Environmental art and its relationship with the product and technical design Alttabi furat jamal Hassan 1* Bian xiang yang 2 xin xiao yu 3 1.2.3 Art Design Institute, Donghua University, shanghai. China * E-mail of the corresponding author: furathassan@hotmail.com Abstract With the vigorous development of landscape subjects, art colleges and universities all across the country have set up the urban landscape art and design or related professional. Therefore, this article on the environmental art of the urban landscape of professional art and design teaching was thinking, for teaching at home and abroad are analyzed, as well as urban landscape art and design to build a professional teaching system and teaching methods were thinking. The contemporary thesis focused on studying design operation and concept by many views, which distinguish by obligated one science side in the studying like creation, method, and design elements. Key words: Environmental Art, Design, Urban Landscape, Teaching 1.Introduction In recent years, with the landscape (Landscape Architecture) disciplines to flourish, as well as the rapid development of China's urbanization process, landscape design talents needed, so the various art colleges and universities around the urban landscape and have set up art and design or related professional. Urban Landscape art design as the environment an important part of art and design, is accompanied by the development of urbanization and urban image and connotation of the building to establish the new demands arising from a new professional direction of the visual image of the whole urban space design, related to urban outdoor space planning, outdoor environment, facility design, public art and design, greening and planting design, color scheme, lighting scheme, water, body design and many other design elements, it should be said that the field of art and design new expansion. He is different from architecture and planning and design professional teaching areas, from the perspective of art and design, architectural design, landscape design, urban planning and even urban design related to urban space and urban landscape design elements part of a unified together, a higher level of synthesis of artistic creation and "new" urban landscape environment creative activities. Therefore, as just young teachers into the teaching position for this situation, how to improve the teaching environment art work of the professional landscape design some ideas for exploring. 1. An Urban Landscape Art and Design, as well as teaching status. 1.1 Status of Urban Landscape Art and Design Over the past decade, with the rapid economic development and government attach great importance to and awareness of the physical, spiritual environment requires continuous improvement, China's urban construction has achieved an unprecedented breakthrough. People began to gradually attach importance to urban landscape art and design, but also in their own play to maintain the current urban development, economy and culture, technology and life role of an important bond. However, the current urban landscape 1
art and design is basically the existence of the design cycle is short, preliminary in-depth investigation is not complete and other issues. Only the re-development, non-heavy protection, blind to follow suit with the phenomenon of plagiarism seriously, regardless of geographical features and rich in local style of the original or a specific natural landscape, resulting in destruction of natural heritage and cultural heritage has occurred frequently, some with the old folk customs and ways neighborhoods, focusing on heritage, cultural monuments, landmarks, as well as carrying historical and cultural relics urban culture can only find in the picture memory. At the same time, a large number of urban landscape facilities functional orientation is not accurate, large-scale public spaces, non-human, making the landscape design in many cities was homogeneous, and rational, and tools oriented towards the development of urban life in the end can not become a "real" and the "real" an integral part of a departure from the object of their services - "people", also lost its own value. 1.2 Overseas teaching status of urban landscape design Landscape Design originated in the United States, is the father of modern landscape design supervision in 1857, when New York's Central Park, created by proper nouns. At present, the vast majority of American colleges and universities the landscape design profession is in horticulture from the College of Agriculture in the mind. 20th century, the College of Agriculture continue to develop horticulture in landscape design from the progressive development of growth and separated from, but in some institutions, the landscape design is just under construction or planning of professional direction. As society evolves, and Shurcliff 1900 Aomuside landscape design at Harvard University's first course opened in 1929 the establishment of urban and regional planning at Harvard University, formed the architecture, landscape architecture, urban planning tripod pattern and to develop so far, more than a century the course of development. Landscape design courses as an example to Harvard University, Harvard University's landscape design curriculum is divided into three categories: design classes, talk about lectures and seminars, independent study. Main courses landscape history, landscape technology, plant configuration, landscape planning and design theory-based. In the landscape design of teaching, on the one hand, Harvard University, nearly 30% of international students, exchange of various cultural ways of thinking will inevitably bring the students to study landscape design inspiration and enlightenment; the other hand, to study landscape design students and learning architecture learning, planning students in contact with a broader range of knowledge that can be beneficial to its design. 