SALEM PUBLIC SCHOOLS Bullying Prevention and Intervention Plan 2010-2011 In Alignment with the District s Strategic Plan The Salem Public Schools Bullying Prevention and Intervention Plan complies with the MA Department of Elementary and Secondary Education s Model Plan for dealing with bullying behaviors in our schools. The Salem plan includes strategies for identifying, reporting and responding to bullying behaviors. This plan is a key part of our schools mission to to inspire students to realize their full potential and to prepare them to function successfully in a complex world and it compliments our schools student wellness and discipline policies. TABLE OF CONTENTS I. LEADERSHIP..2 II. III. IV. TRAINING AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT.. 3 ACCESS TO RESOURCES AND SERVICES..3 ACADEMIC AND NON-ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES 5 V. PROCEDURES FOR REPORTING AND RESPONDING TO BULLYING AND RETALIATION...6 VI. VII. VIII. IX. COLLABORATION WITH FAMILIES...10 PROHIBITION AGAINST BULLYING AND RETALIATION.10 DEFINITIONS 10 RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER LAWS.11 APPENDIX A: BULLYING PREVENTION AND INTERVENTION INCIDENT REPORTING FORM 1
I. LEADERSHIP A. Public involvement in developing the Plan. All interested community members were invited to provide public comment relative to the proposed Bullying Prevention Intervention Plan (BPIP) before the plan was considered for adoption by the Salem School Committee at its December 20, 2010 meeting. The School Committee, School Councils, and Olweus Committees will continue to be involved through ongoing discussions at their meetings in the development and implementation of the plan. B. Assessing needs and resources. The district will review the 2009 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS ) data and continue to collect and utilize this source of information. The principals will review baseline data from the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program (OBPP) Questionnaire and continue to collect and review OBPP Survey data on an annual basis. C. Planning and oversight. The following school or district leaders are responsible for the following tasks under the plan: 1) receiving reports on bullying the principal or assistant principal; 2) collecting and analyzing school-wide data on bullying to assess the present problem and to measure improved outcomes the principal or his/her designee and assistant superintendent; 3) creating a process for recording and tracking incident reports, and for accessing information related to targets and aggressors principal or his/her designee; 4) planning for the ongoing professional development that is required by the law OBPP Committee and assistant superintendent; 5) planning supports that respond to the needs of targets and aggressors (note the use of target instead of victim and aggressor instead of perpetrator to be consistent with DESE language) school counselors and/or psychologist with the principal or designee; 6) choosing and implementing the curricula that the school district will use assistant superintendent and principals with counselors; 7) developing new, or revising current, policies and protocols under the plan, including an internet safety policy, and designating key staff to be in charge of implementing them information systems director and assistant superintendent; 8) amending student and staff handbooks and codes of conduct principals and superintendent; 9) leading the parent or family engagement efforts and drafting parent information materials OBPP Committee and school adjustment counselor; and 10) reviewing and updating the plan each year, or more frequently school program coordinator and OBPP Committee. D. Priority Statement. The plan is aligned with the district s strategic plan. The school district is committed to providing all students with a safe learning environment that is free from bullying and cyber bullying. This commitment is an integral part of our comprehensive efforts to promote learning, and to eliminate all forms of bullying and other harmful and disruptive behavior that can impede the learning process. We will investigate promptly all reports and complaints of bullying, cyber bullying, and retaliation, and take prompt action to end that behavior and restore the target s sense of safety to ensure a positive school climate. We will support this commitment in all aspects of our school community, including curricula, instructional programs, staff development, extracurricular activities, and parent or guardian involvement. 2
II. TRAINING AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT A. Annual staff training on the Plan. Annual training for all school staff on the plan will include staff duties under the plan, an overview of the steps that the principal or designee will follow upon receipt of a report of bullying or retaliation, and an overview of the bullying prevention curricula to be offered at all grades throughout the school or district. Staff members hired after the start of the school year are required to participate in school-based training during the school year in which they are hired, unless they can demonstrate participation in an acceptable and comparable program within the last two years. As part of the district s ongoing professional development, all faculty will be provided at least annual training on effective research-based bullying prevention strategies. Additionally, the implementation of effective bullying prevention programs, including Olweus, and curriculum programs will continue with ongoing professional development. B. Ongoing professional development. The goal of professional development is to establish a common understanding of tools necessary for staff to create a school climate that promotes safety, civil communication, and respect for differences. Professional development will build the skills of staff members to prevent, identify, and respond to bullying. As required by M.G.L. c. 71, 37O, the content of school-wide and district-wide professional development will be informed by research and will include information on: (i) developmentally (or age-) appropriate strategies to prevent bullying; (ii) developmentally (or age-) appropriate strategies for immediate, effective