New spectrum for mobile and wireless broadband : spectrum sharing challenges 21 st Annual Spectrum Summit Spectrum on the move Emmanuel FAUSSURIER, ANFR (emmanuel.faussurier@anfr.fr) 13/07/2016, Lichtenau (Baden), Germany
NEW SPECTRUM FOR AND WIRELESS BROADBAND : SPECTRUM SHARING CHALLENGES 01. ABOUT SPECTRUM SHARING... p.03 02. SPECTRUM REGULATORY FRAMEWORK p.04 Organisation in France 03. BROADBAND / WIRELESS BROADBAND p.05 Frequency bands harmonised in Europe L-band: timing availability issue 3.4-3.8 GHz: primary band suitable for the introduction of 5G in Europe 5 GHz RLANs: possible new mitigation techniques? 04. NEW SPECTRUM ABOVE 24 GHZ TO SUPPORT 5G REQUIREMENTS p.09 05. CONCLUSION p.14
01. ABOUT SPECTRUM SHARING Spectrum sharing is the general rule but might not always be feasible or desirable and use of refarming might become an option. Spectrum sharing actually refers both to various regulatory approaches in spectrum management fostered by administrations and to technology solutions developed by industry that can be implemented at equipment level or through enhanced systems (e.g. relying on database). Spectrum sharing can take place at different levels from a regulatory perspective: between different radio communication services, whether at international level for services with a global footprint (satellite, aeronautical, maritime), based on provisions in the Radio Regulations and coordination of frequency assignments, or at national level between different applications based e.g. on provisions set in European harmonisation measures between different entities or type of users (e.g. governmental vs commercial use) between different licensed users of the same application (e.g. PMR services, Point-to-point links) between protected primary users and licence-exempt users (e.g. radars and EESS vs 5 GHz RLANs) between different licence-exempt users subject the same regulatory conditions (e.g. 2.4 GHz regulations for wideband data transmission systems) between different licence-exempt users subject to different regulatory conditions (different set of conditions may apply for SRDs in the same frequency band)...
02. SPECTRUM REGULATORY FRAMEWORK Organisation in France Radio spectrum Harmonisation process Governmental use Defence Public safety National Table of Frequency Allocations (NTFA) Civil aviation Meteorology Maritime & waterways Radio Astronomy Commercial use / non governmental (telecom, broadcasting, SRDs ) Individual authorisation framework General authorisation framework National legislation governing the allocation of frequency bands International / cross-border coordination Frequency assignments coordination Authorisation by NRA Individual authorisation General authorisation Fine technical management of frequency bands National legislation authorising the use of spectrum Users 4
03. BROADBAND / WIRELESS BROADBAND Frequency bands harmonised in Europe 800 MHz 900 MHz L band 1800 MHz 2.1 GHz Mobile broadband / MFCN Frequency allocation Exclusive access: services delivered today using frequency bands exclusively allocated for mobile broadband Shared access: introduction of Licensed Shared Access (LSA) Enable to unlock access to additional frequency bands for mobile broadband under individual authorisation regime Alternative to spectrum clearing/refarming Individual authorisation Spectrum usage rights delivered to MNOs: essentially based on principle of exclusive license for frequency blocks on a national basis Rights and obligations (capacity, coverage) The BEM concept facilitate the implementation of spectrum rights of use which are as technology neutral as possible Wireless broadband Shared access / General authorisation 2.3 GHz Shared with military/ wireless camera 2.4 GHz 3.6 2.6 GHz 3G/4G 3.6 GHz Harmonisation measures: key features Harmonised / preferred band plan Block Edge Mask (BEM): coexistence and flexibility Band Frequency band ECC Decision EC Decision 700 694-790 MHz ECC Decision (15)01 2016/687 (EU) 800 790-862 MHz ECC Decision (09)03 2010/267/EU 900 880-915 MHz / ECC Decision (06)13 2009/766/EC 925-960 MHz 1800 1710-1785 MHz / ECC Decision (06)13 2009/766/EC 1805-1880 MHz L 1452-1492 MHz ECC Decision (13)03 2015/750 (EU) 2.1 1920-1980 MHz / ECC Decision (06)01 2110-2170 MHz 2.3 2300-2400 MHz ECC Decision (14)02 2012/688/EU 2.6 2500-2690 MHz ECC Decision (05)05 2008/477/EC 3.6 3.8 3.8 GHz Shared with satellites 3 400-3 600 MHz 3 600-3 800 MHz 5 GHz... ECC Decision (11)06 60 GHz Licenseexempt Licenseexempt Licenseexempt 2008/411/EC 5
