Hounslow JSNA: Physical Activity Factsheet May 2014 1. Introduction This factsheet includes physical activity in children, young people and adults in the London Borough of Hounslow. Physical activity is becoming increasingly important with regard to the wider determinants of health and a person s behavioural, physical and mental health and cognitive domain. Physical inactivity is the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality and is the main cause for approximately 21 25% of breast and colon cancers, 27% of diabetes and 30% of ischaemic heart disease burden 1. Physical activity is defined as Any force exerted by skeletal muscle that results in energy expenditure above resting level. (Department of Health, 2011) Physical activity therefore includes the full range of human movement, from competitive sport and exercise to active hobbies, walking, cycling, or activities of daily living as can be seen in figure 1. In England 39% of men and just 29% of women (self) report that they meet the recommended levels of physical activity and in children just 32% of boys and 24% of girls meet the recommended guidelines 2. 1.1 Physical Activity recommendations for health In 2011 the four Chief Medical Officers (CMOs) across the UK Countries produced new guidance on physical activity. The new guidelines entitled Start Active, Stay Active (Department of Health, 2011) focus on achieving health gains through a life course approach to physical activity and include new recommendations for under-5s. The full detail on the recommended levels is depicted in Figure 2. The health benefits of being physically active include prevention of obesity and Type 2 diabetes, improvements in skeletal health, psychological health benefits, particularly for selfesteem and depression, improved cognitive function 3 (strong evidence that it can improve the health of those with a physical cognitive disability 4 ), improve academic achievement 5 and is linked to reduced levels of smoking, alcohol and illegal drug use 6. Health indicators such as obesity track from childhood to adulthood. Establishing a physically active lifestyle in childhood can lead to a more active lifestyle as an adult. The impact of socioeconomic status, ethnicity and culture, and socialisation is evident in the development of knowledge and attitudes to, and ultimately patterns of, physical activity. 1 World Health Organization (2011). Global recommendations on physical activity for health. WHO: Geneva. 2 British Heart Foundation (BHF) (2012) Physical Activity Statistics 3 National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) (2007). Public Health Collaborating Centre Physical activity; Promoting physical activity for children Review One: Descriptive epidemiology. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. London. 4 US Department of Health and Human Services (2008).Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 5 Castelli, D.M. Hillman, C.H. Buck, S.M. Erwin. H.E. (2007); Physical fitness and academic achievement in third and fifth grade students. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology 2007; 29: 239 252. 6 Physical Activity Task Force (2002); Let s Make Scotland More Active A Strategy for Physical Activity. Edinburgh: TSO. Factsheet contact: Marianne Boyle (marianne.boyle@hounslow.gov.uk). 1
1.2 Economic benefit of a physically active population In 2013 Sport England commissioned the British Heart Foudnation Promotion Research Group at Oxford University to examine the primary and secondary care costs attributable to physical inactivity. This has been broken down by local authority area and for Hounslow the total cost of physical inactivity equates to 5,168,100 at a total cost per 100,000 of 2,299,470 7. Reducing this expenditure through increasing the physical activity levels of the Hounslow population can significantly reduce the burden of chronic diseases on health and social care services. 2. The Local Picture 2.1 Adults In Hounslow just 23.6% of the adult population (16 and over) meet the recommended guidelines for physical activity. Broken down this equates to 27.6% of all males and just 19.9% of females, lower than the national average 8. It must also be noted that this is self-reported data which is often over estimated and whilst there has been variation in reported levels since they first reported in 2005 (19.7%) it is not significantly different, longer term plans need to be implemented to really make a significant impact. The Active People Survey highlights that residents participation is lower than average in females, those with a disability and certain ethnic groups. We need to take this into account in the way we target our outreach work and centre-based programmes. In Hounslow there were 348 premature deaths per 100,000 between the periods of 2010-12, this positions Hounslow 67 th out of 150 local authorities. Increasing physical activity levels amongst the 40-79 year age group by 50% can reduce the number of preventable deaths in Hounslow by 51 per year 9 2.2 Children and young people The proportion of boys meeting recommendations decreased from 24% in those aged 5-7 to 14% aged 13-15. For girls the decrease was from 23% to 8% respectively. Overall, 39% of boys and 45% of girls aged 5-15 were classified as having low levels of activity. This decline in physical activity levels as a child gets older needs to be addressed and is a concern. However in 2009/10 it was reported that 64.1% of children in Hounslow participate in at least three hours of PE & sport a week which is better than the England average. In addition the last Physical Education School Sports and Club Link Survey (PESSYP) undertaken was in 2009 and the data showed Hounslow as having achieved higher than the National Average in terms of participation of high quality sport and PE. In comparison to neighbouring boroughs Hounslow was again significantly higher than the average. Despite this Children in Hounslow have worse than average levels of obesity with 11.9% of children aged 4-5 years and 23.0% of children aged 10-11 years are classified as obese 10 7 Sport England. Primary and Secondary care Costs of Physical Inactivity. (2013) 8 Sport England. Active People Survey 7 (2013) 9 Public Health England. Health Impact of Physical Inactivity (2010) 10 Child and Maternal Health Observatory (CHIMAT) Child health profile-hounslow (2013) Factsheet contact: Marianne Boyle (marianne.boyle@hounslow.gov.uk). 2