interventions to stop bullying incidents; (iii) information regarding the complex interaction and power differential that can take place between and among an aggressor, target, and witnesses to the bullying; (iv) research findings on bullying, including information about specific categories of students who have been shown to be particularly at risk for bullying in the school environment; (v) information on the incidence and nature of cyberbullying; and (vi) Internet safety issues as they relate to cyberbullying. Professional development will also address ways to prevent and respond to bullying or retaliation for students with disabilities that must be considered when developing students Individualized Education Programs (IEPs). This will include a particular focus on the needs of students with autism or students whose disability affects social skills development. C. Written notice to staff. The school or district will provide all staff with an annual written notice of the plan by publishing information about it, including sections related to staff duties, in the school or district employee handbook and the code of conduct. III. ACCESS TO RESOURCES AND SERVICES A. Identifying resources. As part of the yearly assessment of needs and the financial resources needed, each principal with the assistance of school counselors will assess the capacity of his/her school to provide services for targets, aggressors and their families. B. Counseling and other services. Each school has a team that includes the principal, assistant principal(s), school adjustment counselor, guidance counselors, nurse, and other support 3
personnel that reviews student s needs. The school adjustment counselor will take the lead in developing safety plans for students and providing social skills groups. It is the intention of the district to implement the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program in January 2011. In order to stop bullying it must be addressed at every level of a student s experience. The Olweus Bullying Prevention Program is a whole-school program aimed at preventing or reducing bullying throughout the school. The Olweus Bullying Prevention Program is designed to improve peer relations and make schools safer, more positive places for students to learn and develop. Goals of the program include: Reducing existing bullying problems among students; Preventing new bullying problems; Achieving better relations at school Backed by 35 years of research and successful worldwide implementation, the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program is a long-term, system-wide program for change involving program components at four levels: 1. School Level: Establish a Bullying Prevention Coordinating Committee (BPCC) Conduct committee and staff trainings Administer the Olweus Bullying Prevention Questionnaire school wide Hold staff discussion group meetings Introduce the school rules against bullying Review and refine the school s supervisory system. Hold a school kick-off event to launch the program. Involve parents 2. Individual-Level Components: Supervise students activities Ensure that all staff members intervene on the spot when bullying occurs Hold meeting with students involved in bullying Hold meetings with parents of involved students Develop individual intervention plans for involved students 3. Classroom-level Components: Post and enforce school-wide rules against bullying Hold regular class meetings Hold meetings with students parents 4. Community-Level Components Involve community members on the Bullying Prevention Coordinating Committee Develop partnerships with community members to support the school s program Help to spread the anti-bullying messages and principles of best practice in the community C. Students with disabilities. As required by M.G.L. c. 71B, 3, as amended by Chapter 92 of the Acts of 2010, when the IEP Team determines the student has a disability that affects social skills development or the student may participate in or is vulnerable to bullying, harassment, or teasing because of his/her disability, the Team will consider what should be included in the IEP to develop the student's skills and proficiencies to avoid and respond to 4
bullying, harassment, or teasing. D. Referral to outside services. Each school s team will review their referral protocols and the school adjustment counselor, school psychologist and school counselors, in consultation with the principal will take the lead in making referrals to outside agencies. (See Olweus above) IV. ACADEMIC AND NON-ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES The Salem Public Schools will provide age-appropriate instruction on bullying prevention in each grade that is incorporated into the schools evidence-based curricula. Effective instruction includes classroom approaches, whole-school initiatives and focused strategies for bullying prevention and social skills development. A. Specific bullying prevention approaches. Bullying prevention curricula will be informed by current research which, among other things, emphasizes the following approaches: using scripts and role plays to develop skills; empowering students to take action by knowing what to do when they witness other students engaged in acts of bullying or retaliation, including seeking adult assistance; helping students understand the dynamics of bullying and cyberbullying, including the underlying power imbalance; emphasizing cybersafety, including safe and appropriate use of electronic communication technologies; enhancing students skills for engaging in healthy relationships and respectful communications; and engaging students in a safe, supportive school environment that is respectful of diversity and difference. Initiatives will also teach students about the student-related sections of the Bullying Prevention and Intervention Plan. The plan should include specific information about how and when the school or district will review the plan with students. B. General teaching approaches that support bullying prevention efforts. The following approaches are integral to establishing a safe and supportive school environment. These underscore the importance of our bullying intervention and prevention initiatives: setting clear expectations for students and establishing school and classroom routines; creating safe school and classroom environments for all students, including for students with disabilities, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender students, and homeless students; communicating with parents and guardians regarding the school s goals and expectations for students and students safety; using appropriate and positive responses and reinforcement, even when students require discipline; using positive behavioral supports; encouraging adults to develop positive relationships with students; modeling, teaching, and rewarding pro-social, healthy, and respectful behaviors; using positive approaches to behavioral health, including collaborative problem-solving, conflict resolution training, teamwork, and positive behavioral supports that aid in social 5