L-band: timing availability issue Frequency band 1452-1492 MHz harmonised in Europe for Mobile/Fixed Communications Networks Supplemental Downlink (MFCN SDL) since 2013 The WRC-15 identified the frequency bands 1427-1452 MHz and 1492-1518 MHz for IMT. ECC tasked ECC PT1 to assess relevant timing for harmonisation and availability of the 1427-1452 MHz and 1492-1518 MHz frequency bands for MFCN. CEPT supports ITU-R harmonisation process CEPT VIEWS on band plan G1 for 1427-1518 MHz in recommendation ITU-R M.1036 The CEPT has reviewed the candidate band plans for the implementation of mobile systems in 1427-1518 MHz. The CEPT supports band plan G1 as illustrated in the Figure below: Long timeframe required to ensure availability of L band in France Significant refarming work required shared access not adequate Modification of the usage rights in NTFA requires planning of the migration of existing usages Fixed service : 1600 point-to-point radio links in the duplex bands 1375-1400 MHz / 1427-1452 MHz Frequency band 1492-1518 MHz allocated to the military in France and also used by PMSE applications Ongoing authorisation for a digital terrestrial broadcast service in the 1452-1467.424 MHz band. Currently, there is no commercialised service in this band. Public consultation planned by ARCEP to assess the demand Harmonisation process required to encourage industry development
3.4-3.8 GHz: primary band suitable for the introduction of 5G in Europe Key steps for national implementation - Public consultation by ARCEP to assess the demand - French NTFA : adjustment of usage rights towards exclusive allocation for ARCEP together with refarming of limited number of existing microwave links used by home office - Definition of technical conditions to ensure coexistence between mobile and fixed-satellite services Shared access between mobile broadband and receiving Earth stations Initial studies using single entry methodology : definition of iso-e.i.r.p. Ongoing studies by ANFR to assess potential aggregate interference receiving Earth stations About 5 to 10 locations with Earth stations to be protected pending decision on renewal of existing licenses DRAFT RSPG Opinion on spectrum related aspects for next-generation wireless systems (5G) The RSPG considers the 3400-3800 MHz band to be the primary band suitable for the introduction of 5G use in Europe even before 2020, noting that this band is already harmonised for mobile networks, and consists of up to 400 MHz of continuous spectrum enabling wide channel bandwidth. This band has the possibility to put Europe at the forefront of the 5G deployment.
5 GHz RLANs: possible new mitigation techniques? Existing regulations for 5 GHz : 5150-5350 MHz (indoor use only) and 5470-5725 MHz WRC-15 discussions Inter-American proposal focusing on possible expansion of RLAN use into the 5350-5470 MHz frequency range European Multi-country proposal to broaden the studies to encompass the frequency range 5150-5925 MHz Considering the interest by RLAN industry in using the frequency bands 5350-5470 MHz and 5725-5925 MHz on a global basis as extension bands and that characteristics of 5 GHz RLAN systems are evolving, Recognizing that studies performed in 2012-2015 concluded that sharing with EESS in 5350-5470 MHz and certain types of radars in 5350-5470 MHz and 5725-5 850 MHz is not feasible. New agenda item for WRC-19 : studies in frequency band 5150-5925 MHz Investigation on possible new mitigation techniques. Resolution 239 (WRC-15) Spectrum regulations applicable in Europe to 5 GHz RLANs Decision 2005/513/EC sets the policy rules in terms of vertical sharing i.e. the obligation to use mitigation techniques to ensure protection of identified primary users. Suitable mitigation techniques are described in ETSI EN 301 893 Other requirements to ensure access to various users and technologies (i.e. horizontal sharing ) to the 5 GHz bands are defined in ETSI EN 301 893. The standard must provide verifiable mechanisms so as to give confidence to industry in terms of compliance with the legal requirements and in terms of effective protection of primary users.
