay two stray is a technique of cooperative learning. According to Englander (in Ayu, 2009) cooperative learning is an approach of teaching and learning in which studentss consist of some small groups or teams. So, by doing this, there are many ideas that will appear and all of the students can share information and ideas. Johnson and Johnson (in Anne,1999) indicates five features of a successful cooperative learning activity: (1) students learn that their success depends upon working together independently, (2) students are accountable while achieving group goals, (3) students support and assist one another s success through face-to- working face interaction, (4) students develop social skills by cooperating and together effectively, and (5) students as a group have the opportunity to reflect on the effectiveness of working together. 166
Using The Two Stay Two Stray Dwi Febriyanti, Saunir Saun In conclusion, the discussion in this activity is useful for students; the ideas and arguments from the discussion are important in orderr to write a text, including a hortatory exposition text. So, the using of the two stay two tray technique is very helpful to generate ideas in order to write a hortatory exposition text for Senior high school students. B. Discussion 1. Preparation Before applying the procedures of the two stay two stray technique, there are some preparations that have to be prepared by the teacher, such as: material, media, exercises, and lesson plan/rpp (Rancangan Pembelajaran). The first preparation is material which is needed in teaching process. The material such as: topic and text that are prepared by the teacher has to be based on basic competence of writing skill. So, the students can understand the text easily. Then, the materials must be appropriate with the age of the students and familiar for the students because the appropriate materials make the class more interesting for the students. In using The two stay two stray technique, the teacher prepares an example of a hortatory exposition text, for example: a campaign of the important of reading. Second is media. Media is necessary in teaching writing text. By using appropriate media, it will help and motivate the students in learning English, especially in writing a text. In using the two stay two stray technique, the teacher use media such as: laptop, power point, and projector. Third is exercise. It is needed to measure the ability of the students. So that, at the end of the learning process the teacher should prepare exercises that will be given to the students. The teacher gives the exercise to the students such as: ask the students to make a paragraph by choosing the topic that is given by the teacher. The last preparation is a lesson plan/rpp (rancangan pembelajaran). Before start to teach, it is better for the teacher to make a lesson plan/rpp (rancangan pembelajaran). It is useful to explain more details about the steps in teaching process. 2. Implementation of Using The two stay two stray Technique to Find Ideas in Writing a Hortatory Exposition Text. The two stay two stray is a technique of cooperative learning. The main purpose of this activity is to generate ideas or arguments that willl be developed in a text. In this activity the teacher and the students have some role. They are: a. The Role of the Techer. The teacher has the important role in this activity. It is because during the discussion it will spend much time. So, the teacher should pay attention and control the time allocation. Besides, the teacher has role to control the students during the discussion. The students turn around to control the students activities in the group. b. The role of the Students The students have some roles in using this activity. Each of members in a group has a different role. Two of them become a guest to the other group and tell 167
Journal of English Language Teaching, Vol. 1 No. 2, September 2013, Serie B to other about the result of their discussion with their original group. The other members will stay in their original group and has a duty to write the report from their guest. At the end of this technique, the students will write a text individually based on the result from the discussion with others students. There are some stages in teaching a hortatory exposition text by using the two stay two stray technique: 1. Pre teaching Pre teaching is the first activity at the beginning of the class. The teacher check attendance list of the students. In this stage, the teacher has to pay attention about the readiness of her/his students. After the students ready to study, they can continue to the next stage. 2. Whilst teaching The first thing that is used in whilst teaching is pre writing. The teacher tries to build students background knowledge by asking some questions to the students; for example do you know Hortatory Exposition Text?, when did you ever hear the text? Then, the teacher gives an example of a hortatory exposition text as a model. The title of the text is A campaign of the important of reading (see appendix 1). The textt is shown to the class by using the power point and projector. Then, the teacher gives a chance to the students to read the text. The students take turns to reading the text. So that, they understand what is the text tells about. After read the text, teacher asks the students some question about the text, to make sure whether the students understand about the text. Next, the teacher discusses with students about the elements of the text such as: generic structure and lexicogrammatical features of the text. Then, the teacher guides the students to use the two stay two stray technique in order to make a hortatory exposition text cooperatively. First, the teacher explains the role of the students clearly. The teacher said that each members of the group has a duty. Then, the teacher writes a topic on the white board. For example: the teacher writes Where should you be after high school. The teachers divided classs into some groups. Each group consists of four people; the teacher reminds again the role of the students. Then, the teacher gives time around ten minutes to discuss about the topic which is given. After discuss with the group, two members of each group go to another groups to discusss about the topic. This activity took place until they return to their own group. Finally, the students try to make a draft in order to write a hortatory exposition text cooperatively by considering the ideas and arguments that they got from the discussion with another groups. After make a draft, each studentt makes a hortatory exposition text based on the draft. In this activity, the teacher has to manage the class during the discussion. 3. Post teaching In this activity, the students still sit in their group, but the teacher asks the students to make a hortatory exposition text individually. The teacher gives a topic about Using hand phone in schools. Then, the teacher gives time for about 15 minutes to the students to generate and shares their ideas by using the two stay two stray technique. Next, the teacher asks students to make a hortatory exposition text individually based on the ideas that they got from discussion. The 168
Using The Two Stay Two Stray Dwi Febriyanti, Saunir Saun students have time for about 30 minutes to write the text. Finally, the teacher collects the individual students work to measure the understanding of the students about hortatory exposition text. The two stay two stray technique is kind of the cooperativee learning. This technique is very helpful for the students in order to write a text, especially write a hortatory exposition text. It is because in a hortatory exposition text, the students should develop some arguments to convince their thesis. By using this technique the students will share the information to others. So, they are easy to find the ideas that will be developed in their writing. Besides, the class will be more interesting to the students because this technique involves all of the students. Each of them has duty to share ideas and information to other students in order to write a hortatory exposition text. C. Conclusion Writing is not an easy work for students because it is complicated and most difficult among skillss in English. Beside that, in the class some students also get difficulty in generatee and organize their ideas in a good writing include to write hortatory exposition text. To solve the problem there are some technique that can be use in teaching writing, one of them is The two stay two stray technique. This technique is kind of cooperative learning that can be used to help students to generate ideas and organize them in a good writing. The two stay two stray is a technique that can be used by the teacher in teaching writing especially in teaching a hortatory exposition text. Before using the two stray two stray technique, the teacher should know welll how to use this technique. So that, the teacher can explain clearly to the students what they are going to do in using this technique. In teaching writing, the teachers are suggested to use this technique because this technique helps the students generate ideas and organize it into a good writing. Beside that, by using this technique teacher will give opportunity to the students to share their ideas to others. Then, the teacher should create the good atmosphere in the process of learning to make class become more interesting for the students. In addition, the teachers are suggested to handle the time allocation during the teaching learning process. Note: this article is write based on the writer s paper with advisor Drs. Saunir Saun, M.Pd References Badan Standar Pendidikan Nasional (BSPN). 2006. Petunjuk Teknis Pengembangan Silabus dan Contoh/Model Silabus SMA/MA Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Inggris. Jakarta: Badan Standar Pendidikan Nasional(BSPN) Boardman,A. Cynthia and Frydenberg. 2002. Writing to Communicate Paragraph and Essay (second edition). New York:Pearson Education.Inc Byrd,Anne Hammond. 2009. Learning to Learn Cooperatively. English Teaching Forum.Volume 47,number 4. Retrieved on November 18, 2012 at 7 p.m 169
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