Fiber s Role in the Video Security & Surveillance Network Curt Carlson Product Manager Transition Networks
Video technology overview Typical video network architecture Limitations of copper-based cabling in video systems Benefits of fiber optic cabling What is media conversion Power over Ethernet (PoE) Technology What about PoE with fiber? Summary Agenda
Analog Video Video Technology Overview Optical transmitters modify signal output based on video content Modifications include amplitude (AM) or frequency (FM) Most commonly used for security and surveillance applications Tried and true technology and still the lowest cost option today 80% + market share today for new installations
Analog Video Optical transmitters modify signal output based on video content Modifications include amplitude (AM) or frequency (FM) Most commonly used for security and surveillance applications Tried and true technology and still the lowest cost option today 80% + market share today for new installations IP Video Video Technology Overview Video camera automatically encodes the video output into IP packets Video output can be transmitted directly over a traditional Ethernet LAN Power over Ethernet technology benefits Gaining popularity in security and surveillance applications Estimated to gain 50% + market share by 2010
Security video cameras offered in one of two formats: Analog video IP Video Analog or IP video camera functionality falls into two broad categories: Fixed Video Technology Overview Typically for entry doors, hallways, gates, etc. Pan-Tilt-Zoom (PTZ) Typically used in retail, casinos, etc. where the ability to change camera view is required and the cameras are actively monitored/controlled
Typical Analog Video System 228 meter (750ft) distance limitation on coaxial cabling runs
Typical IP Video System 100 meter (328ft) distance limitation on all UTP cabling runs
Video Security & Surveillance Realities Ever increasing reach of surveillance Leading to quality, bandwidth, and transmission distance issues Beyond the reach of traditional copper (coax or UTP) cabling New camera locations may require new cabling Many IP camera installations co-exist with analog camera networks Cabling mismatch if upgrading cameras Extended reach of network beyond original design for new cameras
Copper-based cabling limitations Limited transmission distances Coaxial cable < 228 meters (750 ft.) UTP cable < 100 meters (328 ft) Requires more equipment or signal conditioning / amplification to increase distance Susceptible to electrical interference Noise, high voltages and ground faults Quality and security risks Quality effected by distance and interference Copper-based cabling easy to tap into
Fiber Cabling Benefits Allows for extended transmission distances Multimode cable < 2km (1.24 miles) Single mode cable > 2km Smaller size, less weight and better tensile strength Easier installation when pulling through conduit or overhead cable trays Usually existing as network backbone in vertical risers and between buildings Reduce cost by utilizing existing fiber infrastructure Improve quality, bandwidth and distance of video system
Fiber Cabling Benefits High degree of security difficult to tap into or interfere with Immunity to electrical interference such as: Electromagnetic interference (EMI) Radio frequency interference (RFI) High voltage interference caused by: Fluorescent lights Card access door strikes Outdoor lighting systems Induced voltages caused by ground potential differences between locations Occurs in over 50% of all video security systems
Video Cabling Forecast
How to deploy fiber Deploy new devices with fiber ports Limited availability Expensive Copper-to-Fiber media converters Proven technology Allows the integration of fiber optic cabling in copper environments Successfully used in LANs and WANs Retail, Gov t, Education, Enterprise, Service Providers, Industrial
What is Media Conversion Technology? A media converter provides a link between different types of media (or cabling) and operates transparently to the network Supported Media Types: UTP STP MM fiber SM fiber Coax
Supported Communication Environments LAN Ethernet (10Mbps) Fast Ethernet (100Mbps) Ethernet & Fast Ethernet (10/100) Gigabit Ethernet (1000Mbps) Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, & Gigabit Ethernet (10/100/1000) 802.3ah support PoE CWDM TDM T1/E1 DS3 - T3/E3 POTS Serial RS232 and RS485 High Speed Serial Video Analog Video IP Video
Benefits of Media Conversion Benefits of Fiber Extend network distances Protect data from noise and interference Future proofing / bandwidth capacity Benefits of Media Conversion Protect investments in current hardware Flexibility: Add fiber on a port-by-port basis Save money
Enterprise Application
Media Conversion Review Copper and Fiber can co-exist in most networks Most protocols support copper to fiber conversion Various form factors are available to fit any application Benefits of Media Conversion Extend Distance Reduce Electrical Interference Protect Investments Ease of Migration Save Money
Fiber Integration In Analog Video Networks Fixed Cameras PTZ Cameras Coax to Fiber Analog Video Media Converters Coax + Serial to Fiber Analog Video + Data Media Converters Multiplexer VCR or DVR Monitor Controller
Fiber Integration In Analog Video Networks Fixed Cameras PTZ Cameras Coax to Fiber Analog Video Media Converters Coax + Serial to Fiber Analog Video + Data Media Converters Multiplexer VCR or DVR Monitor Controller
Fixed Analog Video Media Converters Uni-directional video transmission NTSC, PAL and SECAM compatibility Compatible with all CCTV equipment Real Time Full Color Video V Features Link Pass Through Automatic Gain Control Transmitter & Receiver Wide input power supply Transmitter: 9 24 VAC; 9 40 VDC Receiver: 9 16 VAC/DC
Fixed Analog Video Media Converters Typical transmitter Miniature stand-alone for space savings Direct camera mount Multiple receiver options Miniature SA for space savings Traditional size stand alone converter Converter Rack mount options Chassis Card for central monitoring location for higher density and the ability to monitor via SNMP Single or Dual Receiver card V
Analog Video + Data Media Converters Conversion of analog unidirectional video to fiber with unidirectional data over fiber NTSC, PAL and SECAM compatibility Compatible with all CCTV equipment Real Time Full Color Video Transmission Interfaces BNC (RG59/RG6) Fiber (MM or SM) Data (Terminal block [RS232/422/485]) Features Link Pass Through Automatic Gain Control Transmitter & Receiver Wide input power supply Transmitter: 9 24 VAC; 9 40 VDC Receiver: 9 16 VAC/DC V D
Analog Video + Data Media Converters Typical transmitter Miniature stand-alone for space savings Direct camera mount Multiple receiver options Traditional size stand alone converter Converter Rack mount options Chassis Card Chassis-based converters for central monitoring location for higher density and the ability to monitor via SNMP V D
IP Video and Power over Ethernet Technology IEEE 802.3af = Power over Ethernet (PoE) specification The ability of a device to transmit power as well as data on the UTP cabling link to an end device (15.4 watts) Typical end devices are IP cameras, wireless access points and IP phones IEEE 802.3at = Power over Ethernet Plus (PoE+) specification 24 Watts More power for devices like PTZ IP Cameras Backwards compatible with 802.3af equipment
Power over Ethernet Technology Enables IP Video PoE greatly simplifies camera installation and is a huge benefit to IP network camera installations vs. analog equivalent No need for an electrician to install power receptacle in a difficult location Saves time and $$$ Most IP cameras can be Powered Devices (PD) using PoE technology Switches can be Power Sourcing Equipment (PSE) PoE Injectors (also known as Midspan PSEs) simply insert power onto a CAT 5 Ethernet cable, without affecting the data. Media Converters can be Power Sourcing Equipment (PSE) PoE Media Converters, in addition to PoE Injectors, allow the addition of PoE capability to existing CAT 5 Networks while also converting from Fiber.