04. Enabling access to new spectrum above 24 GHz to support 5G requirements World Radiocommunication Conference 2015 (WRC-15), Geneva, Switzerland, 2-27 November 2015 WRC-15 adopted under its agenda item 10 the agenda for the next WRC planned in 2019 (WRC-19) WRC-19 agenda item 13 : 1.13 to consider identification of frequency bands for the future development of International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT), including possible additional allocations to the mobile service on a primary basis, in accordance with Resolution COM6/20 (WRC-15) The ITU-R is tasked to perform appropriate studies during study period 2016-2019 1) studies to determine the spectrum needs for the terrestrial component of IMT in the frequency range between 24.25 GHz and 86 GHz [...] 2) sharing and compatibility studies for the frequency bands: 24.25-27.5 GHz, 37-40.5 GHz, 42.5-43.5 GHz, 45.5-47 GHz, 47.2-50.2 GHz, 50.4-52.6 GHz, 66-76 GHz and 81-86 GHz, which have allocations to the mobile service on a primary basis; and 31.8-33.4 GHz, 40.5-42.5 GHz and 47-47.2 GHz, which may require additional allocations to the mobile service on a primary basis Focused WRC-19 agenda item relating to 5G requirements Limited to selected frequency bands for studies above 24 GHz: the focus is on identifying frequency bands that could offer large portion of contiguous spectrum to support 5G 9
Passive band (5.340) AMATEUR - AMATEUR SATELLITE RADIOLOCATION Review of frequency bands for studies (1) Frequency band 24.25-27.5 GHz Mobile Amateur Satellite Scientific Fixed Broadcasting Radiolocation Scientific (passive bands) INTER- SAT. INTER-SATELLITE 5.536 EESS (passive), RADIO ASTRONOMY, SPACE RESEARCH (passive) FIXED- SATELLITE (E-to-s) 5.532B Satellite data relay systems (including EDRS from ESA/AIRBUS) EARTH EXPLORATION-SATELLITE (space-to-earth) SPACE RESEARCH (space-to-earth) Use of EESS and SRS by ESA and EUMETSAT systems FIXED-SATELLITE (Earth-to-space) 5.516B Worldwide development for satellite broadband communications FIXED 24.25-27.5 GHz Allocated at WRC-12 for BSS feeder links in relation with 21.4-22.0 GHz, limited to Earth stations with 4.5 m minimum antenna diameter 26 GHz FS band (24.5-26.5 GHz) Historically used for Wireless local loop (WLL) systems and now used for P-P fixed service (37000 P-P links and 3500 P-MP links in Europe). Recommendation T/R 13-02 Note: the figures depict only frequency allocations to primary services in Region 1 10
Passive band (5.340) Review of frequency bands for studies (2) Frequency band 31.8-33.4 GHz Mobile Amateur Satellite Scientific Fixed Broadcasting Radiolocation Scientific (passive bands) INTER-SATELLITE EESS (passive), RADIO ASTRONOMY, SPACE RESEARCH (passive) EESS (passive) RADIO ASTRONOMY SPACE RESEARCH(passive) Airborne radar systems under development (alternative MMW band for civil radionavigation applications: 95-100 GHz) RADIONAVIGATION 5.547A 5.548 RADIOLOCATION FIXED 5.547 31.8-33.4 GHz 31.8-33.4 GHz identified in RR No 5.547 for HDFS (high-density applications in the fixed service) 32 GHz FS band (31.8-33.4 GHz) ERC/REC/(01)02 11