The participation in PE and Sport is recorded within school which suggests that the lack of participation outside of the curriculum poses an issue for children in Hounslow. The PESSYP is no longer collated and so the most recent picture in terms of physical activity is found in the National Travel Survey and the Taking Part Survey. The National Travel Survey 11, provides information on personal travel (including frequency of travel by different modes of transport including walking and cycling). In the United Kingdom, 41% of 5-16 year olds main method of getting to and from school is walking, while the main method for 33% of their age group is being driven to school in a car/van, while just 2% use a bike to travel to school as their main mode of transport. 3. Strategies and services The overarching priority for physical activity in Hounslow is to To create a healthier more active Borough, where residents have easy access to high quality facilities and opportunities 12 This vision is reflected in the London Borough of Hounslow Corporate plan objective An active healthy Borough and the Hounslow Health and Wellbeing Business plan for 204/15. 3.1 Community Sport & Physical Activity Network In Hounslow physical activity is overseen by the Community Sport and Physical Activity network (CSPAN) The CSPAN is a partnership of various organisations at a local level including, London Sport, Sport Impact, London Borough of Hounslow, Hounslow Richmond Community Health, Centre for Workplace and Community Health (CWCH), Fusion, Brentford FC Community Sport Trust (BFCCST) and Carillion in addition to other community and voluntary sectors. The purpose of the CSPAN is to bring together a strategic alliance of partners to work cooperatively towards the achievement of agreed outcomes as specified in the Physical Activity and Sport Strategy for Hounslow. The strategy sets out priorities for physical activity and the network works collectively towards a set of objectives as agreed in an annual action plan. Performance reports are submitted to the Hounslow Health and Wellbeing Board on an annual basis by the Physical Activity and Sport Strategic Group (PASS) which consist of more strategic stakeholder for sport and physical activity. 3.2 Centre for Workplace and Community Health The centre for Workplace and Community health (CWCH) are responsible for the delivery of physical activity interventions in Hounslow including; -Falls prevention -Health walks and wider Physical Activity promotion -Exercise and balance programmes 11 Department of Transport (2010) National Travel Survey 12 London Borough of Hounslow. Physical Activity and Sport Strategy 2012-2022 Factsheet contact: Marianne Boyle (marianne.boyle@hounslow.gov.uk). 3
3.3 Carillion and Fusion Carillion and Fusion manage Hounslow parks and leisure centre s respectively. They are also responsible for sport development in these areas with Fusion responsible for the development of Sport throughout Hounslow. 3.4 Hounslow Richmond Community Health Hounslow Richmond Community Health (HRCH) deliver the following programmes to address obesity and physical inactivity. Weigh2lose Exercise on referral Cardiac Rehab IV Aqua mobility Falls prevention exercise programme Health Lifestyle Roadshow NHS Health Checks Foot health promotion Vascular education programme Health trainer (one to one health coaching re lifestyle issues) 4. Recommendations - Further work could be undertaken to identify and address social, cultural, economic and environmental barriers to being physically active through engagement with the local community. - Create improved access to physical activity opportunities by ensuring that gaps in provision are identified and duplication prevented e.g. use of social media - Monitoring and evaluation of initiatives with a view to providing detail on value for money e.g. SROI -Implementation of a weight management programme for children and young people that incorporates physical activity - Continued development of parks and open spaces to increase physical activity and play provision in the Borough. - In order to increase physical activity levels in Hounslow it will be pertinent for all partners to work in collaboration to provide universal and targeted services that meet the need and deliver the best possible outcomes for every Hounslow resident. - Priorities for targeted work should focus on women and girls, those with a disability and BAME. Explore alternative ways of attracting and retaining participants of different ages, ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds to physical activity. 5. Priorities Based on the data provided and the above recommendations the following multi agency priorities have been identified to tackle the effects of physical inactivity and increase participation in Hounslow for 2014/15. Factsheet contact: Marianne Boyle (marianne.boyle@hounslow.gov.uk). 4
5.1 Hounslow health and Wellbeing Business Plan -Greater and more diverse use of green space -Promotion of a wide range of physical activity linked to LBH parks and leisure services -Targeted walking and cycling programmes -Increase availability of free to use exercise and activity facilities -Produce a Physical Activity needs assessment and Sports facility Strategy for Hounslow 5.2 London Borough of Hounslow Corporate Objective An Active healthy Borough -Increase number of adults meeting the recommended physical activity levels by 1% -Reduce obesity in children and adults -Develop Healthy Weight Strategy 2014-2024 5.3 Community Sport & Physical Activity Network (CSPAN) - Monitor and support the delivery of physical activity and sport projects or campaigns being delivered by partners of the CSPAN - To ensure the successful delivery of at least one key action for each setting as specified in the strategy. -Ensure that all partners are working effectively and strategically in the delivery of the overarching vision for physical activity. Factsheet contact: Marianne Boyle (marianne.boyle@hounslow.gov.uk). 5