1.3 Domestic Urban Landscape Art and Design Teaching Status At present, the domestic landscape to open the scope of professional art and design major in the arts, agriculture, forestry, construction and other institutions of higher education. And its development rate is surprising, from the initial to the current number of nearly a thousand, but their growth rate asymmetry is a professional philosophy and training objectives are not clear; curriculum arbitrary large, non-systemic; teacher quality to be improved irrational structure, is difficult to guarantee the quality of teaching; theory and practice, and teaching content divorced from the old and so on. Therefore, how to make the urban landscape of teaching art and design reflect the characteristics of the times to meet the needs of urban construction, the arts improve the quality of teaching and enhance the quality of personnel training, have become an urgent need to solve. 2. Urban Landscape Art and Design Teaching System of Thinking As environmental art and design landscape design teaching profession has its own laws and principles. Urban Landscape Art and Design as a young, applied professional direction, the teaching system designed to comply with the construction of both the art of teaching the basic law, but also has strong characteristics of the times. Hence his emphasis on teaching content should be based first of all, good use; Secondly, as a cross-cutting characteristics of a strong professional orientation, he needs to learn from architecture, urban 2
planning, urban design, landscape design, sociology, psychology, ecology, etc. professions and disciplines, proven concept and methods. Therefore, environmental art and design in the urban landscape of professional art and design teaching contents should be composed of three levels of knowledge systems. 2.1 Professional-based Basic level of learning is to learn and master the art design of the basic theory, basic knowledge, basic skills, and so on. Mainly related to painting, design basis, design expression, formal beauty rules, appreciation of the mapping, creativity, computer-aided design and other related content, is to study urban landscape an important foundation for art and design. 2.2 Professional Design, Design Theory and Method Professional design and design methods and the theoretical level, the study refers to the urban landscape of teaching art and design principal of the whole teaching of the core content, design principles, design methodology, design theory and design accomplishment of such courses related to subjects such as design principles, design philosophy, An Introduction to the environment and ecology, as well as domestic and foreign architectural history and other content; professional design with space design, landscape art and landscape design, urban public environmental design, public facilities, design and so on. This level of teaching aims to train future urban landscape art and design expertise with comprehensive design capabilities are an important support for the professional direction and should therefore be subject to full attention. 2.3 Professional Practice Level of professional practice in teaching and learning is that the market access part of the application of the relative educational content. That part of the content is designed to further enhance the student's comprehensive ability and the ability to work co-ordination, as well as the main way the spirit of cooperation. Mainly related to the landscape art and design inspections, investigations, landscape art and design practice, design issues, as well as to professional practice, internships and so on. In short, the urban landscape is composed of the teaching of art and design should have the artistic, scientific, practical and other characteristics, highlight the basic characteristics of the professional direction, clear training objectives, so that re-application of good practice. 3. Urban Landscape Art and Design courses in teaching methods Thoughts The establishment of a high-quality, high-level and structure of the rational faculty, teaching art design for the landscape and environmental art and design disciplines, the building has a vital importance. In the past a very long period of time, environmental art and design professional teaching of teachers to enable limited to two situations: From teachers, school of architecture composed of the overall applied in teaching the theory of architecture at the expense of art forms-based training, which seriously affected the aesthetic capabilities of students. By a number of studies the composition of pure art of professional teachers, in teaching to focus only on the performance of pure art, but have neglected the teaching of engineering technical knowledge. Of modern environmental art and design in addition the scope of covered indoor space, but also includes the outdoor environment, landscape art and design. Therefore, the requirement of teachers with different knowledge structures to meet the academic requirements of the development. Landscape art design that educators wish to rely on the professional background of the teachers in this basis, supplemented by 3
gardens, environmental engineering, environmental art and design and other related professional teaching staff, work together to build landscape art and design team of educators. At the same time, landscape art and design in itself is a constantly updated continuously adjusted subjects, and many engaged in landscape art and design teachers teaching their own limited educational background and professional expertise, knowledge, inadequate reserves, and this teaching is very unfavorable. Therefore, teachers should be constantly updated knowledge of reserves, the only way that they can better teach the students. In addition, landscape art and design is a practice-oriented capacity-building curriculum designed to require professional teachers to teach book-knowledge, also in conjunction with their professional background of design practice to better guide students to complete the task design, which really make the transfer of knowledge and combine practical training. Therefore, the selection of teachers regard it should be boldly out of the existing educational model, employing well-known companies, business units or other educational institutions of professionals with special skills as a part-time teachers, and even be able to employ experienced craftsmen as teaching his assistant, this might seem a kinds of teaching methods worth trying. 