AMATEUR - AMATEUR SATELLITE Passive band (5.340) EESS (passive), SPACE RESEARCH (passive) Review of frequency bands for studies (3) Frequency bands 37-43.5 GHz, 45.5-50.2 GHz and 50.4-52.6 GHz Mobile Amateur Satellite Scientific Fixed Broadcasting Radiolocation Scientific (passive bands) EESS (passive) SRS (passive) 5.149 SRS FIXED-SATELLITE (space-to-earth) HDFSS MSS BROADCASTING- SATELLITE Sufficient portion of the satellite Q/V bands should remain available for FSS development, including for small Earth stations FSS RAS 5.149 -SATELLITE RADIONAVIGATION-SATELLITE RADIONAVIGATION FIXED-SATELLITE (Earth-to-space) 5.516B 5.516B 5.338A 5.338A Sufficient portion of the satellite Q/V bands should remain available for FSS development EESS (passive), SPACE RESEARCH (passive) FSS FSS WRC-19 AI 9.1.9 BROADCASTING FIXED 5.547 FIXED FIXED 5.547 5.338A 38 GHz FS band (37-39.5 GHz) Heavy use in Europe for mobile BS backhaul. Recommendation T/R 12-01 37-43.5 GHz 45.5-50.2 GHz Frequency band 40.5-43.5 GHz, initially planned within CEPT for MWS Multimedia Wireless Systems (see ECC/REC/(01)04), presents a good availability in Europe 50.4-52.6 GHz 37-40 GHz, 40.5-43.5 GHz, 51.4-52.6 GHz identified in RR No 5.547 for HDFS (highdensity applications in the fixed service) Limits defined in Resolution 750 (Rev. WRC-12) applies in certain bands to protect EESS (passive) 12
AMATEUR - AMATEUR SATELLITE Passive band (5.340) Review of frequency bands for studies (4) Frequency bands 66-71 GHz, 71-76 GHz and 81-86 GHz Mobile Amateur Satellite Scientific Fixed Broadcasting Radiolocation Scientific (passive bands) INTER-SATELLITE -SATELLITE RADIONAVIGATION-SATELLITE RADIONAVIGATION FIXED-SATELLITE (space-to-earth) MSS BSS BS RAS 5.149 RADIOLOCATION FIXED-SATELLITE (Earth-to-space) -SATELLITE (Earth-to-space) RADIO ASTRONOMY 5.149 EESS (passive), RADIO ASTRONOMY, SPACE RESEARCH (passive) FIXED FIXED 5.338A 66-71 GHz 71-76 GHz 81-86 GHz 70/80 GHz FS band (71-76 GHz and 81-86 GHz) ERC/REC/(05)07 13
05. Conclusions The trend towards shared access should increase in the context of 5G systems DRAFT RSPG Opinion on spectrum related aspects for next-generation wireless systems (5G) under public consultation RSPG (Radio Spectrum Policy Group) recommends that already-harmonised bands are re-used to support the initial growth of 5G 3400-3800 MHz : primary band suitable for the introduction of 5G use in Europe even before 2020, 5G will need to be deployed also in bands already harmonised below 1 GHz, including particularly the 700 MHz band, in order to enable nationwide and indoor 5G coverage. there will be a need to ensure that technical and regulatory conditions for all bands already harmonised for mobile networks are fit for 5G use. Frequency bands above 24 GHz : to give sufficient guidance to industry, the RSPG will aim to identify at the earliest opportunity a suitable band to be made available in Europe. The RSPG believes that considerations of bands above 6 GHz for 5G shall be limited to the bands listed by WRC-15 in order to strengthen the global harmonisation opportunities. This work should focus on the frequency bands proposed by Europe, in particular the bands 24.5-27.5 GHz, 31.8-33.4 GHz and 40.5-43.5 GHz. The RSPG intends to identify which one of these could be harmonised in Europe for early implementation. 14
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