Institute of Ag Professionals Proceedings of the 2015 Research Updates for Ag Professionals www.extension.umn.edu/agprofessionals Do not reproduce or redistribute without the written consent of author(s).
Small Grain Weed Control 2014 Beverly R. Durgan Extension Weed Scientist Agricultural Professional Update January 2015 1 2011 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved.
Weed Management Handouts in Folders Durgan Weed Management in Small Grains powerpoint Gunsolus Weed Management in 2015 powerpoint Recording will be available on-line (55 mins) 2014 Soybean Weed Management Results 2014 Corn Weed Management Results Pre/Post Herbicide Diversification Options for Corn Pre/Post Herbicide Diversification Options for Soybeans 2015 Soybean/Corn weed management site at Crookston 2
University of Minnesota Extension Weed Management Website Can be found at: www.appliedweeds.cfans.umn.edu Weed Research Results from 1997 2014 3
It is time to TAKE ACTION against herbicide-resistant weeds 4
PROGRESSION OF RESISTANCE OUR CURRENT SITUATION - MULTIPLE RESISTANCE Why these weeds? Cross-pollinated No fitness penalty Rapid turnover in seed bank SOA# s 2,4,5,9,14,27 SOA# s 2,9 SOA# s 2,5,9,14 SOA# s 2,4,5,9 5 2012 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved.
AUG. 2: 'SUPERWEEDS' EMERGE TO CHALLENGE FARMERS. Article by: Tom Meersman, Star Tribune Over 200 comments on the article how many were positive on agriculture? 2012 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. 6
2014 HOUSE ENVIRONMENT, NATURAL RESOURCES AND AGRICULTURE FINANCE COMMITTEE: Herbicide Resistant Weeds Jeff Gunsolus Agenda: Roundup Ready Resistance Invasive Species 2012 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. 7
INTEGRATED WEED MANAGEMENT IS MORE THAT INTEGRATED HERBICIDE MANAGEMENT Herbicide Inputs Move away from Total Post & One-Pass Post with delayed PRE Start with a PRE Post target max. of 3-inch weeds Weed Management Crop Rotation Goal is to reduce the seed bank Cultural Control Inter-row cultivation Increase crop seeding rate Work fields closer to planting date Delay planting if targeting early-emerging weeds Develop weed maps Crop Competition Via Crop Rotation Focus on earlyseason weed control Narrow rows 8 2012 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved.
Resources of Potential Interest: Univ. of MN Extension Crops Web Site - Note Take Action and You Tube links @ http://www.extension.umn.edu/agriculture/crops/ 2014 CPM Short Course Proceedings Note Take Control of weed management... and Know your weeds: exploiting seed-bank depletion links @ 2014 section of www.extension.umn.edu/agriculture/ag-professionals/cpm/ Research Report links @ http://appliedweeds.cfans.umn.edu/ 2012 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. The University of Minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer. In accordance with the Americans with Disabilities Act, this PowerPoint is available in alternative formats upon request. Direct requests to the Extension Store at 800-876-8636. 9
2014 Research Results Crookston - Wild oat control - Foxtail Control - Broadleaf weed control - Variety tolerance to postemergence grass herbicides - Glyphosate Drift on Wheat 2011 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. 10
Grass Control in Small Grains ACCase (Group 1): Axial Star: Axial XL: Foxfire: pinoxaden* + fluroxypyr pinoxaden* + adjuvant pinoxaden* + fenoxaprop* + cloquintocet safener Wolverine: fenoxaprop* + bromoxynil + pyrasulfotole + safener 11