and emotional development; using the Internet safely; and supporting students interest and participation in non-academic and extracurricular activities, particularly in their areas of strength. V. POLICIES AND PROCEDURES FOR REPORTING AND RESPONDING TO BULLYING AND RETALIATION A. Reporting bullying or retaliation. Reports of bullying or retaliation may be made by staff, students, parents or guardians, or others, and may be oral or written. Oral reports made by or to a staff member shall be recorded in writing. A school or district staff member is required to report immediately to the principal or designee any instance of bullying or retaliation the staff member becomes aware of or witnesses. Reports made by students, parents or guardians, or other individuals who are not school or district staff members, may be made anonymously. The school or district will make a variety of reporting resources available to the school community including, but not limited to, an Incident Reporting Form, a voicemail box, a dedicated mailing address, and an email address. Use of an Incident Reporting Form is not required as a condition of making a report. The school or district will: 1) include a copy of the Incident Reporting Form in the beginning of the year packets for students and parents or guardians; 2) make it available in the school s main office, the counseling office, the school nurse's office, and other locations determined by the principal or designee; and 3) post it on the school s website. The Incident Reporting Form will be made available in the most prevalent language(s) of origin of students and parents or guardians. At the beginning of each school year, the school or district will provide the school community, including administrators, staff, students, and parents or guardians, with written notice of its policies for reporting acts of bullying and retaliation. A description of the reporting procedures and resources, including the name and contact information of the principal or designee, will be incorporated in student and staff handbooks, on the school or district website, and in information about the Plan that is made available to parents or guardians. 1. Reporting by Staff A staff member will report immediately to the principal or designee when he/she witnesses or becomes aware of conduct that may be bullying or retaliation. The requirement to report to the principal or designee does not limit the authority of the staff member to respond to behavioral or disciplinary incidents consistent with school or district policies and procedures for behavior management and discipline. 2. Reporting by Students, Parents or Guardians, and Others The school or district expects students, parents or guardians, and others who witness or become aware of an instance of bullying or retaliation involving a student to report it to the principal or designee. Reports may be made anonymously, but no disciplinary action will be taken against an alleged aggressor solely on the basis of an anonymous report. Students, parents or guardians, and others may request assistance from a staff member to complete a written report. Students will be provided practical, safe, private and age-appropriate ways to 6
report and discuss an incident of bullying with a staff member, or with the principal or designee. B. Responding to a report of bullying or retaliation. 1. Safety Before fully investigating the allegations of bullying or retaliation, the principal or designee will take steps to assess the need to restore a sense of safety to the alleged target and/or to protect the alleged target from possible further incidents. Responses to promote safety may include, but not be limited to, creating a personal safety plan; pre-determining seating arrangements for the target and/or the aggressor in the classroom, at lunch, or on the bus; identifying a staff member who will act as a safe person for the target; and altering the aggressor s schedule and access to the target. The principal or designee will take additional steps to promote safety during the course of and after the investigation, as necessary. The principal or designee will implement appropriate strategies for protecting from bullying or retaliation a student who has reported bullying or retaliation, a student who has witnessed bullying or retaliation, a student who provides information during an investigation, or a student who has reliable information about a reported act of bullying or retaliation. (Include locally established student safety planning policies and procedures here.) 2. Obligations to Notify Others a. Notice to parents or guardians. Upon determining that bullying or retaliation has occurred, the principal or designee will promptly notify the parents or guardians of the target and the aggressor of this, and of the procedures for responding to it. There may be circumstances in which the principal or designee contacts parents or guardians prior to any investigation. Notice will be consistent with state regulations at 603 CMR 49.00. b. Notice to Another School or District. If the reported incident involves students from more than one school district, charter school, non-public school, approved private special education day or residential school, or collaborative school, the principal or designee first informed of the incident will promptly notify by telephone the principal or designee of the other school(s) of the incident so that each school may take appropriate action. All communications will be in accordance with state and federal privacy laws and regulations, and 603 CMR 49.00. c. Notice to Law Enforcement. At any point after receiving a report of bullying or retaliation, including after an investigation, if the principal or designee has a reasonable basis to believe that criminal charges may be pursued against the aggressor, the principal will notify the local law enforcement agency. Notice will be consistent with the requirements of 603 CMR 49.00 and locally established agreements with the local law enforcement agency. Also, if an incident occurs on school grounds and involves a former student under the age of 21 who is no longer enrolled in school, the principal or designee shall contact the local law 7
