SAS on Unix/Linux- from the terminal to GUI. L Gakava & S Kannan October 2015
Agenda All about the terminal o Customising your terminal o Basic Linux terminal commands o Running SAS in non-interactive mode o Available SAS file editors o What to look out for on Unix/Linux platform All about Graphical User Interface (GUI) o Launching SAS GUI. o Changing SAS default behaviour o SAS ToolBox commands o SAS editor commands.
Motivation - Why Use SAS On Unix/Linux? Using SAS on UNIX/Linux Platform o Company migrating to UNIX/Linux o Joining a company which is using SAS on the Linux platform Challenge Too many commands to learn! Why Use SAS On Unix/Linux o Customising Linux sessions will ensure you increase work efficiency by taking advantage of the imbedded Linux tools. In general transferring and running large files will be quicker in Linux compared to PC*.
Terminal What to expect when you login? % pwd /home/username % ls Customise: Update.bashrc file with this line PS1='$IV $PWD$EE> ' will change your prompt to show the following: /home/username>
Terminal Navigation Command ls ls -a mkdir cd directory cd cd ~ cd.. Meaning list files and directories list all files and directories make a directory change to named directory change to home-directory change to home-directory change to parent directory
Terminal Navigation Command cp file1 file2 mv file1 file2 rm file rmdir directory cat file less file head file tail file grep 'keyword' file wc file Meaning copy file1 and call it file2 move or rename file1 to file2 remove a file remove a directory display a file display a file a page at a time display the first few lines of a file display the last few lines of a file search a file for keywords count number of lines/words/ characters in file
Terminal useful commands How do you find out if a version of a file has changed? /home/username>diff file1.txt file2.txt Command to compare two files. This is useful to compare outputs that have been re-run with an older version. This will compare line by line, hence it s only useful to compare different versions of the same file. This command cannot be used to compare datasets.
Terminal useful commands How do I search for text in multiple files? /home/username>grep -i <string filename> How do I run SAS in non-interactive mode/batch? /home/username>sas <filename> How do I run code that is resource intensive? /home/username> sas memsize max mysascode.sas
Editing SAS files How do I edit SAS files? Linux editors for plain text can be divided into two categories: 1. Console text editors- include emacs, jed, nano, pico and vim. 2. Graphical GUI editors - include gvim, gedit, Nedit, Slick edit, Tea and Sublime The advantage of the GUI editor is intuitive user friendly interface while the benefit of the console text editor is the suitability over long distance network connections which may or may not provide suitable bandwidth or reliability which would both be required by the GUI editors for remote operation. Console based text editors. GUI editors Face to face meeting or teleconference.
What to look out for? LINUX platform is case sensitive and file directories and external file names called within SAS are case sensitive but the SAS session is not. Code written in PC SAS might not run on SAS because the Microsoft Windows and Linux operating systems store text files in a different format. It is good practice convert a file from Microsoft Windows to Linux format by using a dos2unix command on the terminal. /home/username> dos2unix mysascode.sas
Still other things Other things to keep in mind Use the & at the end of Linux commands. This means the command will be executed in the background and you can continue using the terminal. Otherwise you will have to wait for the command to execute before you can use the terminal. If you have a 3-button mouse you can copy text by highlighting the text using your mouse. This automatically copies the text and you can paste the text by pressing down the wheel on the mouse.
Terminal help If in doubt man it!!! Type man or fman command to access the system's reference manuals. It can be used to search for occurrences of specific text and other useful functions.
ALL ABOUT GUI /home/username>sas&
Changing default behavior Selecting and copying text
Changing default behavior Truncation of inserted text? Text is not split at the cursor when you press ENTER or RETURN? I cannot use PC shortcuts to copy and paste texts? Modify the entries in the SAS: KEYS window
Changing default behavior
Remember my configuration settings?
SAS ToolBox
Program editor commands
Editing commands Copy c[n] Mark 1 or N lines to be copied cc Move m[n] mm Delete d[n] dd Insert ia[n] i[n] ib[n] Mark boundary of block to be copied Mark 1 or N lines to be moved Mark boundary of block to be moved Mark 1 or N lines to be deleted Mark boundary of block to be deleted Insert 1 or N lines after this point Insert 1 or N lines from this point Insert 1 or N lines before this point
Other useful editing commands Changing case cu[n] cl[n] ccu ccl mcu mcl Justification jl[n] jjl[n] jc[n] jjc[n] jr[n] jjr Change 1 or N lines to upper case Change 1 or N lines to lower case Change block to upper case Change block to lower case Change marked text to upper case Change marked text to lower case Left justify line to position N Left justify block to position N Centre justify to line length N Centre justify block to line length N Right justify 1 or N lines Right justify block
Other useful editing commands Repetition r[n] rr Indentation >[N] >>[N] )[N] ))[N] <[N] <<[N] ([N] (([N] Repeat 1 or N times Repeat block Right shift 1 or N spaces Right shift block 1 or N spaces Right shift destructive 1 or N spaces Right shift destructive block 1 or N spaces Left shift 1 or N spaces Left shift block 1 or N spaces Left shift destructive 1 or N spaces Left shift destructive block 1 or N spaces
CONCLUSION This presentation gives the basis for a less painful transition to using SAS on Linux from PC. o There is greater flexibility in using Linux and the reader is encouraged to explore this in more detail to increase their productivity when using SAS on Linux.
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