Adaptive Web Interfaces Presented by : Anwesha Deb Spring 2010 CS6125- WHIM ad2773@columbia.edu
Introduction Webpages have evolved from just plain text to hypertext with inclusion of media i.e. has become dynamic. Use of DHTML, CSS and Flex, Flash etc. to built RIAs (Rich Internet Applications). They may be technologically advanced BUT They are not exactly Intelligent They are targeted at mass audience Does not adapt to individual s needs SOLUTION : Adaptive Web Interfaces
What are Adaptive Web Interfaces? Also called Adaptive Hypermedia New direction of research in the field of User Modeling and Hypermedia MAJOR AIM : to be more user aware Transform websites to cater to the individual needs of the user. But why do we need adaptable web interfaces?
Static Hypermedia Vs. Adaptive Hypermedia Static hypermedia Provides all users with same content and links Deciding variables are constant One size fits all, generic All links pre-decided No clustering Adaptive hypermedia Provides individual users with different content and links Deciding variables are dynamic Tailored to fit individuals, custom Links determined at runtime clustering Flat Hierarchical All users ONE group group1 group2 group Subgroup1 Subgroup2
Static Hypermedia Vs. Adaptive Hypermedia Static hypermedia User web browser HTTP REQUEST Same page for all users Web Server Database containing all pages Adaptive hypermedia [Corin 2003]
Architecture of AHA(adaptive hypermedia architecture) [De Bra et al. 2001]
Adaptive framework How is adaptation done? Observation module Transformation module Consists of atomic concepts pages abstract concepts relationships adaptive presentation adaptive navigation Concepts are : User characteristics, Usage data, User data Contd..
Adaptive framework Transformation module Conditional inclusion of fragments Adaptive presentation (content level adaptation) Stretch-text Adaptive navigation (link level adaptation) Explanation variant & reordering info Direct guidance Link hiding Link annotation Link removal Made possible with A-HTML (adaptive HTML) Tags: <A-html></A-HTML> <add>,<delete> Attributes: Highlight, promote, Demote, time etc. Link disabling
ifference with Personalized portal In Personalized Portals Customization burden is on the user. The user must have some understanding of the site from before hand Fails to achieve COLLABORATIVE FILTERING Adaptive interfaces overcomes all these drawbacks
Advantages Simple example : Non-adaptive- CLIO Page, would have been helpful if could save most frequently searched call numbers. Adaptive- Amazon.com, shows most recently searched Items as well as related searches. adaptive recommendations based on individual user Amazon.com Provides collaborative filtering e.g. Wal-Mart Site AVANTI Project adaptive interfaces for the disabled. Helpful for the vision, hearing impaired and others who deserves equal access to all information Takes web-based education to the next level Walmart.com
Conclusion Disadvantages : - Security - Poor user modeling - Inconsistency due to dynamic behavior But overall advantages overpowers its pitfalls and is DEFINITELY better approach than standalone web designing, harnessing the power of human-computer interaction and making browsing easier for all users.
Bibliography [Corin 2003] Anderson Corin, Adaptive website Research, Washington university http://www.the4cs.com/~corin/research/aws/ [Brusilovsky et al. 1998] Brusilovsky, P. Methods and techniques of adaptive hypermedia: P. Brusilovsky, A. Kobsa and J. Vassileva (eds.): Adaptive Hypertext and Hypermedia. Dordrecht: Kluwer, Academic Publishers, 1998 http://www.springerlink.com/content/ln3j16077v24k774/fulltext.pdf [Brusilovsky 1996] Brusilovsky, P, Methods and techniques of adaptive hypermedia. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction, 1996 http://www.springerlink.com/content/ln3j16077v24k774/fulltext.pdf [Perkowitz et al 2000] Perkowitz,Mike and Etzioni,O.Adaptive Sites: Automatically Learning from User Access Patterns,Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Washington, 2000 http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.37.8999 The entire presentation is based on the paper submitted earlier and all relevant citations can be found in the paper. Thank you..