enforcement agency if he or she has a reasonable basis to believe that criminal charges may be pursued against the aggressor. In making this determination, the principal will, consistent with the Plan and with applicable school or district policies and procedures, consult with the school resource officer, if any, and other individuals the principal or designee deems appropriate. C. Investigation. The principal or designee will investigate promptly all reports of bullying or retaliation and, in doing so, will consider all available information known, including the nature of the allegation(s) and the ages of the students involved. During the investigation the principal or designee will, among other things, interview students, staff, witnesses, parents or guardians, and others as necessary. The principal or designee (or whoever is conducting the investigation) will remind the alleged aggressor, target, and witnesses that retaliation is strictly prohibited and will result in disciplinary action. Interviews may be conducted by the principal or designee, other staff members as determined by the principal or designee, and in consultation with the school counselor, as appropriate. To the extent practicable, and given his/her obligation to investigate and address the matter, the principal or designee will maintain confidentiality during the investigative process. The principal or designee will maintain a written record of the investigation. Procedures for investigating reports of bullying and retaliation will be consistent with school or district policies and procedures for investigations. If necessary, the principal or designee will consult with legal counsel about the investigation. (Align this with school or district procedures.) D. Determinations. The principal or designee will make a determination based upon all of the facts and circumstances. If, after investigation, bullying or retaliation is substantiated, the principal or designee will take steps reasonably calculated to prevent recurrence and to ensure that the target is not restricted in participating in school or in benefiting from school activities. The principal or designee will: 1) determine what remedial action is required, if any, and 2) determine what responsive actions and/or disciplinary action is necessary. Depending upon the circumstances, the principal or designee may choose to consult with the students teacher(s) and/or school counselor, and the target s or aggressor s parents or guardians, to identify any underlying social or emotional issue(s) that may have contributed to the bullying behavior and to assess the level of need for additional social skills development. The principal or designee will promptly notify the parents or guardians of the target and the aggressor about the results of the investigation and, if bullying or retaliation is found, what action is being taken to prevent further acts of bullying or retaliation. All notice to parents must comply with applicable state and federal privacy laws and regulations. Because of the legal requirements regarding the confidentiality of student records, the principal or designee cannot report specific information to the target s parent or guardian about the disciplinary action taken unless it involves a stay away order or other directive that the target must be aware of in order to report violations. 8
E. Responses to Bullying. 1. Teaching Appropriate Behavior Through Skills-building Upon the principal or designee determining that bullying or retaliation has occurred, the law requires that the school or district use a range of responses that balance the need for accountability with the need to teach appropriate behavior. M.G.L. c. 71, 37O(d)(v). Skillbuilding approaches that the principal or designee may consider include: offering individualized skill-building sessions based on the school s/district s anti-bullying curricula; providing relevant educational activities for individual students or groups of students, in consultation with guidance counselors and other appropriate school personnel; implementing a range of academic and nonacademic positive behavioral supports to help students understand pro-social ways to achieve their goals; meeting with parents and guardians to engage parental support and to reinforce the antibullying curricula and social skills building activities at home; adopting behavioral plans to include a focus on developing specific social skills; and making a referral for evaluation. 2. Taking Disciplinary Action If the principal or designee decides that disciplinary action is appropriate, the disciplinary action will be determined on the basis of facts found by the principal or designee, including the nature of the conduct, the age of the student(s) involved, and the need to balance accountability with the teaching of appropriate behavior. Discipline will be consistent with the Plan and with the school s or district s code of conduct. Discipline procedures for students with disabilities are governed by the federal Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEA), which should be read in cooperation with state laws regarding student discipline. If the principal or designee determines that a student knowingly made a false allegation of bullying or retaliation, that student may be subject to disciplinary action. 3. Promoting Safety for the Target and Others The principal or designee will consider what adjustments, if any, are needed in the school environment to enhance the target's sense of safety and that of others as well. One strategy that the principal or designee may use is to increase adult supervision at transition times and in locations where bullying is known to have occurred or is likely to occur. Within a reasonable period of time following the determination and the ordering of remedial and/or disciplinary action, the principal or designee will contact the target to determine whether there has been a recurrence of the prohibited conduct and whether additional 9