ALS (Group 2): Grass Control in Small Grains Everest 2.0/Sierra: Raze: GoldSky: RimFire Max: Huskie Complete: Varro: flucarbazone* + safener flucarbazone* +fluroxypry + safener pyroxsulam* + florasulam* +fluroxypyr mesosulfuron* + propoxycarbazone + safener bromoxynil + pyrasulfotole + thiencarbazone* + mefenpyr safener thiencarbazone* + mefenpyr safener 12
Resistance Management Herbicide Crop Tolerance Weed Resistance (MOA) Axial Star G (wheat/barley) Yes Axial XL G (wheat/barley) Yes Wolverine G (wheat/barley) Yes Firefox G (wheat/barley) Yes Everest 2.0 G-F (wheat) Yes Sierra G-F (wheat) Yes Raze G-F (wheat) Yes Rimfire Max G-F (wheat) Yes GoldSky G-F (wheat) Yes Huskie Complete G-F (wheat)? Varro G-F (wheat)? 2011 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. 13
2014 Results NWROC Crookston: - Seeded on May 17, 2014 (10 days later than 2013) - RB07 HRSW - 3 reps Application Dates: - May 28 1 lf wild oat - June 3 3-4 lf wild oat - June 13 5-6 leaf wild oat Wild oat population 188/sq ft 14
May 28: 1 leaf wioa June 3: 3-4 leaf wioa June 13: 5-6 leaf wioa
Wild Oat Weedy Check
2014 Results NWROC Crookston: Good wild oat pressure Crop Injury - very little early season injury - Goldsky - Everest 2.0 - Rimfire Max - Huskie Complete - Varro 17
Wild oat control at various herbicide application times in spring wheat. Crookston - 2014 Rate % Wheat Injury % Wioa Control Wheat Yield Treatment (product/a) 6/13 7/10 7/30 (bu/a) 1 leaf wild oat (May 28) Everest 2.0 + Widematch + Audit 1:1 + 0.75 oz + 1 pt + 0.4 oz + 0 0 98 81 Preference + AMS 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt Everest 2.0 + Widematch + Audit 1:1 + 1 oz + 1 pt + 0.4 oz + 0 0 98 83 Preference + AMS 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt Everest 2.0 + Widematch + MCPA + 1 oz + 1 pt + 0.5 pt + 0 0 96 73 Preference + AMS 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt Goldsky + Preference + AMS 1 pt + 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt 0 0 98 80 Varro + Widematch + MCPA + 6.85 oz + 1 pt + 0.5 pt 0 2 85 81 Preference + AMS 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt Rimfire Max + Destiny HC 3 oz + 0.75 pt 0 0 83 81 Axial XL 16.4 oz 0 0 94 82 Wolverine Advanced 27.4 oz 0 0 82 81 Weedy Check -- - - -- 22 LSD (0.05) ns ns 12 14 18
Wild oat control at various herbicide application times in spring wheat. Crookston - 2014 Rate % Wheat Injury % Wioa Control Wheat Yield Treatment (product/a) 6/13 7/10 7/30 (bu/a) 3-4 leaf wild oat (June 3) Everest 2.0 + Widematch + Audit 1:1 + 0.75 oz + 1 pt + 0.4 oz + 0 0 99 80 Preference + AMS 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt Everest 2.0 + Widematch + Audit 1:1 + 1 oz + 1 pt + 0.4 oz + 0 2 99 76 Preference + AMS 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt Everest 2.0 + Widematch + MCPA + 1 oz + 1 pt + 0.5 pt + 0 0 99 83 Preference + AMS 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt Goldsky + Preference + AMS 1 pt + 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt 0 0 99 85 Varro + Widematch + MCPA + 6.85 oz + 1 pt + 0.5 pt 0 2 95 82 Preference + AMS 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt Rimfire Max + Destiny HC 3 oz + 0.75 pt 0 2 98 81 Axial XL 16.4 oz 0 0 99 84 Wolverine Advanced 27.4 oz 0 0 92 79 Huskie Complete 13.7 oz 0 0 98 76 Weedy Check -- - - -- 22 LSD (0.05) ns ns 12 14 19