Typical IP Video System w/ PoE switch POE Network Switch Switch with port-selectable Power over Ethernet capability 100 meter (328ft) distance limitation on all UTP cabling runs
Typical IP Video System w/ PoE Injectors PoE Injectors 100 meter (328ft) distance limitation on all UTP cabling runs still applies
Fiber Cabling and PoE Can the benefits of fiber be realized while still taking advantage of PoE? PoE media converters can provide the data link as well as inject the power onto the UTP interface to the camera, while providing the fiber link back to the central location 100-240 VAC power Input LAN Data Interface -48VDC power Out
Fiber Integration in IP Video Networks Traditional Ethernet Media Converters Fixed Cameras Fiber Optic Cabling PC Location #1 PoE Media Converters PC Location #1 Managed Media Converter Chassis Network Switch DVR Video Server
Outdoor Applications Typical temperature requirements: -40 to +75 degrees C Enclosure mounting with no temperature control Typically 100 230 VAC or 24 to 48 VDC Serial interfaces most common today: RS232/422/485 E.g. NEMA-TS2 for Traffic Control Operating Temperature: -34 to +74 C Emissions Class A Transient voltage suppression and immunity higher than for office-grade equipment Meet the above requirements with Industrial Ethernet products
What is Industrial Ethernet? Industrial Ethernet Generic term to cover communications within non-office openarchitecture environments Environment will be customer specific Three Broad Environment Classifications: Factory Environments Outdoor (e.g. Ethernet / Traffic Control) Lite, or extended temperature
Major Characteristics of Industrial Ethernet DIN rail mounting Extended operating temperature range Designed for passive cooling (Fan-less) Rugged design, especially the case Rugged connectors in addition to RJ-45 (e.g. M12) Higher Ingress Protection rating to protect from dust / moisture Edge-based (where the devices are) Very long deployment lifetimes requiring higher reliability
Industrial Ethernet in Outdoor Locations
Industrial Fiber-to-Copper with Power-over-Ethernet (PoE) IP security camera Outdoor cabinets (non-temp controlled) Security cameras Wireless access points Cat5 (100m) Factory environments Security cameras Wireless access points VoIP Phones Outdoor cabinet (no temp control) Up to 2km MM Fiber or 20km SM Fiber Networ k
PoE Products PoE Switches Copper to copper devices Data in/out port w/ PoE power inserted on unused pairs PoE Injectors Copper to copper devices Data in port Data out port w/ PoE power inserted on unused pairs PoE Media Converters Fiber to copper devices Fiber port Copper port w/ PoE power inserted on unused pairs Office grade or industrial
Can I Incorporate My Analog Cameras Into My New IP Video Network? Video Encoder / Decoder Also known as Video CoDec or Video Server Analog video input on coax May include serial port for PTZ functionality Video stream is encoded and compressed (MJPG, MPEG2 or MPEG4) into IP packets Video output over UTP (10/100Base-TX) Fiber optic port (100Base-FX) are rare, may need to use media conversion Managed web-browser interface allows for access from any PC
Analog/IP Video Over Fiber Network
Hybrid Video Surveillance Networks Many video security and surveillance networks are undergoing transformation Conversion from Analog-based to IP-enabled video networks Analog and IP cameras will inevitably co-exist Continue to maintain existing Analog network? Many security networks will continue to be analog-based Distance reduction when moving to IP video will impede copper-based overhauls Video Servers / Codecs can ease this transition Enjoy the benefits of IP camera technology without replacing existing analog cameras
Hybrid Video over Fiber Network
Extended reach of video security and surveillance networks Leading to quality, bandwidth and transmission distance issues Cameras may be located beyond the reach of traditional copper cabling Or beyond the reach of the original network design Fiber can provide many benefits Summary Increased transmission distances extended reach Immunity to electrical interference improved video quality Greater security less risk to tampering Smaller, lighter and stronger easier installation Media Conversion can ease the transition to fiber Utilize existing network security equipment save on investment Benefits of PoE can still be utilized
Questions?