supportive measures are needed. If so, the principal or designee will work with appropriate school staff to implement them immediately. VI. COLLABORATION WITH FAMILIES The Salem plan includes strategies to engage and collaborate with students families in order to increase the capacity of the school or district to prevent and respond to bullying. A. Parent education and resources. The school or district will offer education programs for parents and guardians that are focused on the parental components of the anti-bullying curricula and any social competency curricula used by the district or school. The programs will be offered in collaboration with the PTO, PTA, School Councils, Special Education Parent Advisory Council, or similar organizations. B. Notification requirements. Each year the school or district will inform parents or guardians of enrolled students about the anti-bullying curricula that are being used. This notice will include information about the dynamics of bullying, including cyberbullying and online safety. The school or district will send parents written notice each year about the student-related sections of the Plan and the school's or district's Internet safety policy. All notices and information made available to parents or guardians will be in hard copy and electronic formats, and will be available in the language(s) most prevalent among parents or guardians. The school or district will post the Plan and related information on its website. VII. PROHIBITION AGAINST BULLYING AND RETALIATION Acts of bullying, which include cyberbullying, are prohibited as specified in M.G.L. c. 71, 37O: (i) on school grounds and property immediately adjacent to school grounds, at a schoolsponsored or school-related activity, function, or program whether on or off school grounds, at a school bus stop, on a school bus or other vehicle owned, leased, or used by a school district or school; or through the use of technology or an electronic device owned, leased, or used by a school district or school, and (ii) at a location, activity, function, or program that is not school-related through the use of technology or an electronic device that is not owned, leased, or used by a school district or school, if the acts create a hostile environment at school for the target or witnesses, infringe on their rights at school, or materially and substantially disrupt the education process or the orderly operation of a school. Retaliation against a person who reports bullying, provides information during an investigation of bullying, or witnesses or has reliable information about bullying is also prohibited. As stated in M.G.L. c. 71, 37O, nothing in this Plan requires the district or school to staff any non-school related activities, functions, or programs. VIII. DEFINITIONS Aggressor is a student who engages in bullying, cyberbullying, or retaliation. Bullying, as defined in M.G.L. c. 71, 37O, is the repeated use by one or more students of 10
a written, verbal, or electronic expression or a physical act or gesture or any combination thereof, directed at a target that: i. causes physical or emotional harm to the target or damage to the target s property; ii. places the target in reasonable fear of harm to himself or herself or of damage to his or her property; iii. creates a hostile environment at school for the target; iv. infringes on the rights of the target at school; or v. materially and substantially disrupts the education process or the orderly operation of a school. Cyberbullying, is bullying through the use of technology or electronic devices such as telephones, cell phones, computers, and the Internet. It includes, but is not limited to, email, instant messages, text messages, and Internet postings. See M.G.L. c. 71, 37O for the legal definition of cyberbullying. Hostile environment, as defined in M.G.L. c. 71, 37O, is a situation in which bullying causes the school environment to be permeated with intimidation, ridicule, or insult that is sufficiently severe or pervasive to alter the conditions of a student s education. Retaliation is any form of intimidation, reprisal, or harassment directed against a student who reports bullying, provides information during an investigation of bullying, or witnesses or has reliable information about bullying. Staff includes, but is not limited to, educators, administrators, counselors, school nurses, cafeteria workers, custodians, bus drivers, athletic coaches, advisors to extracurricular activities, support staff, or paraprofessionals. Target is a student against whom bullying, cyberbullying, or retaliation has been perpetrated. Olweus definition A person is bullied when he or she is exposed, repeatedly and over time, to negative actions on the part of one or more other persons and he or she has difficulty defending him or herself (repeated intentional imbalance of power) IX. RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER LAWS Consistent with state and federal laws, and the policies of the school or district, no person shall be discriminated against in admission to a public school of any town or in obtaining the advantages, privilege and courses of study of such public school on account of race, color, sex, religion, national origin, or sexual orientation. Nothing in the Plan prevents the school or district from taking action to remediate discrimination or harassment based on a person s membership in a legally protected category under local, state, or federal law, or school or district policies. In addition, nothing in the plan is designed or intended to limit the authority of the school or district to take disciplinary action or other action under M.G.L. c. 71, 37H or 37H½, other applicable laws, or local school or district policies in response to violent, harmful, or disruptive behavior, regardless of whether the Plan covers the behavior. 11