Wild oat control at various herbicide application times in spring wheat. Crookston - 2014 Rate % Wheat Injury % Wioa Control Wheat Yield Treatment (product/a) 6/13 7/10 7/30 (bu/a) 5-6 leaf wild oat (June 13) Everest 2.0 + Widematch + Audit 1:1 + 0.75 oz + 1 pt + 0.4 oz + 0 0 82 63 Preference + AMS 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt Everest 2.0 + Widematch + Audit 1:1 + 1 oz + 1 pt + 0.4 oz + 0 2 82 59 Preference + AMS 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt Everest 2.0 + Widematch + MCPA + 1 oz + 1 pt + 0.5 pt + 0 0 78 63 Preference + AMS 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt Goldsky + Preference + AMS 1 pt + 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt 0 0 83 59 Varro + Widematch + MCPA + 6.85 oz + 1 pt + 0.5 pt 0 2 73 61 Preference + AMS 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt Rimfire Max + Destiny HC 3 oz + 0.75 pt 2 2 96 69 Axial XL 16.4 oz 0 0 99 69 Wolverine Advanced 27.4 oz 0 0 99 69 Huskie Complete 13.7 oz 0 0 62 50 Weedy Check -- - - -- 22 LSD (0.05) ns ns 12 14 20
Wild oat control with Everest 2.0 and Varro in spring wheat. Crookston - 2014 Rate % Wheat Injury % Wioa Control Wheat Yield Treatment (product/a) 6/27 7/10 7/30 (bu/a) 3-4 leaf wild oat (June 3) Everest 2.0 1.0 oz 0 0 96 76 Everest 2.0 + Bison 1 oz + 1 pt 0 0 99 73 Everest 2.0 + Bison + 1 oz + 1 pt + 0 0 99 77 Preference + Interlock 3.2 oz + 4.0 oz Everest 2.0 + Carnivore 1 oz + 1.5 pt 0 2 96 78 Everest 2.0 + Carnivore + 1 oz + 1.5 pt 5 0 95 74 Preference + Interlock 3.2 oz + 4.0 oz Everest 2.0 + Weld 1 oz + 1.5 pt 0 0 99 76 Everest 2.0 + Weld + 1 oz + 1.5 pt + 0 3 98 73 Preference + Interlock 3.2 oz + 4.0 oz Varro 6.85 oz 0 0 99 79 Varro+ Bison 6.85 oz + 1 pt 2 2 96 75 Varro + Bison + 6.85 oz + 1 pt + 0 2 93 72 Preference + Interlock 3.2 oz + 4.0 oz Varro + Carnivore 6.85 oz + 1.5 pt 2 7 83 71 Varro + Carnivore + 6.85 oz + 1.5 pt 2 7 87 72 Preference + Interlock 3.2 oz + 4.0 oz Varro + Weld 6.85 + 1.5 pt 0 8 90 72 Varro + Weld + 1 oz + 1.5 pt + 0 3 96 77 Preference + Interlock 3.2 oz + 4.0 oz Weedy Check - - - 19 LSD (0.05) - ns 5 7 11
Foxtail and Control in Spring Wheat Beverly R. Durgan University of Minnesota
2014 Results UMORE Park - Rosemount: - Seeded on May 6, 2014 - RB07 HRSW - 3 reps Application Dates - May 23: 1-2 lf foxtail - June 4: 3-4 lf foxtail Foxtail population low
May 23: 1 leaf foxtail June 4: 3-4 leaf foxtail
Foxtail control at various herbicide application times in spring wheat. Rosemount - 2014 Rate % Wheat Injury % Foxt Control Treatment (product/a) 6/13 7/10 7/30 1 leaf foxtail (May 23) Everest 2.0 + Widematch + Audit 1:1 + 0.75 oz + 1 pt + 0.4 oz + 0 0 77 Preference + AMS 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt Everest 2.0 + Widematch + Audit 1:1 + 1 oz + 1 pt + 0.4 oz + 0 0 85 Preference + AMS 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt Everest 2.0 + Widematch + MCPA + 1 oz + 1 pt + 0.5 pt + 0 0 88 Preference + AMS 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt Goldsky + Preference + AMS 1 pt + 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt 0 0 78 Varro + Widematch + MCPA + 6.85 oz + 1 pt + 0.5 pt 0 2 85 Preference + AMS 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt Rimfire Max + Destiny HC 3 oz + 0.75 pt 0 0 82 Axial XL 16.4 oz 0 0 92 Wolverine Advanced 27.4 oz 0 0 85 Weedy Check -- - - -- 7 LSD (0.05) ns ns 10