3.1 To develop students ability to innovate 3.1.1 Enhance student interest in learning, active student creative thinking Traditional teaching mode is confined to school life and classroom teaching, the impact of student life experience and intellectual development. From the perspective of personnel training, social experience and social practice is not only an important way to learn knowledge, but also to cultivate the spirit of innovation and innovative capabilities necessary conditions. Can be used in teaching "research-based learning" approach so that students can bring their questions through an independent exploration, seeking ideas and methods to solve the problem; the same time, emphasis on students innovative thinking to develop students practical ability and innovative spirit, would not only be able to train their practical ability, but also train them in practice, enhance the autonomy and self-confidence, the development of creative integrity. For example, he spoke of "Residential Landscape art and design," the teaching of this section, students design concept for its little, but with curiosity and novelty, so we let the students come to life, to go over each word of mouth to find a a good real estate on-site investigation, and then back to the photo shoot from the student, from the overall layout, spatial layout, landscaping practices, landscape sketches, etc. to analyze, judge the pros and cons. Students will thus be to stimulate interest in learning, most students are from their own life experience, unrestrained, freely expressed the unique insights. Also, for example, by telling the public facilities in residential settings, some students were put forward should not only be a "peopleoriented", but also pets in residential areas should have to build more venues and convenience facilities. Although many ideas are not mature, but these are come through the students to think. Therefore, I have given to encourage, and to set aside a special class to encourage students in the classroom exchanges, learn from each other. Therefore, only provide students with freedom of expression, free thinking, free thinking, self-evaluation of the opportunity in order to enable them to freely create, develop creative thinking. 3.1.2 Context-oriented continuation of the ideological City is the accumulation of history, every city has its own production, the development process, which has experienced generations of construction and transformation, enabling different times have different historical style produced. The formation of urban culture from the point of view, a specific urban culture and its geographical location, climate, production methods, as well as the economic situation has a direct relationship between lifestyle, but if only from the urban culture itself, the urban culture should be the city's historical accumulation of concrete and a direct manifestation. As the city's landscape is also the development of the city and change. Historical traditions, cultural customs, religion, national identity, level of economic development and so reflect the city's cultural spirit. That is why cities have such characteristics of the human environment, the modern urban landscape design scope of the study material from the original form of the visual arts extended to behavioral, social, psychological, ecological and other multi- 4
disciplinary theories. Therefore, as to guide students in urban design landscape art design teaching, but also the city's historical and cultural relics should proceed, pay attention to the continuation of urban context, reflecting the city's personality and characteristics of the human environment, and create the city's regional characteristics. 3.2 The focus on practical aspects Landscape Art and Design has strong professional teaching characteristics, teaching should be attached great importance to practice. Thus, through various channels to strengthen ties with the community as much as possible so that students in the course of study and practice of the process of close contact. If the issues before the design, in addition to introduce the subject of design knowledge and methods, the appropriate increase in the design case presentation. Also you can visit a number of related works of good practice for students to feel in real life, the completion of design work effects and evaluation of its conclusion, and thus have a better understanding of design issues and appreciation. The selection of topics in the design, let students have more opportunities to participate in the actual design of the project, such as encouraging students to bring the subject of a company or business school years, under the guidance of teachers, or to allow students to participate in teacher acceptance engineering design projects, in the design practice, the theoretical knowledge learned in the classroom apply to real design, and in practice their talent. 4.Conclusion Environmental Art Design Art and Design the landscape of professional courses is a natural environment and the existing environment, analysis, planning, design, management and maintenance of discipline and art. Therefore, as a commitment to build human and the natural and social environment, a harmonious relationship between the disciplines, landscape art and design education and teaching of all-round development and high-quality education and training professionals are being adapted to the current scientific development concept and building a socialist harmonious society. Hence, the creation of environmental art and design in the landscape of professional art and design should form their own teaching landscape design features to better serve the environment, art and design disciplines and professional services, while a solid theoretical basis for the society to cultivate the ability to design a comprehensive, implementation of the Strong organizational skills environmental art design of a new highlevel talent. References: Yu Kongjian, LI Di-hua. Landscape design, professional disciplines and education [M]. Beijing: China Building Industry Press, 2003. Wu Liangyong. Looking at the turn of the century architecture of the future [J]. Architectural Journal, 1999 (8):6-10. Li, Xie Jian-hong. Application-oriented talents and training response characteristics [J], Journal of Henan Normal University, 2006 (4). Liu Bin-yi. Modern Landscape Planning and Design (2nd edition) [M], Nanjing: Southeast University Press, 2005. Ningshao strong, Mu soldiers. Art and Design Teaching Reform and personnel training studies [J]. Journal of Guilin Institute of Electronic Technology, 2000,10. 5