Foxtail control at various herbicide application times in spring wheat. Rosemount - 2014 Rate % Wheat Injury % Foxt Control Treatment (product/a) 6/13 7/10 7/30 3-5 leaf foxtail (June 4) Everest 2.0 + Widematch + Audit 1:1 + 0.75 oz + 1 pt + 0.4 oz + 0 0 90 Preference + AMS 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt Everest 2.0 + Widematch + Audit 1:1 + 1 oz + 1 pt + 0.4 oz + 0 0 90 Preference + AMS 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt Everest 2.0 + Widematch + MCPA + 1 oz + 1 pt + 0.5 pt + 0 0 87 Preference + AMS 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt Goldsky + Preference + AMS 1 pt + 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt 2 0 83 Varro + Widematch + MCPA + 6.85 oz + 1 pt + 0.5 pt 3 2 91 Preference + AMS 3.2 oz + 2.35 pt Rimfire Max + Destiny HC 3 oz + 0.75 pt 0 0 85 Axial XL 16.4 oz 0 0 93 Wolverine Advanced 27.4 oz 0 0 87 Weedy Check -- - - -- 7 LSD (0.05) ns ns 10
Broadleaf weed control - 2014 32
2014 Results NWROC Crookston: Broadleaf weeds Common lambsquarters Common mallow Nightflowering catchfly Redroot pigweed Wild buckwheat Wild mustard 5/ft sq 21/ft sq 2/ft sq 15/ft sq 10/ft sq 10/ft sq Wheat stage: 2-4 leaf Applications: June 9 33
Broadleaf Weed Control in Spring Wheat at Crookston, MN - 2014 Rate % Control (7/30) Wheat injury Wheat Yield Treatment (6/9) (product/a) nfcf wibu wimu ( 7/30) (bu/a) Huskie + N-Pak AMS 11 oz + 1.18 pt 99 99 99 0 80 Huskie + N-Pak AMS 13.5 oz + 1.18 pt 99 99 99 0 77 Huskie Complete + AMS 13.7 oz + 1.18 pt 99 99 99 5 72 Wolverine Advanced 27.4 oz 99 99 99 0 74 Widematch + MCPA 1 pt + 0.5 pt 99 99 99 5 76 Affinity TankMix + Starane Ultra 0.6 oz + 4.2 oz 99 99 99 10 74 + Preference + 3.2 oz Starane Flex 13.5 oz 92 91 93 0 78 Weedy Check -- -- -- -- 76 LSD 3 1 2 1 ns 35
Variety Tolerance to Postemergence Herbicides Locations: Crookston and Rosemount Wheat Varieties: Forefront Linkert Rollag LCS Lguacu RB-07 SY-Soren Herbicides: Rates: Application: Huskie Complete Rimfire Max Everest 2.0 GoldSky 1X Labeled rate 1.5X labeled rate 2X labeled rate June 18 to 5 leaf wheat 36
Wheat Response to Postemergence Herbicides at Crookston 2 weeks after application - 2014 Herbicide 1X Rate % Injury 1.5 X Rate % Injury 2X Rate % Injury Everest 2.0 0-1 0-5 0-5 GoldSky 0-1 0-5 0-5 Rimfire Max 0-5 0-5 0-5 Huskie Complete 0-4 0-5 0-6
Wheat Response to Postemergence Herbicides at Crookston At wheat heading - 2014 Herbicide 1X Rate % Injury 1.5 X Rate % Injury 2X Rate % Injury Everest 2.0 0 0 0 GoldSky 0 0 0 Rimfire Max 0 0 0 Huskie Complete 0 0 0
Variety Tolerance to Postemergence Herbicides Factoring Affecting Crop Injury: Weather Variety Time of application Herbicide Herbicide Rate 2015: Herbicides? Timing? Rates? Tank mixes
Wheat Response to Glyphosate Drift 2011 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. 40
Roundup Powermax injury to Spring Wheat Location: Wheat Varieties: Crookston RB07 Herbicides: Rate: Roundup PowerMax 2, 4 and 8 oz of product/a Application: 3 leaf stage Tillering Boot stage Flagleaf Heading Residue Testing: Collected a week after 41
Wheat Response to Roundup Max Drift Yield reduction at all application times (except the 3 leaf application) compared to the untreated check. Wheat yield decrease highest when drift occurred at tillering, boot stage and heading. Continue to look for a correlation between injury and residue testing. 2011 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. 42
Small Grain Weed Control 2014 Beverly R. Durgan Extension Weed Scientist Agricultural Professional Update January 2015 43 2011 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved.